Sources and Toxicity Effects of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Water Resources and Sediments

Öz

PAHs are semi-volatile organic compounds containing two or more aromatic rings. PAH concentrations and their effects on aquatic environments are among the issues that have been emphasized in recent years. Sediments are one of the most important PAH reservoirs in the aquatic environment. Therefore, sediments are frequently used in the evaluation of water quality pollution of aquatic ecosystems. PAHs can reach receiving environments from various sources and are formed due to incomplete combustion of organic compounds. PAHs have harmful effects on the environment and human health and with industrial development, there have been significant increases in PAH concentrations in the natural environment. Due to the intense urbanization and industrialization in industrial-dense basins, PAH amounts are expected to be high. The monitoring of 16 priority PAH species determined by the USEPA in water resources and sediments, and the determination of the concentrations of PAHs in water and sediments are very important in terms of revealing the PAH-toxicity relationship. In this study, the studies in the literature are compiled and the results of the studies conducted in the world on this subject are revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Environmental effect
• polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
• sediment
• toxicity

Su Kaynakları ve Sedimentlerde Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbonların (PAH) Kaynakları ve Toksik Etkileri

Öz

PAH’lar, iki veya daha fazla aromatik halkayı bünyesinde bulunduran, yarı uçucu organik bileşiklerdir. Su ortamlarında PAH konsantrasyonları ve etkileri son yıllarda üzerinde önemle durulan konuların başında gelmektedir. Sedimentler, su ortamındaki en önemli PAH rezervuarlarındandır. Bu nedenle sedimentler, sucul ekosistemlerinin su kalitesinin kirliliklerinin değerlendirmesinde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. PAH’lar organik bileşiklerin tam yanmamasından dolayı oluşmakta ve çeşitli kaynaklardan alıcı ortamlara ulaşabilmektedirler. PAH’lar çevre ve insan sağlığı açısından zararlı etkilere sahiptir ve endüstriyel gelişme ile doğal ortamlardaki PAH konsantrasyonlarında önemli artışlar olmuştur. Sanayi-yoğun havzalarda kentleşme ve endüstrileşmeden dolayı PAH miktarlarının yüksek olması beklenmektedir. Amerikan Çevre Koruma Ajansı (USEPA) tarafından belirlenen 16 öncelikli PAH türünün su kaynaklarında ve sedimentlerde izlenmesi, PAH’ların su ve sedimentlerdeki konsantrasyonlarının belirlenmesi ve PAH-toksisite ilişkisini ortaya konması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada literatürdeki çalışmalar derlenerek dünyada bu konuda yapılmış çalışmaların sonuçları ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevresel etki
• polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar (PAH’lar)
• sediment
• toksisite.

Kaynakça

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