The Distribution of the Mean Annual Temperature Range (amplitude ) in Turkey and a New Formula on the Degree of Continentality

Öz

The main factors in determining the mean annual temperature ranges (amplitude) are geographical latitude, distance from sea, altitude, absolute humidity, specific heat and albedo and at the same time these are the most important factors determining the continental and maritime climates in climatological studies. The influence of these factors upon Turkey's climate are shown in Figure 2.

The minimum mean annual temperature values range covers on the coastal belts of Turkey due to the fact that these areas are covered densely by vegetation the absolute humidity is very high, albedo is in minimal value and specific heat is very high; whereas the maximum mean annual temperature range reachs the inner section of Anatolia because of the fact that these lands are far from the sea, the altitude and albedo of the areas are high, absolute humidity and specific heat are low, and vegetation cover is mostly sparse.

There is also close relationships between the mean annual temperature range and continentality. For this reason, as mentioned above, mean annual temperature range values can be used as a criterion in respect of distinguishing the continental and maritime climates. But equal mean temperature range values are not the world indicative of continentality everywhere in the world, that is, only the differences of the temperature of any area couldn't show the actual contunentality. In order to solve this problem and/or difficulty, many formulas were proposed by authors. In application of these formulas for Turkey has not been generally satisfactory, and has not revealed the main global tendency of continentality. In order to clarify the land degree of continentality a formula is presented by the author (SEZER).

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TÜRKİYE'DE ORTALAMA YILLIK SICAKLIK FARKININ DAĞILIŞI VE KONTİNENTALİTE DERECESİ ÜZERİNE YENİ BİR FORMÜL

Öz

Bu çalışma, sebep-sonuç ilişkisi içinde birbiri ile bağlantılı olan İki amaca yöneliktir: Bunlardan birincisi, canlı ortamda meydana gelen ve son derece hayatî önem taşıyan çeşitli biyoklimatik olayları, kuvvetinin büyüklüğü ile orantılı olarak kısıtlayan kontinentalltenln termik rejim üzerindeki etkisinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan yıllık sıcaklık farkının Türkiye’deki dağılışını ortaya koymak; İkincisi ise, yıllık sıcaklık farkından haraketle kontinentalltenln etki derecesini, özellikle Türkiye şartlarına uygun, basit fakat iyi neticeler veren ve yeterli karşılaştırmaları sağlayan yeni bir karasallık formülü ile sayısal olarak belirlemek ve Türkiye'deki dağılışını ortaya koyarak karasal ve denizel iklimin etkin olduğu alanları ayırtetmek suretiyle karasallık/okyanusallık bakımından Türkiye'nin dünyadaki konumunu ortaya çıkarmaktır.

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