Orta Katlı Betonarme Bina Sistemlerinin Deprem Davranışına Sismik İzolasyonun Etkisi

Öz

Son güncellenen Türkiye Deprem Tehlike Haritası ve Aktif Fay Haritaları incelendiğinde Türkiye’nin yüzölçümünün büyük bir bölümünün deprem riski altında olduğu görülmektedir. Artan kentleşme ile birlikte nüfusun büyük çoğunluğu aktif deprem fayları üzerine kurulmuş kentlerde yaşamaktadır. Türkiye’de 6 Şubat 2023'te Kahramanmaraş, Pazarcık ve Elbistan merkezli 7,8 ve 7,5 büyüklüğündeki depremler meydana gelmiş olup 10 ilde önemli can kayıplarına ve büyük hasarlara neden olmuştur. Depremlerden sonra yapılan hasar tespit çalışmalarında tünel kalıp sistemiyle inşa edilen yapılarda hasarın diğer yapı sistemlerine göre daha az olduğu belirlenmiştir. Böylesine şiddetli bir depremde sismik izolatörlerin önemi bir kez daha ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında farklı zemin sınıfları için tünel kalıp sistemiyle inşa edilen orta yükseklikli yapılar ile betonarme karkas yapı sistemiyle inşa edilen orta katlı yapıların izolatörlü ve izolatörsüz deprem performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde, tünel kalıp sistemiyle inşa edilen yapıların deprem performansının betonarme çerçeve yapı sistemiyle inşa edilen yapılardan daha iyi olduğu, sismik izolatör kullanıldığı durumlarda izolatörün yapıya etkiyen kuvvetleri ve yapı yer değiştirmelerini olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deprem
• Sismik İzolasyon
• Betonarme
• İnşaat Mühendisliği
• Zemin Sınıfları

Effect of Seismic Isolation on Earthquake Behavior of Mid-Rise Reinforced Concrete Building Systems

Öz

When the latest updated Türkiye Earthquake Hazard Map and Active Fault Maps are examined, it is seen that a large part of Türkiye's surface area is at earthquake risk. With increasing urbanization, the majority of the population lives in cities built on active earthquake faults. The 7.8 and 7.5 magnitude earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaraş, Pazarcık, and Elbistan occurred in Türkiye on February 6, 2023, and caused significant loss of life and major damage in 10 provinces. In the damage assessment studies conducted after the earthquakes, it was determined that the damage in structures constructed with tunnel formwork systems was less than the damage in other structural systems. The importance of seismic isolators in such a severe earthquake was once again revealed. Within the scope of this study, the earthquake performance of mid-rise buildings constructed with tunnel formwork systems and mid-rise buildings constructed with reinforced concrete carcass construction systems was compared with and without isolators for different soil classes. When the obtained results were examined, it was observed that the earthquake performance of the structures constructed with the tunnel formwork system was better than that of the structures constructed with the reinforced concrete frame structure system and that in cases where a seismic isolator was used, the isolator positively affected the forces acting on the structure and the structure displacements.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Earthquake
• Seismic Isolation
• Reinforced Concrete
• Civil Engineering
• Soil Classes.

Kaynakça

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