Gradient Descent Metodu ile Ultrasonik Kaynak Sisteminin Frekans Optimizasyonu

Öz

Ultrasonik kaynak, sürtünme kaynak grubuna girmesiyle, günümüz endüstrisinde birleştirme metodu olarak birçok sektörde tercih edilmektedir. Bu yolla, kaynak yapılacak materyallere dolgu malzemesine gerek kalmadan birleştirme işlemi yapılmaktadır. Kaynak esnasında dolgu malzemesi olmadığından zehirli gaz ve atıklar çıkmamakta, bu yüzden de diğer kaynaklara göre daha çevreci bir yapıya sahip olmaktadır. Rezonans çalışma frekansında maksimum güç üretmesinin yanında rahatsız edici gürültü de ortaya çıkmaktadır. Rezonans çalışma anında optimum kaynak şeklini oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle kaynak yapılan materyallerin boyut ve mekaniksel özelliklerine göre frekans kayması oluşmaktadır. Bu kaymanın engellenmesi için, kaynak esnasında rezonans frekansının yakalanması gerekmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, sistemin verimliliğini arttırmak amacıyla, ultrasonik kaynak makinelerinin rezonans frekansının belirlenmesi için yeni bir metodoloji gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yük değiştiğinde yeniden belirlenmesi gereken bu değişken rezonans frekans değeri, kaynak işlemi sırasında gradient descent algoritması ile online olarak belirlenmektedir. Simülasyon çalışmaları Matlab/Simulink ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Maksimum rasgele değişim %5 ve %20 olan iki farklı rezonans frekansı kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Gradient Descent algoritması ile 150 mS içinde %5 değişen rezonans frekansı ve 250 mS içinde %20 değişen rezonans frekansı elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ultrasonik kaynak
• Frekans optimizasyonu
• Gradient Descent Algoritması

Frequency Optimization of Ultrasonic Welding System with Gradient Descent Method

Öz

Ultrasonic welding, with its entry into the friction welding group, is preferred in many sectors as a joining method in today's industry. In this way, the materials to be welded are joined without the need for filler material. Since there is no filling material during welding, toxic gases and wastes do not come out, so it has a more environmentally friendly structure compared to other sources. In addition to producing maximum power at the resonance operating frequency, disturbing noise also occurs. Optimum welding form occurs during resonance operation. Therefore, frequency shift occurs according to the size and mechanical properties of the welded materials. To prevent this shift, the resonant frequency must be captured during welding. In this study, a new methodology has been developed to determine the resonance frequency of ultrasonic welding machines to increase the efficiency of the system. This variable resonance frequency value, which needs to be re-determined when the load changes, is determined online with the gradient descent algorithm during the welding process. Simulation studies were carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment. Two different resonance frequencies with a maximum random variation of 5% and 20% were used. As a result, 5% changing resonance frequency within 150 mS and 20% varying resonance frequency within 250 mS were obtained with the Gradient Descent algorithm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ultrasonic welding
• Frequency optimization
• Gradient descent algorithm

Kaynakça

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