On the Tourism of Tunisia

Öz

Tourism in Tunisia has been a developing sector during the last 25 or 30 years and plays an important part in the country's economy. The geographical situation, the natural beauty and attractions, the coastal characteristics, the climate, the historical and cultural properties of Tunisia have occupied a significant share in the progression of tourism.

Besides, the political and economic resolutions by the state have encouraged tourist activities and investments. Some other factors which are out of reach of the government such as the increase of inclusive tours by charter flights and political unrest and conflicts in other countries have also positively contributed to the development of tourism in Tunisia.

Thus, the tourist centers on the east coast like Hammamet, Sus, Monastir and Cerbe have appeared. The northern coast, however, has slowly been advancing in this field. That's why "cultural" and "desert” tourism are officially supported as an alternative to the coastal tourism by the ministry in the last few years. New tourist zones called Matmata, Tozeur, Duz, Kebili, Nefta have recently been established in the inner parts of the country.

Tourism has passed through three stages in Tunisia. Tourism rose to its feet and a permanent development took place in the first stage from 1961 to 1971. In the second period between 1972 and 1982 the foreign capital started to participate in the investments. Hammamet-Nabeul came to existence as a tourist area in those years. But the development rate of tourism decreased the effect of petrol crisis in 1973-1974. From 1982 up to this date, the progression in tourism has often been interrupted and the rapid development in this area has slowed down.

That's why in the "last developmental plan" of the country, tourism has again been treated according to the following points of view: management, infrastructure, environment, tourist productions, commercialization, and promotional policies.

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TUNUS TURİZMİ ÜZERİNE

Öz

Tunus turizminde bugün (1990), 3.2 milyon yabancı turist girişi ve 18.8 milyon geceleme göz önüne alındığında; ülkenin Akdeniz Havzası'nda İtalya, İspanya, Fransa, Yugoslavya, Yunanistan, Portekiz ve Türkiye'den sonra geldiği, bu turistik göstergeler itibariyle güney Akdeniz kıyılarının ve Afrika kıtasının turizm lideri olduğu söylenebilir. Tunus'ta turizmin gelişmesi son 25-30 yılın eseri olup, belirli dönemlerde kesintisiz ve süratli bir büyüme yaşanırken, bazı yıllarda bir durgunluk ve yavaşlamaya tanıklık olunmuştur. Öte yandan gelişmede rol oynayan faktörlerin bir kısmı zamanla değişmiş, kimilerinin etkisi azalmıştır. Bu makalede, önce Tunus gibi küçük bir Akdeniz ülkesinde turizmi geliştiren nedenler üzerinde durulmakta, sonra gelişim etapları belli dönemler içersinde incelenmektedir.

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