Exercise and Neuroplasticity

Öz

Neuroplasticity, the structure, function of the nervous system and reconfigure internal links or external stimuli is the ability to respond. Neuroplasticity, molecular structure to the cellular structure, systems, and behavior can be defined on many levels. The aim of the studies on plasticity is to treat brain diseases in general and to have a stronger memory. When stimulated by stimulating other neurons around a neuron, may lead to changes in neuroplastic. In recent years, such as schizophrenia, depression, pain, clinical aspects of mental disorders, central nervous system (CNS) injury, stroke, Parkinson’s, such as neurodegenerative diseases, alcohol abuse, pediatric/developmental disorders, aging and many other factor the effects of neuroplasticity, mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects of numerous studies on neuroplasticity. The effects of exercise on cognitive functions such as neuroplasticity, neurodegenerative diseases via mental development, learning and behavior have been demonstrated in many studies in both humans and animals. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the effects of exercise on neuroplasticity, neuroplasticity-related factors and neurodegenerative diseases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Neuroplasticity,exercise,neurodegenerative diseases

Egzersiz ve Nöroplastisite

Öz

Nöroplastisite, sinir sisteminin yapısını, işlevini ve bağlantılarını yeniden yapılandırarak iç veya dış uyaranlara cevap verme kabiliyetidir. Nöroplastisite, moleküler yapıdan hücresel yapıya, sistemlere, davranışlara kadar pek çok düzeyde tanımlanabilir. Plastisite konusunda yapılan çalışmaların amacı genel olarak beyin hastalıklarını tedavi etmek ve daha güçlü bir hafızaya sahip olabilmektir. Uyarılan bir nöron çevresindeki diğer nöronları uyararak, nöroplastik değişimlere sebep olabilir. Son yıllarda klinik açıdan ağrı, depresyon, şizofreni gibi zihinsel bozukluklar, merkezi sinir sistemi (MSS) yaralanması, inme, Parkinson gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, alkol bağımlılığı, pediatrik / gelişimsel bozukluklar, yaşlanma gibi pek çok faktörün nöroplastisite üzerine etkileri, etki mekanizmaları ve nöroplastisitenin terapötik etkileri üzerine çok sayıda araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Egzersizin nöroplastisite, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar ile zihinsel gelişim, öğrenme ve davranış gibi kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerine olan etkileri hem insanlarda hem de hayvanlarda yapılan birçok çalışmada gösterilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı; egzersizin nöroplastisite, nöroplastisite ile ilgili faktörler ve nörodejeneratif hastalıklar üzerine olan etkilerini göstererek, egzersizin nöroplastik değişimle tedaviye yönelik kazanımlarını vurgulamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nöroplastisite, egzersiz, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar.

Kaynakça

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