Service-Learning Might be the Key: Learning from the Challenges and Implementation Strategies in EFL Teacher Education in Oman
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, - , 01.12.2012
Thuwayba Al Barwani
Abdo Al-mekhlafi
Ramani Perur Nagaratnam
Öz
Service-learning, a major reform in higher education, is considered essential for developing citizenship for the 21st century. This paper reports a study aimed at investigating the problems and challenges faced when implementing service- learning in pre-service education of teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and carried out in the Sultanate of Oman. The study also investigated the strategies that could possibly be used to overcome the challenges. A two-part questionnaire was designed and administered to a sample of 65 respondents comprising EFL instructors, pre-service student-teachers, administrators and administrative support staff. The first part of the questionnaire included 26 items covering 5 dimensions of challenges and the second consisted of 14 dimensions that covered a total of 77 strategies for overcoming the challenges identified. In general, the challenges were perceived to present serious problems in implementing service-learning; there were no significant differences between respondent groups on account of gender. The study also found that the strategies suggested were perceived to be very helpful in overcoming the challenges with no significant differences between faculty and administrators
Kaynakça
- Al-Barwani, T., Al-Mekhlafi, A., & Neisler, O. (2010). Addressing the challenges of cross-cultural understanding through service learning in higher education: The Oman experience. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 9(3), pp.179-192
- Al-Barwani, T., Van Nuland, S. & Al-Mekhlafi, A. (2011). Implementing servicelearning in pre-service teacher education: Challenges and strategies for success in
- Oman and Canada. In O'Meara, J. & Spittle, M. (Eds.). Internationalizing education: Global perspectives on collaboration and change. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Allam, C. (1993). The case for integrating service-learning into teacher preparation programs. The Generator, 13(1), 11-13.
- Anderson, J. B. (1998). Service-learning and teacher education. ERIC Digest 97-1.
- Washington, DC: ERIC Clearinghouse on Teaching and Teacher Education. Anderson, J. & Pickeral, T. (1999). Challenges and strategies for success with servicelearning in pre-service teacher education. Washington, DC: Corporation for National Service.
- Billig, S. H. (2000). The effects of service-learning. School Administrator, 57(7), 14
- Billig, S. H. (2004). Heads, hearts, and hands: The research on K-12 service learning.
- Growing to greatness 2004. St. Paul: National Youth Leadership Council.
- Boyte, H. & Hollander, E. (1999). The Wingspread declaration on the civic responsibilities of research universities. Providence, RI: Campus Compact.
- California Department of Education, The. (1999). Service-learning: Linking classrooms and communities: The report of the superintendent’s service-learning task force.
- Sacramento, CA: Author. Campus Compact. (1999). Higher education in service to the nation. Providence, RI: Campus.
- Corporation for National Service. (1993). The national and community service trust act of 19 Washington, DC: Corporation for National Service.
- Corporation for National and Community Service. (2007). The impact of servicelearning: A review of current research. Retrieved from http://www.learnandserve.org/pdf/07_0224_issuebrief_servicelearning.pdf
- Covitt, B. A. (2002). Motivating environmentally responsible behavior through servicelearning. In A. Furco & S. Billig (Eds.), Service-learning: The essence of the pedagogy
- (pp.177-197). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing. Daniels, K. N., Patterson, G. and Dunston, Y. (2010). Rules of engagement: A service learning pedagogy for pre-service teacher education. Journal for Civic Commitment, 15, 1-16.
- Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and education: An introduction to philosophy of education. New York: The Free Press.
- Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. New York: Collier Books.
- Erickson, J. A. and Anderson, J. B. (Eds.) (1997). Learning with the community: Concepts and models for service-learning in teacher education. Washington, DC: American Association for Higher Education.
- Eyler, J. and Giles, D. E. Jr. (1999). Where’s the learning in service-learning? San
- Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Fiske, E. B. (2001). Learning in deed: The power of service-learning for American schools. Battle Creek, MI: W. K. Kellog Foundation.
- Furco, A. (1996). Service-learning: A balanced approach to experiential education. In
- Corporation for National Service (Ed.). Expanding boundaries: Serving and learning, pp.2- Washington, DC: Corporation for National Service. Giles, D. and Eyler, J. (1994). The theoretical roots of service-learning in John Dewey: Toward a theory of service-learning. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 1, 77-85.
- Griffiths, M. (2003). Action for social justice in education: Fairly different.
- Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press. Jacoby, B. (1996). Service-learning in higher education: Concepts and practices. In B.
- Jacoby and Associates (Eds.). Service-learning in today’s higher education, pp.3-25. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Johnson, L. R., Johnson-Pynn, J. S. & Pynn, T. M. (2007). Youth civic engagement in
- China: Results from a program promoting environmental activism. Journal of Adolescent Research, 22(4), pp.355-386. Kelshaw, T., Lazarus, F., Minier, J. and Associates (Eds.) (2009). Partnership for service-learning: Impacts on students and communities. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Learn and Serve Clearinghouse (2010). http://www.servicelearning.org
- Leeward Community College. (1997). Leeward Community College’s ServiceLearning Collegium.
- Leeward Community College. (2009). Leeward Community College service-learning program. Retrieved October 4, 2009 from http://emedia.leeward.hawaii.edu/servicelearning/
- Lisman, C. D. (1998). Toward a civil society: Civic literacy and service-learning.
- Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey. Miller, K., Dunlap, C. & Gonzalez, A. (2007). The impact of a freshman year community-based service-learning experience on the achievement of standards articulated for teacher candidates. The School Community Journal 17(2), 111-121.
- Neal, M. (2003). Service-learning in K-12 education. Growing to greatness 2003. St.
- Paul: National Youth Leadership Council. Novak, J., Murray, M., Scheuermann, A. & Curran, E. (2009). Enhancing the preparation of special education through service-learning: Evidence from two preservice courses. International Journal of Special Education, 24(1), 32-44.
- Ramaley, J. A. (2000). The perspective of a comprehensive university. In T. Ehrlich
- (Ed.). Civic responsibility and higher education, pp.227-248. Phoenix: Oryx. Rhoads, R. A. (1998). In the service of citizenship: A study of student involvement in community service. Journal of Higher Education, 69: 277-298.
- RMC Research Corporation. (2008). Standards and indicators for effective servicelearning practice. Scotts Valley, CA: National Service-Learning Clearinghouse.
- Root, S., Callahan, J. and Sepanski, J. (2002). Building teacher dispositions and service-learning practice: A multi-site study. Michigan Journal of Service-Learning, 7: 142-1
- Schultz, B. (2007). Not satisfied with stupid band-aids: A portrait of a justice-oriented, democratic curriculum serving a disadvantaged neighborhood. Equity and Excellence in Education, 40, 166-176.
- Student Horizons, Inc. (2008). Guide to service-learning colleges and universities.
- Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt. Toole, J. and Toole, P. (1995). Reflection a s a tool for turning service experiences into learning experiences. In C. Kinsley and K. McPherson (Eds.), Enriching the curriculum through service-learning (pp. 99-114). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
- Wade, R. C. (1997). Community service-learning: A guide to including service in the public school curriculum. Albany: State University of New York Press.
- Wade, R. C., Anderson, J. B., Yarbrough, D. B., Pickeral, T., Erickson, J. B. and Kromer, T. (1999). Novice teachers’ experiences of community service-learning.
- Teaching and Teacher Education, 15: 667-684. Wade, R. C. (2007). Community action rooted in history: The civiconnections model of service-learning. Silver Spring, MD: National Council for the Social Studies.
- Wolf, A. & Laurier, L. (2002). Inquiry, insight and civic engagement: Re-visioning the community-based service-learning project in pre-service literacy methods courses.
Service-Learning Might be the Key: Learning from the Challenges and Implementation Strategies in EFL Teacher Education in Oman
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, - , 01.12.2012
Thuwayba Al Barwani
Abdo Al-mekhlafi
Ramani Perur Nagaratnam
Kaynakça
- Al-Barwani, T., Al-Mekhlafi, A., & Neisler, O. (2010). Addressing the challenges of cross-cultural understanding through service learning in higher education: The Oman experience. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 9(3), pp.179-192
- Al-Barwani, T., Van Nuland, S. & Al-Mekhlafi, A. (2011). Implementing servicelearning in pre-service teacher education: Challenges and strategies for success in
- Oman and Canada. In O'Meara, J. & Spittle, M. (Eds.). Internationalizing education: Global perspectives on collaboration and change. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Allam, C. (1993). The case for integrating service-learning into teacher preparation programs. The Generator, 13(1), 11-13.
- Anderson, J. B. (1998). Service-learning and teacher education. ERIC Digest 97-1.
- Washington, DC: ERIC Clearinghouse on Teaching and Teacher Education. Anderson, J. & Pickeral, T. (1999). Challenges and strategies for success with servicelearning in pre-service teacher education. Washington, DC: Corporation for National Service.
- Billig, S. H. (2000). The effects of service-learning. School Administrator, 57(7), 14
- Billig, S. H. (2004). Heads, hearts, and hands: The research on K-12 service learning.
- Growing to greatness 2004. St. Paul: National Youth Leadership Council.
- Boyte, H. & Hollander, E. (1999). The Wingspread declaration on the civic responsibilities of research universities. Providence, RI: Campus Compact.
- California Department of Education, The. (1999). Service-learning: Linking classrooms and communities: The report of the superintendent’s service-learning task force.
- Sacramento, CA: Author. Campus Compact. (1999). Higher education in service to the nation. Providence, RI: Campus.
- Corporation for National Service. (1993). The national and community service trust act of 19 Washington, DC: Corporation for National Service.
- Corporation for National and Community Service. (2007). The impact of servicelearning: A review of current research. Retrieved from http://www.learnandserve.org/pdf/07_0224_issuebrief_servicelearning.pdf
- Covitt, B. A. (2002). Motivating environmentally responsible behavior through servicelearning. In A. Furco & S. Billig (Eds.), Service-learning: The essence of the pedagogy
- (pp.177-197). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing. Daniels, K. N., Patterson, G. and Dunston, Y. (2010). Rules of engagement: A service learning pedagogy for pre-service teacher education. Journal for Civic Commitment, 15, 1-16.
- Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and education: An introduction to philosophy of education. New York: The Free Press.
- Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. New York: Collier Books.
- Erickson, J. A. and Anderson, J. B. (Eds.) (1997). Learning with the community: Concepts and models for service-learning in teacher education. Washington, DC: American Association for Higher Education.
- Eyler, J. and Giles, D. E. Jr. (1999). Where’s the learning in service-learning? San
- Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Fiske, E. B. (2001). Learning in deed: The power of service-learning for American schools. Battle Creek, MI: W. K. Kellog Foundation.
- Furco, A. (1996). Service-learning: A balanced approach to experiential education. In
- Corporation for National Service (Ed.). Expanding boundaries: Serving and learning, pp.2- Washington, DC: Corporation for National Service. Giles, D. and Eyler, J. (1994). The theoretical roots of service-learning in John Dewey: Toward a theory of service-learning. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 1, 77-85.
- Griffiths, M. (2003). Action for social justice in education: Fairly different.
- Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press. Jacoby, B. (1996). Service-learning in higher education: Concepts and practices. In B.
- Jacoby and Associates (Eds.). Service-learning in today’s higher education, pp.3-25. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Johnson, L. R., Johnson-Pynn, J. S. & Pynn, T. M. (2007). Youth civic engagement in
- China: Results from a program promoting environmental activism. Journal of Adolescent Research, 22(4), pp.355-386. Kelshaw, T., Lazarus, F., Minier, J. and Associates (Eds.) (2009). Partnership for service-learning: Impacts on students and communities. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Learn and Serve Clearinghouse (2010). http://www.servicelearning.org
- Leeward Community College. (1997). Leeward Community College’s ServiceLearning Collegium.
- Leeward Community College. (2009). Leeward Community College service-learning program. Retrieved October 4, 2009 from http://emedia.leeward.hawaii.edu/servicelearning/
- Lisman, C. D. (1998). Toward a civil society: Civic literacy and service-learning.
- Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey. Miller, K., Dunlap, C. & Gonzalez, A. (2007). The impact of a freshman year community-based service-learning experience on the achievement of standards articulated for teacher candidates. The School Community Journal 17(2), 111-121.
- Neal, M. (2003). Service-learning in K-12 education. Growing to greatness 2003. St.
- Paul: National Youth Leadership Council. Novak, J., Murray, M., Scheuermann, A. & Curran, E. (2009). Enhancing the preparation of special education through service-learning: Evidence from two preservice courses. International Journal of Special Education, 24(1), 32-44.
- Ramaley, J. A. (2000). The perspective of a comprehensive university. In T. Ehrlich
- (Ed.). Civic responsibility and higher education, pp.227-248. Phoenix: Oryx. Rhoads, R. A. (1998). In the service of citizenship: A study of student involvement in community service. Journal of Higher Education, 69: 277-298.
- RMC Research Corporation. (2008). Standards and indicators for effective servicelearning practice. Scotts Valley, CA: National Service-Learning Clearinghouse.
- Root, S., Callahan, J. and Sepanski, J. (2002). Building teacher dispositions and service-learning practice: A multi-site study. Michigan Journal of Service-Learning, 7: 142-1
- Schultz, B. (2007). Not satisfied with stupid band-aids: A portrait of a justice-oriented, democratic curriculum serving a disadvantaged neighborhood. Equity and Excellence in Education, 40, 166-176.
- Student Horizons, Inc. (2008). Guide to service-learning colleges and universities.
- Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt. Toole, J. and Toole, P. (1995). Reflection a s a tool for turning service experiences into learning experiences. In C. Kinsley and K. McPherson (Eds.), Enriching the curriculum through service-learning (pp. 99-114). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
- Wade, R. C. (1997). Community service-learning: A guide to including service in the public school curriculum. Albany: State University of New York Press.
- Wade, R. C., Anderson, J. B., Yarbrough, D. B., Pickeral, T., Erickson, J. B. and Kromer, T. (1999). Novice teachers’ experiences of community service-learning.
- Teaching and Teacher Education, 15: 667-684. Wade, R. C. (2007). Community action rooted in history: The civiconnections model of service-learning. Silver Spring, MD: National Council for the Social Studies.
- Wolf, A. & Laurier, L. (2002). Inquiry, insight and civic engagement: Re-visioning the community-based service-learning project in pre-service literacy methods courses.