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Türk Beşeri Coğrafyasında İhmal Edilmiş Bir Paradigma: Hümanist Coğrafya

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 205 - 224, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.892187

Öz

Bu değerlendirme yazısı, Türkiye’de coğrafyacıların geçmişte ihmal ettiği bir paradigma olan hümanistik coğrafyayı yeniden ele almaktadır. Bu felsefi anlayışın yeniden ele alınması, iki temel nedene dayanmaktadır. Birincisi, hümanist coğrafya hakkında ayrıntılı bilgiler vererek ve yakın zamanlarda ortaya çıkan yeni paradigmalara bağlantı kurarak Türk beşeri coğrafya literatüründeki bazı boşlukları doldurmak istenmektedir. İkinci neden, günümüzde yeniden önem kazanan insan-yer ilişkileri bağlamında deneyim, anlam, bağlılık ve kimlik gibi konuları inceleyecek yeni nesil beşeri coğrafyacılara araştırmalarında hümanist bir anlayış sağlamaktır. Bu bağlamda makale, Batılı hümanist coğrafya literatürüne dayalı olarak bu bilimsel araştırma programının ortaya çıkışını, gelişimini, güncel durumunu ve anahtar özelliklerini gözden geçirmektedir. Türk toplumunun sosyo-kültürel özelliklerini ve Türkiye’nin peyzajlarını anlamak ve coğrafya bilgimizi zenginleştirmek için bu makale hümanist coğrafyayı yeniden düşünmenin faydalı olabileceğini ileri sürmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, P.C., Hoelscher, S., Till, K.E. 2001. Place in context: Rethinking humanist geographies. In Adams, P.C., Hoelscher, S., Till, K.E. (Eds.), Textures of Place: Exploring Humanist Geographies, pp.xiii-xxxiii, Minneapolis and London, University of Minnesota Press.
  • Barnes, T.J., Sheppard, E. 2019. Introduction. In Barnes, T.J., Sheppard, E. (Eds.), Spatial Histories of Radical Geography: North America and Beyond, pp.1-36, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester.
  • Bekaroğlu, E. 2014. Modern Türk coğrafyası geleneği. Bir Disiplinin İç Dünyası: Modern Türk Coğrafyası Üzerine Söyleşiler (Ed. Bekaroğlu, E. ve Özdemir, A.R.) içinde, s. 53-69, İdil: İstanbul. Bekaroğlu, E., Sarış, F. 2017. Türkiye’de fiziki coğrafya: Değişen disipliner pratiğin ampirik bir analizi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 35, 40-54.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., Yavan, N. 2013. Modern Türk coğrafyasının tarihsel gelişiminde Batılı coğrafya okullarının etkisi: Ampirik bir analiz. Beşeri Coğrafya Dergisi, 1(1), 51-66.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., Yavan, N. 2018. Türk coğrafyacılığında dört gelenek: Ampirik bir analiz. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 37, 79-93.
  • Bilgili, M. 2016. Coğrafya öğretiminde mekân ve yer karmaşası üzerine bir araştırma. Coğrafya Eğitimi Dergisi, 2(1), 11-19.
  • Buttimer, A. 1974. Values in Geography. Commission on College Geography Resource Paper, Washington, DC.
  • Buttimer, A. 1976. Grasping the dynamism of lifeworld. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 66(2), 277-292.
  • Buttimer, A. 1990. Geography, humanism, and global concern. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 80(1), 1-33.
  • Buttimer, A. 1993. Geography and the Human Spirit. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
  • Casey, E.S. 2001. Between geography and philosophy: What does it mean to be in the place-world? Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 91(4), 683-693.
  • Casey, E.S. 2009. Getting Back into Place: Toward a Renewed Understanding of the Place-world. (second edition), Indiana University Press.
  • Casey, E.S. 2013. The Fate of Place: A Philosophical History. University of California Press.
  • Cloke, P.J., Philo, C., Sadler, D. 1991. Approaching Human Geography: An Introduction to Contemporary Theoretical Debates. Guildford Press, London.
  • Couper, P. 2015. A Student's Introduction to Geographical Thought. Sage, London.
  • Crang, M. 2009. Cultural geography. In Gregory, D., Johnston, R., Pratt, G., Watts, M.J., Whatmore, S. (Eds.), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.129-133, (5th Edition), Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Cresswell, T. 2010. New cultural geography: An unfinished project? Cultural Geographies, 17(2), 169–174.
  • Cresswell, T. 2013. Geographic Thought: A Critical Introduction. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Duncan, J., Ley, D. 1984. Structural Marxism and human geography: A critical perspective. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 72(1), 30–59.
  • Elden, S. 2009. Philosophy and human geography. In Kitchin, R., Thrift, N. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography Vol.8, pp.145-150, Elsevier, Amsterdam and Oxford.
  • Entrikin, J.N. 1976. Contemporary humanism in Geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 66(4), 615-632.
  • Entrikin, J.N., Tepple J.H. 2006. Humanisn and democratic place-making. In Aitken, S., Valentine, G. (Eds.), Approaches to Human Geography, pp.30-41, Sage, London.
  • Finlay, L. 2011. Phenomenology for Therapists. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Gladkey, A.V. 2013. Humanistic paradigm of geography. Central European Regional Policy and Human Geography, 3(2), 7-14.
  • Göregenli, M. 2010. Çevre Psikolojisi: İnsan-Mekan İlişkileri. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Gregory, D. 2009a. Philosophy. In D. Gregory, R. Johnston, G. Pratt, M.J. Watts and S. Whatmore (Eds.), (5th edition), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.530-531, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
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  • Holt-Jensen, A. 2017. Coğrafya: Tarihi, Felsefesi ve Temel Kavramları. (Çev. E. Bekaroğlu, Ö.F. Anlı, H. Turut ve S. Tuysuz). İdil Yayıncılık, İstanbul, (3 Baskı Orijinal Basım Tarihi 1999).
  • Johansson, S. 2013. The rhythm lives in my steps: A rhythm-analytical study of body, city and knowledge. PhD Thesis, Uppsala University.
  • Johnston, R. 2017. Beşeri coğrafya: Değişen disipliner gündemin politiği [Human geography: The politics of changing disciplinary agenda]. (Çev. E.Bekaroğlu), Posseible Düşünme Dergisi, 10, 39-57.
  • Kaba, B., Südaş, İ. 2018. “Mavişehir’in Belirli Kuralları Vardır”: Kapalı Yerleşmelerde İnsan-Mekân İlişkileri. Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Karabulut, M. 2012. 20. yy’da coğrafi düşüncede meydana gelen değişimler. TÜCAUM VII. Coğrafya Sempozyumu 2012 Bildiriler Kitabı, 357-361, Ankara Üniversitesi, TÜCAUM, Ankara.
  • Kaya, İ. 2013. Coğrafi düşüncede mekân tartışmaları. Posseible Düşünme Dergisi, 2(4), 1-13.
  • Kaya, İ. 2014. Coğrafi Düşüncenin Değişimi ve Paradigmalar. Coğrafya Araştırma Yöntemleri (Ed. Arı, Y. ve Kaya, İ.) içinde, s.19-49, Coğrafyacılar Derneği, Balıkesir.
  • Kirk, W. 1952. Historical geography and the concept of the behavioural environment. Indian Geographical Journal, Silver Jubilee Issue, 152-160.
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A reconsideration of a neglected paradigm in Turkish human geography: Humanistic geography

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 205 - 224, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.892187

Öz

This review considers humanistic geography, which is a paradigm neglected by geographers in the past in Turkey. The consideration of this philosophical understanding is based on two main reasons. The first reason is to fill some of the gaps in Turkish human geography literature by providing detailed information about humanistic geography and by forming links to the new paradigms that have emerged recently. The second reason is to help the new generation of human geographers to develop a humanist understanding in their research, which will focus on topics such as experience, meaning, attachment, and identity within the context of human-place relations which have gained importance again today. In this context, this review examines the emergence, development, current status and key features of this scientific research program based on the Western humanistic geography literature. This review argues that it may be useful to rethink humanistic geography to understand the socio-cultural characteristics of the Turkish society and the landscapes of Turkey, and to enrich our knowledge of geography.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, P.C., Hoelscher, S., Till, K.E. 2001. Place in context: Rethinking humanist geographies. In Adams, P.C., Hoelscher, S., Till, K.E. (Eds.), Textures of Place: Exploring Humanist Geographies, pp.xiii-xxxiii, Minneapolis and London, University of Minnesota Press.
  • Barnes, T.J., Sheppard, E. 2019. Introduction. In Barnes, T.J., Sheppard, E. (Eds.), Spatial Histories of Radical Geography: North America and Beyond, pp.1-36, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester.
  • Bekaroğlu, E. 2014. Modern Türk coğrafyası geleneği. Bir Disiplinin İç Dünyası: Modern Türk Coğrafyası Üzerine Söyleşiler (Ed. Bekaroğlu, E. ve Özdemir, A.R.) içinde, s. 53-69, İdil: İstanbul. Bekaroğlu, E., Sarış, F. 2017. Türkiye’de fiziki coğrafya: Değişen disipliner pratiğin ampirik bir analizi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 35, 40-54.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., Yavan, N. 2013. Modern Türk coğrafyasının tarihsel gelişiminde Batılı coğrafya okullarının etkisi: Ampirik bir analiz. Beşeri Coğrafya Dergisi, 1(1), 51-66.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., Yavan, N. 2018. Türk coğrafyacılığında dört gelenek: Ampirik bir analiz. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 37, 79-93.
  • Bilgili, M. 2016. Coğrafya öğretiminde mekân ve yer karmaşası üzerine bir araştırma. Coğrafya Eğitimi Dergisi, 2(1), 11-19.
  • Buttimer, A. 1974. Values in Geography. Commission on College Geography Resource Paper, Washington, DC.
  • Buttimer, A. 1976. Grasping the dynamism of lifeworld. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 66(2), 277-292.
  • Buttimer, A. 1990. Geography, humanism, and global concern. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 80(1), 1-33.
  • Buttimer, A. 1993. Geography and the Human Spirit. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
  • Casey, E.S. 2001. Between geography and philosophy: What does it mean to be in the place-world? Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 91(4), 683-693.
  • Casey, E.S. 2009. Getting Back into Place: Toward a Renewed Understanding of the Place-world. (second edition), Indiana University Press.
  • Casey, E.S. 2013. The Fate of Place: A Philosophical History. University of California Press.
  • Cloke, P.J., Philo, C., Sadler, D. 1991. Approaching Human Geography: An Introduction to Contemporary Theoretical Debates. Guildford Press, London.
  • Couper, P. 2015. A Student's Introduction to Geographical Thought. Sage, London.
  • Crang, M. 2009. Cultural geography. In Gregory, D., Johnston, R., Pratt, G., Watts, M.J., Whatmore, S. (Eds.), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.129-133, (5th Edition), Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Cresswell, T. 2010. New cultural geography: An unfinished project? Cultural Geographies, 17(2), 169–174.
  • Cresswell, T. 2013. Geographic Thought: A Critical Introduction. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Duncan, J., Ley, D. 1984. Structural Marxism and human geography: A critical perspective. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 72(1), 30–59.
  • Elden, S. 2009. Philosophy and human geography. In Kitchin, R., Thrift, N. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography Vol.8, pp.145-150, Elsevier, Amsterdam and Oxford.
  • Entrikin, J.N. 1976. Contemporary humanism in Geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 66(4), 615-632.
  • Entrikin, J.N., Tepple J.H. 2006. Humanisn and democratic place-making. In Aitken, S., Valentine, G. (Eds.), Approaches to Human Geography, pp.30-41, Sage, London.
  • Finlay, L. 2011. Phenomenology for Therapists. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Gladkey, A.V. 2013. Humanistic paradigm of geography. Central European Regional Policy and Human Geography, 3(2), 7-14.
  • Göregenli, M. 2010. Çevre Psikolojisi: İnsan-Mekan İlişkileri. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Gregory, D. 2009a. Philosophy. In D. Gregory, R. Johnston, G. Pratt, M.J. Watts and S. Whatmore (Eds.), (5th edition), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.530-531, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Gregory, D. 2009b. Humanism. In D. Gregory, R. Johnston, G. Pratt, M.J. Watts and S. Whatmore (Eds.), (5th edition), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.356, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Heidegger, M. 1983. Being and Time. Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Henderson, G. 2009. Placelessness. In D. Gregory, R. Johnston, G. Pratt, M.J. Watts and S. Whatmore (Eds.), (5th edition), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.542, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Holt-Jensen, A. 2017. Coğrafya: Tarihi, Felsefesi ve Temel Kavramları. (Çev. E. Bekaroğlu, Ö.F. Anlı, H. Turut ve S. Tuysuz). İdil Yayıncılık, İstanbul, (3 Baskı Orijinal Basım Tarihi 1999).
  • Johansson, S. 2013. The rhythm lives in my steps: A rhythm-analytical study of body, city and knowledge. PhD Thesis, Uppsala University.
  • Johnston, R. 2017. Beşeri coğrafya: Değişen disipliner gündemin politiği [Human geography: The politics of changing disciplinary agenda]. (Çev. E.Bekaroğlu), Posseible Düşünme Dergisi, 10, 39-57.
  • Kaba, B., Südaş, İ. 2018. “Mavişehir’in Belirli Kuralları Vardır”: Kapalı Yerleşmelerde İnsan-Mekân İlişkileri. Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Karabulut, M. 2012. 20. yy’da coğrafi düşüncede meydana gelen değişimler. TÜCAUM VII. Coğrafya Sempozyumu 2012 Bildiriler Kitabı, 357-361, Ankara Üniversitesi, TÜCAUM, Ankara.
  • Kaya, İ. 2013. Coğrafi düşüncede mekân tartışmaları. Posseible Düşünme Dergisi, 2(4), 1-13.
  • Kaya, İ. 2014. Coğrafi Düşüncenin Değişimi ve Paradigmalar. Coğrafya Araştırma Yöntemleri (Ed. Arı, Y. ve Kaya, İ.) içinde, s.19-49, Coğrafyacılar Derneği, Balıkesir.
  • Kirk, W. 1952. Historical geography and the concept of the behavioural environment. Indian Geographical Journal, Silver Jubilee Issue, 152-160.
  • Koca, M. 2018. 68 öğrenci olayları ve üniversitelerde politik şiddet. Birey ve Toplum, 15, 87-109.
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  • Larsen, S.C., Johnson, J.T. 2016. The agency of place: toward a more-than-human geographical self. GeoHumanities, 2(1), 149-166.
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  • Ley, D. 1980. Geography without man: A humanistic critique. University of Oxford, Research Paper, 24.
  • Ley, D. 1981. Cultural/humanistic geography. Progress in Human Geography, 5(2), 249-257
  • Ley, D., Samuels, M.S. (eds.) 1978. Humanistic Geography: Prospects and Problems. Croom Helm, London.
  • Malpas, J.E. 1999. Place and Experience: A Philosophical Topography.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Malpas, J.E. 2006. Heidegger’s Topology : Being, Place, World. MIT Press, Cambridge.
  • Malpas, J.E. 2017. Heidegger and the Thinking of Place: Explorations in the Topology of Being. MIT Press, Cambridge.
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  • Moores, S. 2012. Media, Place and Mobility. Palgrave MacMillan, New York.
  • Nayak, A., Jeffrey, A. 2011. Geographical Thought: An Introduction to Ideas in Human Geography. Routledge, London and New York.
  • Özgen, N. 2010. Bilim olarak coğrafya ve evrimsel paradigmaları. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 19(2), 1-25.
  • Özgen, N. 2016. Neo-klasik Paradigmalar ve Coğrafya Bilimine Etkisi. Beşeri Coğrafyada Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teknikler (Ed. Nurettin Özgen) içinde, s.199-266, Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
  • Özgüç, N., Tümertekin, E. 2000. Coğrafya: Geçmiş, Kavramlar, Coğrafyacılar. Çantay, İstanbul.
  • Özgür, E.M. 2018. Türk beşeri coğrafyasında yenileşme eğilimleri: Değişim aktörlerinin perspektifinden bir değerlendirme. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 38, 142-170.
  • Özgür, E.M., Yavan, N. 2013. Türk coğrafyacılarının iç hesaplaşması: Neden başaramadık? Nasıl başarabiliriz? Beşeri Coğrafya Dergisi, 1(1), 14-38.
  • Öztürk, M., Karabağ, S. 2012. Öğretmen görüşlerine göre coğrafyada paradigmalar. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20, 421-444.
  • Öztürk, M., Karabağ, S. 2013. Coğrafyada paradigmalar. Journal of European Education, 3(1), 8-32.
  • Pickles, J. 2009. Existentialism. In Gregory, D., Johnston, R., Pratt, G., Watts, M.J. & Whatmore, S. (Eds.), (5th edition), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.228-229, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Pocock, D. 1988. Aspects of humanistic perspectives in geography. In Pocock, D. (Ed.), Humanistic Approaches to Geography, Occasional Paper (New Series) 22, pp. 1–11, University of Durham, Durham.
  • Relph, E. 1970. An inquiry into the relations between phenomenology and geography. Candian Geographer 14(3), 193-201.
  • Relph, E. 1976. Place and Placelessness. Pion, London.
  • Relph, E. 1981. Rational Landscapes and Humanistic Geography. Barnes and Noble, New York.
  • Relph, E. 1985. Geographical experiences and being-in-the-world: The phenomenological origins of geography. In Seamon, D., Mugerauer, R. (Eds.), Dwelling, Place and Environment Towards a Phenomenology of Person and World, pp.15-31, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht.
  • Relph, E. 2008. Senses of place and emerging social and environmental challenges. In Eyles, J., Williams, A. (Eds.), Sense of Place, Health and Quality of Life, pp. 31-44, Ashgate, Aldershot.
  • Rodaway, P. 2006. Humanism and people-centred methods. In Aitken, S., Valentine, G. (Eds.), Approaches to Human Geography, pp.263-272, Sage, London.
  • Sapkota, K. 2017. Humanistic geography: How it blends with human geography through methodology. The Geographical Journal of Nepal, 10, 121-140.
  • Seamon, D. 1979. A Geography of the Lifeworld: Movement, Rest and Encounter. Croom Helm, London.
  • Seamon, D. 1980. Body-subject, time-space routines, and place-ballets. In Buttimer, A., Seamon, D. (Eds), The Human Experience of Space and Place, pp.148-165, Croom Helm, London.
  • Seamon, D. 1982. The phenomenological contribution to environmental psychology. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2(2), 119-140.
  • Seamon, D. 2013. Lived bodies, place, and phenomenology: Implications for human rights and environmental justice. Journal of Human Rights and the Environment, 4(2), 143-166.
  • Seamon, D. 2015. Lived emplacement and the locality of being: A return to humanistic geography? In Aitken, S.C., Valentine, G. (Eds.), (Second edition), Approaches to Human Geography: Philosophies, Theories, People and Practices, pp.35-48, Sage, London.
  • Seamon, D. 2018. Life Takes Place: Phenomenology, Lifeworlds, and Place Making. Routledge, New York.
  • Seamon, D., Lundberg, A. 2017. Humanistic Geography. (encyclopedia entry). In Richardson, D. (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment, and Technology, Wiley, NY. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337050585_Humanistic_geography
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  • Seamon, D., Mugerauer, R. (eds.) 1985. Dwelling, Place and Environment. Nijhoff, Dordrecht.
  • Seamon, D., Sowers, J. 2009. Existential geography. In Kitchin, R., Thrift, N. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, Vol. 3, pp. 666–71, Elsevier, Oxford.
  • Sharp, J. 2009. Humanistic geography. In Gregory, D., Johnston, R., Pratt, G., Watts, M.J., Whatmore, S. (Eds.), (5th Edition), The Dictionary of Human Geography, pp.356-358, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Simms, E., Stawarska, B. 2013. Introduction: Concepts and methods in interdisciplinary feminist phenomenology. Janus Head, 13(1), 6-16.
  • Simonsen, K. 2012. In quest of a new humanism: Embodiment, experience and phenomenology as critical geography. Progress in Human Geography, 37(1), 10-26.
  • Smith, J.M. 2009. Humanism/Humanistic Geography. In Kitchin, R., Thrift, N. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, pp.239-250, Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford.
  • Smith, J. (ed.) 2018. Explorations in Place Attachment. Routledge, New York.
  • Stefanovic, I.L. 2000. Safeguarding Our Common Future: Rethinking Sustainable Development. State University of New York Press, New York.
  • Stenport, A. 2004. Making Space: Stockholm, Paris and the Urban Prose of Strindberg and His Contemporaries. University of California Press, Berkeley.
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  • Tekeli, İ. 2012. Türkiye’de coğrafyacıların çok paradigmalı bir coğrafya dünyasında yaşamayı öğrenmesi gerekiyor. TÜCAUM VII. Coğrafya Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı içinde, s.348-354, Türkiye Coğrafyası Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, Ankara.
  • Thrift, N. 2007. Non-Representational Theory: Space, Politics, Affect. Routledge, New York.
  • Tuan, Y-F. 1971. Geography, phenomenology, and the study of human nature. Candian Geographer 15(3), 181–192.
  • Tuan, Y-F. 1974a. Space and place: Humanistic perspective. In C. Board, C., Chorley, R.J., Haggett, P., Stoddard, D.R. (Eds.), Progress in Geography, Vol. 6, pp. 211-252, Edward Arnold, London.
  • Tuan, Y-F. 1974b. Topophilia. Englewood Cliffs. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
  • Tuan, Y-F. 1975. Place: An experiential perspective. The Geographical Review, 65(2),151-165.
  • Tuan, Y-F. 1976. Humanistic geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 66(2), 266-276.
  • Tuan, Y-F. 1991. A view of geography. Geographical Review, 81(1), 99-107.
  • Tuysuz, S., Yavan, N. 2012. Bölgesel coğrafya yaklaşımı ve Türk coğrafyasındaki etkileri üzerine kritik bir değerlendirme. TÜCAUM VI. Coğrafya Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı içinde, s.390-405, Türkiye Coğrafyası Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, Ankara.
  • Uysal, A., Güngör, Ş. 2019. İnsan merkezli bir yaklaşım olarak hümanist coğrafyada fenomenolojinin yeri. 1.İstanbul Uluslararası Coğrafya Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı içinde, s.61-67, İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Ünlü, M. 2014. Coğrafya Öğretimi. Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
  • Whatmore, S. 2004. Humanism’s excess: some thoughts on the post-human/ist agenda. Environment and Planning A, 36, 1360–1363.
  • Whatmore, S. 2006. Materialist returns: practising cultural geography in and for a more-than-human world. Cultural Geographies, 13(4), 600-609.
  • Woźniak, U. 2009. “Not as Colourful as Ukrainian villages, but nearly as lively as Hanoi.” In Holten, J., Madsen Simenstad, L. (Eds.), You Are Here, pp.174-199, Broken Dimanche Press, Berlin.
  • Warf, B. 2006. Humanistic geography. In Warf, B. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Geography, pp.232-235, Sage, Thousand Oaks, California.
  • Wright, J.K. 1947. Terrae incognitae: The place of imagination in geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 37(1), 1-15.
Toplam 100 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beşeri Coğrafya
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

E.murat Özgür 0000-0002-2146-7721

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 30 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özgür, E. (2021). Türk Beşeri Coğrafyasında İhmal Edilmiş Bir Paradigma: Hümanist Coğrafya. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 30(1), 205-224. https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.892187