İZLENİM YÖNETİMİ TAKTİKLERİNDE BEŞ FAKTÖR KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ROLÜ: SAVUNMA SANAYİİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

Bu çalışmada, kişilerin izlenim yönetimi taktikleriyle, kişilik özellikleri arasındaki nedensel ilişkiler incelenmiş ve hangi kişilik özelliğinin, hangi izlenim yönetim taktiğinin, önemli derecede belirleyicisi olabileceği hiyerarşik regresyon denklemlerinden yararlanılarak ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, Ankara‟da savunma sanayii işletmelerinde çalışan 245 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada İzlenim Yönetimi Ölçeği ve Beş Faktör Kişilik Envanteri kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Sonuçlara bakıldığında, uyumluluk kişilik özelliğinin niteliklerini tanıtarak kendini sevdirme, kendini acındırmaya çalışma, kendini örnek personel gibi göstermeye çalışma ve kendi önemini zorla fark ettirmeye çalışma taktiklerinin önemli derecede belirleyicisi olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Sorumluluk kişilik özelliğinin sadece kendini acındırmaya çalışma taktiğinin önemli derecede belirleyicisi olduğu; duygusal denge kişilik özelliğinin de işine sahip çıkma ve kendini acındırmaya çalışma taktiklerinin önemli derecede belirleyicisi oldukları ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Dışadönüklük kişilik özelliğinin ise, niteliklerini tanıtarak kendini sevdirme taktiğini ve son olarak açıklık kişilik özelliğinin de işine sahip çıkmaya çalışma izlenim yönetim taktiğinin önemli derecede belirleyicisi oldukları bulunmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İzlenim Yönetimi, Beş Faktör Kişilik Özellikleri, Savunma Sanayii

THE ROLE OF BIG FIVE PERSONALITY ON IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT TACTICS: A RESEARCH IN DEFENSE INDUSTRY

Öz

In this study, the relationship between the impression management tactics and personality traits was examined and it was examined that which personality traits predicted which impression management tactics. The sample was composed of 245 individuals who work at defense industry sector in Ankara. In the study Impression Management Scale and Big Five Personality Scale were used. Results show that agreeableness predicted self promotion and ingratiation,supplication,exemplification conscientiousness predicted intimidation tactic; emotional stability predicted job chauvinism and intimidation tactics; extroversion predicted self-promotion and ingratiation tactic and openness predicted job chauvinism impression management tactic

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Impression Management, Big Five Personality, Defense Industries

Kaynakça

1. ALLPORT, G.W. (1961): Pattern and Growth in Personality, New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston
2. BASIM, N. ve TATAR İ. (2006): “Kamuda İzlenim Yönetimi: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma” [A Comperative Study on Impression Management in Public Sector], Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 39(4): 225-244.
3. BASIM, N., TATAR İ. ve ŞAHİN N.H. (2006a): “İzlenim Yönetiminde Kendilik Algısı, Kontrol Odağı, Mesleki Hedeflere Ulaşma Düzeyi ve Stres: Bir Kamu Sektörü Örneği” [Self Concept, Locus of Control, Level of Attaining Occupational Objective and Stress in Impression Management], Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 21(58): 1-14.
4. BASIM, N., TATAR İ., ve ŞAHİN N.H. (2006b): “Çalışma Yaşamında izlenim Yönetimi: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması” [Impression Management in Work Life: A Study of Scale Adaptation], Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(18): 1-17.
5. BAZANA, P.G. ve STELMACK R.M. (2004): “Stability of Personality Across the Life Span: A Meta-Analysis”, Stelmak R.M. (Ed.), On the Psychology of Personality. Elsevier Ltd.
6. BOLİNO, M.C. and TURNLEY, W.H. (1999): “Measuring Impression Management in Organizations: A Scale Development Based on the Jones and Pittman Taxonomy”, Organizational Research Methods, 2: 187-206.
7. BOLİNO, M.C. (1999): “Citizenship and Impression Management: Good Soldiers or Good Actors?”, Academy of Management Review, 24: 82-98.
8. BONO, J.E., BOLES T.L., JUDGE T.A., and LAUVER K.J. (2002): “The Role of Personality in Task and Relationship Conflict”, Journal of Personality, 70(3): 1311-1344.

9. BORGATTA, E.F. (1964): “The Structure of Personality Characteristics”, Behavioral Science, 9: 8-17.
10. CANTEKİN, A. (2003): Etkileme Yönetimi [Influence management], Kara Harp Okulu, Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
11. CASPİ, A., ROBERTS B.W., and SHINER R.L. (2005): “Personality Development: Stability and Change”, Annual Review of Psychology, 56: 453- 484.
12. CATTELL, R.B. (1956): “Validation and Intensification of The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire”, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 12(3): 205- 214.
13. COSTA, P.T., and MCCRAE, R.R. (1995): “Domains and Facets: Hiyerarchical Personality Assessment Using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory”, Journal of Personality Assessment, 64(1): 21-50.
14. CRANE, E., and CRANE, F.G. (2004): “Usage and Effectiveness of Impression Management Strategies in Organizational Settings”, Journal of Group Psychotherapy Psychodrama and Sociometry, 25-34.
15. DEMİR, K. (2002): Türkiye‟deki Resmi ve Özel Lise Öğretmenlerinin İzlenim Yönetimi [Public and Private High School Teacher‟s Impression management in Turkey], Ankara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi).
16. EYSENCK, H.J. (1951): “The Organization of Personality”, Journal of Personality, 20(1): 101-107.
17. FELDMAN, D.C., and KLICH, N.R. (1991): “Impression Management and Career Strategies” Giacalone, R.A. ve Rosenfeld, P. (Ed.), Applied Impression Management, London: Sage Pub, 67-79.
18. GARDNER, W.L., and MARTINKO, M.J. (1988): Impression Management in Organizations. Journal of Management, 14: 321-338.
19. GOLDBERG, L.R. (1990): “An Alternative Description of Personality: The Big- Five Factor Structure”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59: 1216- 1229.
20. GOLDBERG, L.R. (1999): “A Broad-Bandwidth, Public Domain, Personality Inventory Measuring The Lower-Level Facets of Several Five-Factor Models” Mervielde, I., Deary, F. de Fruyt, and Ostendorf, F. (Ed.), Personality Psychology in Europe, Tilburg, The Netherlands, Tilburg University Press, 7, 7- 28.
21. GOLDBERG, L.R., JOHNSON, J.A., EBER, H.W., HOGAN, R., ASHTON, MİCHAEL, C., CLONİNGER, C. R., and GOUGH, H.G. (2006): “The International Personality Item Pool and the Future of Public-Domain Personality Measures”, Journal of Research in Personality, 40: 84–96.
22. GRAZIANO, W.G., JENSEN-CAMPBELL A.L., and HAIR C.E. (1996): “Perceiving Interpersonal Conflict and Reacting to It: The Case for Agreeableness”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70: 820-835.
23. JONES, E.E. (1990): Interpersonal Perception. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
24. JONES, E.E., and PITTMAN, T.S. (1982): “Toward a general theory of strategic self-presentation” Suls, J. (Ed.), Psychological perspectives on the self, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrance Erlbaum, 231-261.
25. LEARY, M.R. (1996): Self-Presentation, Impression Management and Interpersonal Behavior. Oxford: Westview Press.
26. LEARY, M.R., and KOWALSKY. R.M. (1990): “Impression Management: A Literature Review and Two-Component Model”, Psychological Bulletin, 107(1): 34-47.
27. LIDEN, R.C., and MITCHELL T.R. (1988): “Ingratiatory Behaviors in Organizational Settings”, Academy of Management Review, 13: 572-587.
28. MCCRAE, R.R., and JOHN O.P. (1992): “An Introduction to the Five-Factor and Its Applications”, Journal of Personality, 60(2): 175-215.
29. MCCRAE, R.R., JANG K.L., LIVESLEY W.J., RIEMANN R., and ANGLEITNER A. (2001): “Sources of Structure: Genetic, Environmental and Artifactual Influences on the Covariations of Personality Traits”, Journal of Personality, 69(4): 511-535.
30. MOUNT, M.K., BARRİCK M.R., SCULLEN S.M., and ROUNDS J. (2005): “Higher-Order Dimensions of The Big Five Personality Traits and The Big Six Vocational Interest Types”, Personal Psychology, 58: 447–478.
31. NORMAN, W.T. (1963): “Toward an Adequate Taxonomy of Personality Attributes: Replicated Factor Structure in Peer Nomination Personality Ratings”, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66: 574-583.
32. RIND, B., and BENJAMIN, D. (1993): “Effects of Public Image Concerns and Self-Image on Compliance”, The Journal of Social Psychology, 134: 19-25.
33. ROSENFELD, P., GIACALONE, R.A., and RIORDAN, C.A. (1995): Impression Management in Organizations. New York: Routhledge.
34. SALLOT, L.M. (2002): “What the Public Thinks About Public Relations: An Impression Management Experiment”, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 150-164.
35. SCHMITT, D.P., ALLIK J., MCCRAE R.R., and BENET-MARTINEZ V. (2007): “The Geographic Distribution of Big Five Personality Traits: Patterns and Profiles of Human Self-Description Across 56 Nations”, Journal of Cross- Cultural Psychology, 38(2): 173-212.
36. SCHUTZ, A. (1998): “Assertive, Offensive, Protective, and Defensive Styles of Self-Presentation: A Taxonomy”, The Journal of Psychology, 132(6): 611-628.
37. STEVENS, C.K., and KRİSTOF, A.L. (1995): “Making the Right Impression: A Field Study of Applicant Impression Management During Job İnterviews”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 80: 587-606.
38. TATAR, İ. (2006): İzlenim Yönetiminde Kendilik Algısı ve Stres, Kara Harp Okulu, Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
39. WAYNE, S.J., and GREEN, S.A. (1993): “The Effects of Leader-Member Exchange on Employee Citizenship and İmpression Management Behavior”, Human Relations, 46: 1431-1440.
40. WAYNE, S.J., and LIDEN R.C. (1995): Effects of Impression Management on Performance Ratings: A Longitudinal Study, Academy of Management Journal, 38, 232-260.