Pandemi Döneminde Gebelerin COVID-19 Korku Düzeyleri, Algıladıkları Stres ve Sağlık Profesyonellerinden Beklentileri
Öz
Başlık: COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE GEBE OLMAK: PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE GEBELERİN COVID-19 KORKU DÜZEYLERİ, ALGILADIKLARI STRES VE SAĞLIK PROFESYONELLERİNDEN BEKLENTİLERİ
Öz:
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı gebelerin algıladıkları stres ile COVID-19 korkusu arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi ve sağlık profesyonellerinden beklentilerinin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırma 15 Nisan -15 Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin gebe polikliniğine başvuran 150 gebeyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında Tanıtıcı Özellikler Soru Formu, Sağlık Profesyonellerinden Beklentilere İlişkin Özellikler Formu, Doğum Öncesi Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Koronavirüs (COVID-19) Korkusu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA), Independent Sample t testi ve Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Gebelerin COVID-19 korkusu ölçeği puan ortalamalarının 21,08 ± 5,92 (Min: 7, Max: 35); doğum öncesi algıladıkları stres ölçeğinin medikal ve obstetrik riskler alt boyutu puan ortalaması 2,41±0,95 (Min: 1,00; Max: 5,00), gebelik esnasında psikososyal değişiklikler alt boyutu puan ortalamasının 2,50 ±0,86 (Min: 1,20; Max:4,60), doğum beklentisi alt boyutu puan ortalamasının 2,60 ±0,90 (Min: 1,00; Max:4,75) ve toplam puan ortalamalarınınsa 2,57 ± 0,73 (Min:1,17; Max:4,17) olduğu; gebelerin COVID-19 korkusu ölçeği puan ortalaması ile doğum öncesi algıladıkları stres ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması, gebelik esnasında psikososyal değişiklikler ve doğum beklentisi alt ölçekleri puan ortalaması arasında zayıf ve pozitif yönde bir ilişkinin olduğu (p<0,05) saptanmıştır. Gebeler sağlık profesyonellerinden yeterince bilgi ve destek alma, doğum planında değişiklik yaşamama, ulaşılabilir, anlayışlı ve dinleyici olmayı bekledikleri belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Gebelerin pandemi sürecinde COVID-19 korkusu ve algıladıkları doğum öncesi stresin orta düzeyde olduğu; sağlık profesyonelleri pandemi sürecinde gebelere bilgi alma ve psikososyal açıdan daha fazla destek sağlamalıdır.
Anahtar kelimeler: COVID-19 pandemisi; korku; gebelik; algılanan stres; beklenti
Destekleyen kurumlar: Destekleyen kurum yoktur.
Kaynakça:
Biresaw, M. S., Takelle, G. M., & Gebeyehu, E. T. (2022). Perceived stress and associated factors among pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic period in Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 12(9), e063041. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2022-063041
Chivers, B. R., Garad, R. M., Boyle, J. A., Skouteris, H., Teede, H. J., & Harrison, C. L. (2020). Perinatal distress during COVID-19: thematic analysis of an online parenting forum. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(9), e22002.
Coxon, K., Turienzo, C. F., Kweekel, L., Goodarzi, B., Brigante, L., Simon, A., & Lanau, M. M. (2020). The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on maternity care in Europe. Midwifery, 88, 102779.
Corbett, G. A., Milne, S. J., Hehir, M. P., Lindow, S. W., & O’connell, M. P. (2020). Health anxiety and behavioural changes of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology, 249, 96.
Çelik, A. S., & Atasever, İ. (2020). Gebelerde algılanan stres düzeylerinin ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(2), 267-276.
Dashraath, P., Wong, J. L. J., Lim, M. X. K., Lim, L. M., Li, S., Biswas, A., ... & Su, L. L. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 222(6), 521-531.
Docherty, A., Bugge, C., & Watterson, A. (2012). Engagement: an indicator of difference in the perceptions of antenatal care for pregnant women from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Health Expectations, 15(2), 126-138.
Downe, S., Finlayson, K., Walsh, D., & Lavender, T. (2009). ‘Weighing up and balancing out’: a meta‐synthesis of barriers to antenatal care for marginalised women in high‐income countries. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116(4), 518-529.
Durmuş, M., Öztürk, Z., Şener, N., & Eren, S. Y. (2022). The Relationship between the fear of COVID-19, depression, and spiritual well-being in pregnant women. Journal of religion and health, 61(1), 798-810.
Dymecka, J.; Gerymski, R.; Iszczuk, A.; Bidzan, M. (2021). Fear of Coronavirus, Stress and Fear of Childbirth in Polish Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph182413111
Eroğlu, M., Çıtak-Tunç, G., & Kılınç, F. E. (2021). Gebelik Stresi İle Covıd-19 Korkusu Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, Covid-19 Özel Sayı(Cilt 1), 125-139.
Floris, L., Irion, O., Bonnet, J., Mercier, M. P. P., & De Labrusse, C. (2018). Comprehensive maternity support and shared care in Switzerland: Comparison of levels of satisfaction. Women and Birth, 31(2), 124-133.
Grote NK, Bridge JA, Gavin AR, et al. (2010). A meta- analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 67:1012–24.
Keim SA, Daniels JL, Dole N, et al. A prospective study of maternal anxiety, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms in relation to infant cognitive development. Early Hum Dev 2011;87:373–80.
László KD, Liu XQ, Svensson T, et al. Psychosocial stress related to the loss of a close relative the year before or during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia. Hypertension 2013;62:183–9.
Luo, Y., & Yin, K. (2020). Management of pregnant women infected with COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), 513-514.
Matvienko-Sikar, K., Pope, J., Cremin, A., Carr, H., Leitao, S., Olander, E. K., & Meaney, S. (2021). Differences in levels of stress, social support, health behaviours, and stress-reduction strategies for women pregnant before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and based on phases of pandemic restrictions, in Ireland. Women and Birth, 34(5), 447-454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.10.010
Mappa, I., Distefano, F. A., & Rizzo, G. (2020). Effects of coronavirus 19 pandemic on maternal anxiety during pregnancy: a prospectic observational study. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 48(6), 545-550.
Masjoudi, M., Aslani, A., Seifi, M., Khazaeian, S., & Fathnezhad-Kazemi, A. (2022). Association between perceived stress, fear and anxiety of COVID 19 with self-care in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study, Psychology, Health & Medicine, 27:2, 289-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2021.1894344
Meaney, S., Leitao, S., Olander, E. K., Pope, J., & Matvienko-Sikar, K. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 on pregnant womens’ experiences and perceptions of antenatal maternity care, social support, and stress-reduction strategies. Women and Birth, 35(3), 307-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2021.04.013
Miranda, D. M., Reis, Z. S., Romano-Silva, M. A., Malloy-Diniz, L., & da Silva, A. G. (2020). Expectations when you are expecting in times of COVID-19. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 347-348.
Naghizadeh, S., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2021). Relationship of fear of COVID-19 and pregnancy-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35(4), 364–368. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. apnu. 2021. 05. 006
Onwuzurike, C., Meadows, A. R., & Nour, N. M. (2020). Examining inequities associated with changes in obstetric and gynecologic care delivery during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 136(1), 37-41.
Perriman, N., Davis, D. L., & Ferguson, S. (2018). What women value in the midwifery continuity of care model: A systematic review with meta-synthesis. Midwifery, 62, 220-229.
Ravaldi, C., Wilson, A., Ricca, V., Homer, C., & Vannacci, A. (2021). Pregnant women voice their concerns and birth expectations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Women and Birth, 34(4), 335-343.
Reznik, A., Gritsenko, V., Konstantinov, V., Khamenka, N., & Isralowitz, R. (2020). COVID-19 fear in Eastern Europe: Validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12(1), 1–6. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s11469- 020- 00283-3
Simcock G, Elgbeili G, Laplante DP, et al. (2017).The effects of prenatal maternal stress on early temperament: the 2011 Queensland flood study. J Dev Behav Pediatr;38:310–21.
Suda, T., Miura, Y., Katayama, M., Senba, H., Takahata, M., & Nakano, S. (2020). Worries and concerns about COVID-19 lockdown aggravate stress reactions among pregnant women, 22 July 2020, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-45832/v1]
Şahin, B. M., & Kabakci, E. N. (2021). The experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A qualitative study. Women and Birth, 34(2), 162-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.09.022
Tartıcı, E., Beydağ, K.D. (2022). Gebelerin pandemi sürecinde algıladıkları stres ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri ilişkisi. BANÜ Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 4(1), 42-49. doi: 10.46413/boneyusbad.107 7300
Unver, H., Özşahin, Z., & Gezer Tekdal, A. (2022). Gebelerde COVID-19 korkusunun gebelik stresi ve travmatik doğum algısına etkisi. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, 5(2), 71-78. DOI: 10.5152/JMHS.2022.222327
Wilson, A. N., Ravaldi, C., Scoullar, M. J., Vogel, J. P., Szabo, R. A., Fisher, J. R., & Homer, C. S. (2021). Caring for the carers: ensuring the provision of quality maternity care during a global pandemic. Women and birth, 34(3), 206-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.03.011
Zhu JL, Olsen J, Sørensen HT, et al. Prenatal maternal bereavement and congenital heart defects in offspring: a registry- based study. Pediatrics 2013;131:e1225–30.
Zhu P, Huang W, Hao J- H, et al. Time- Specific effect of prenatal stressful life events on gestational weight gain. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2013;122:207–11.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
Yoktur.
Proje Numarası
Yoktur.
Teşekkür
Çalışmaya katılan gebelere katkıları için teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
COVID-19 Fear Levels, Perceived Stress and Expectations From Health Professionals of Pregnants During The Pandemic
Öz
Başlık: BEING PREGNANT DURING THE COVID-19: COVID-19 FEAR LEVELS, PERCEIVED STRESS AND EXPECTATIONS FROM HEALTH PROFESSIONALS OF PREGNANTS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Öz:
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the stress perceived by pregnant women and the fear of COVID-19 and to determine their expectations from health professionals.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 150 pregnant women who applied to the pregnant outpatient clinic of a training and research hospital between April 15 and September 15, 2021. The Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire, the Expectations from Health Professionals Form, the Prenatal Perceived Stress Scale and the Fear of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Scale were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed with One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Independent Sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis.
Results: The mean score of the COVID-19 fear scale of pregnant women was 21.08 ± 5.92 (Min: 7, Max: 35); Medical and obstetric risks sub-dimension mean score of the prenatal perceived stress scale was 2.41±0.95 (Min: 1.00; Max: 5.00), psychosocial changes during pregnancy sub-dimension mean score was 2.50 ±0.86 ( Min: 1.20; Max: 4.60), mean birth expectancy sub-dimension score is 2.60 ± 0.90 (Min: 1.00; Max: 4.75) and total score average is 2.57 ± 0.73 (Min:1.17; Max:4.17); It was determined that there was a weak and positive relationship (p<0.05) between the mean score of the COVID-19 fear scale of the pregnant women and the mean score of the stress scale perceived before the birth, psychosocial changes during pregnancy and the subscales of expectation of birth. It has been determined that pregnant women expect to receive enough information and support from health professionals, not to experience changes in the birth plan, and to be accessible, understanding and listener.
Conclusion: The fear of COVID-19 and the perceived prenatal stress of the pregnant women during the pandemic were moderate; health professionals should provide more information and psychosocial support to pregnant women during the pandemic.
Anahtar kelimeler: COVID-19 pandemic; fear; pregnancy; perceived stress; expectations
Destekleyen kurumlar: There is no supporting institution.
Kaynakça:
Biresaw, M. S., Takelle, G. M., & Gebeyehu, E. T. (2022). Perceived stress and associated factors among pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic period in Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 12(9), e063041. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2022-063041
Chivers, B. R., Garad, R. M., Boyle, J. A., Skouteris, H., Teede, H. J., & Harrison, C. L. (2020). Perinatal distress during COVID-19: thematic analysis of an online parenting forum. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(9), e22002.
Coxon, K., Turienzo, C. F., Kweekel, L., Goodarzi, B., Brigante, L., Simon, A., & Lanau, M. M. (2020). The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on maternity care in Europe. Midwifery, 88, 102779.
Corbett, G. A., Milne, S. J., Hehir, M. P., Lindow, S. W., & O’connell, M. P. (2020). Health anxiety and behavioural changes of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology, 249, 96.
Çelik, A. S., & Atasever, İ. (2020). Gebelerde algılanan stres düzeylerinin ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(2), 267-276.
Dashraath, P., Wong, J. L. J., Lim, M. X. K., Lim, L. M., Li, S., Biswas, A., ... & Su, L. L. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 222(6), 521-531.
Docherty, A., Bugge, C., & Watterson, A. (2012). Engagement: an indicator of difference in the perceptions of antenatal care for pregnant women from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Health Expectations, 15(2), 126-138.
Downe, S., Finlayson, K., Walsh, D., & Lavender, T. (2009). ‘Weighing up and balancing out’: a meta‐synthesis of barriers to antenatal care for marginalised women in high‐income countries. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116(4), 518-529.
Durmuş, M., Öztürk, Z., Şener, N., & Eren, S. Y. (2022). The Relationship between the fear of COVID-19, depression, and spiritual well-being in pregnant women. Journal of religion and health, 61(1), 798-810.
Dymecka, J.; Gerymski, R.; Iszczuk, A.; Bidzan, M. (2021). Fear of Coronavirus, Stress and Fear of Childbirth in Polish Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph182413111
Eroğlu, M., Çıtak-Tunç, G., & Kılınç, F. E. (2021). Gebelik Stresi İle Covıd-19 Korkusu Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, Covid-19 Özel Sayı(Cilt 1), 125-139.
Floris, L., Irion, O., Bonnet, J., Mercier, M. P. P., & De Labrusse, C. (2018). Comprehensive maternity support and shared care in Switzerland: Comparison of levels of satisfaction. Women and Birth, 31(2), 124-133.
Grote NK, Bridge JA, Gavin AR, et al. (2010). A meta- analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 67:1012–24.
Keim SA, Daniels JL, Dole N, et al. A prospective study of maternal anxiety, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms in relation to infant cognitive development. Early Hum Dev 2011;87:373–80.
László KD, Liu XQ, Svensson T, et al. Psychosocial stress related to the loss of a close relative the year before or during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia. Hypertension 2013;62:183–9.
Luo, Y., & Yin, K. (2020). Management of pregnant women infected with COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), 513-514.
Matvienko-Sikar, K., Pope, J., Cremin, A., Carr, H., Leitao, S., Olander, E. K., & Meaney, S. (2021). Differences in levels of stress, social support, health behaviours, and stress-reduction strategies for women pregnant before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and based on phases of pandemic restrictions, in Ireland. Women and Birth, 34(5), 447-454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.10.010
Mappa, I., Distefano, F. A., & Rizzo, G. (2020). Effects of coronavirus 19 pandemic on maternal anxiety during pregnancy: a prospectic observational study. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 48(6), 545-550.
Masjoudi, M., Aslani, A., Seifi, M., Khazaeian, S., & Fathnezhad-Kazemi, A. (2022). Association between perceived stress, fear and anxiety of COVID 19 with self-care in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study, Psychology, Health & Medicine, 27:2, 289-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2021.1894344
Meaney, S., Leitao, S., Olander, E. K., Pope, J., & Matvienko-Sikar, K. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 on pregnant womens’ experiences and perceptions of antenatal maternity care, social support, and stress-reduction strategies. Women and Birth, 35(3), 307-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2021.04.013
Miranda, D. M., Reis, Z. S., Romano-Silva, M. A., Malloy-Diniz, L., & da Silva, A. G. (2020). Expectations when you are expecting in times of COVID-19. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 347-348.
Naghizadeh, S., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2021). Relationship of fear of COVID-19 and pregnancy-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35(4), 364–368. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. apnu. 2021. 05. 006
Onwuzurike, C., Meadows, A. R., & Nour, N. M. (2020). Examining inequities associated with changes in obstetric and gynecologic care delivery during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 136(1), 37-41.
Perriman, N., Davis, D. L., & Ferguson, S. (2018). What women value in the midwifery continuity of care model: A systematic review with meta-synthesis. Midwifery, 62, 220-229.
Ravaldi, C., Wilson, A., Ricca, V., Homer, C., & Vannacci, A. (2021). Pregnant women voice their concerns and birth expectations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Women and Birth, 34(4), 335-343.
Reznik, A., Gritsenko, V., Konstantinov, V., Khamenka, N., & Isralowitz, R. (2020). COVID-19 fear in Eastern Europe: Validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12(1), 1–6. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s11469- 020- 00283-3
Simcock G, Elgbeili G, Laplante DP, et al. (2017).The effects of prenatal maternal stress on early temperament: the 2011 Queensland flood study. J Dev Behav Pediatr;38:310–21.
Suda, T., Miura, Y., Katayama, M., Senba, H., Takahata, M., & Nakano, S. (2020). Worries and concerns about COVID-19 lockdown aggravate stress reactions among pregnant women, 22 July 2020, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-45832/v1]
Şahin, B. M., & Kabakci, E. N. (2021). The experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A qualitative study. Women and Birth, 34(2), 162-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.09.022
Tartıcı, E., Beydağ, K.D. (2022). Gebelerin pandemi sürecinde algıladıkları stres ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri ilişkisi. BANÜ Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 4(1), 42-49. doi: 10.46413/boneyusbad.107 7300
Unver, H., Özşahin, Z., & Gezer Tekdal, A. (2022). Gebelerde COVID-19 korkusunun gebelik stresi ve travmatik doğum algısına etkisi. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, 5(2), 71-78. DOI: 10.5152/JMHS.2022.222327
Wilson, A. N., Ravaldi, C., Scoullar, M. J., Vogel, J. P., Szabo, R. A., Fisher, J. R., & Homer, C. S. (2021). Caring for the carers: ensuring the provision of quality maternity care during a global pandemic. Women and birth, 34(3), 206-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.03.011
Zhu JL, Olsen J, Sørensen HT, et al. Prenatal maternal bereavement and congenital heart defects in offspring: a registry- based study. Pediatrics 2013;131:e1225–30.
Zhu P, Huang W, Hao J- H, et al. Time- Specific effect of prenatal stressful life events on gestational weight gain. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2013;122:207–11.
Anahtar Kelimeler
COVID-19 pandemic fear pregnancy perceived stres expectations
Proje Numarası
Yoktur.
Kaynakça
- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Özgün Araştırma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | Yoktur. |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 26 Nisan 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 17 Şubat 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 6 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 40 Sayı: 1 |
