Ribes Orientale Bitkisi Meyvelerinin Fenolik Kompozisyonu, Toplam Fenolik Madde Miktarı, Antioksidan Kapasiteleri ve Bazı Fizikokimyasal Özellikleri

Yıl 2022, , 72 - 75, 07.05.2022

Bayram Yurt , Lütfi Behçet , Nurullah Demir , Muhammed Said Yolci

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1051780

Öz

Bu çalışma Bitlis ili sınırları içerisinde yer alan 2500 rakımlı Süphan Dağından toplanan Ribes Orientale bitkisinin yabani meyvelerinin fenolik kompozisyonu, toplam fenolik madde miktarı, antioksidan kapasiteleri ve bazı fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Ribes orientale türünün yabani meyvelerinin nem miktarı % 71.90 ± 2.49, kuru madde miktarı % 28.10 ± 2.49, su aktivitesi(aw) 0.953 ± 0.001, Suda çözünen kuru madde miktarı (Briks) 7.33 ± 0.51, pH 1.306 ± 0.179, Titrasyon asitliği 4.22 ± 0.94 (g sitrik asit / 100g), Yüzey rengi değerleri L* 60.30 ± 1.53, a* 13.80 ± 1.53, b* 8.07 ± 1.92, C* 16.07 ± 1.85 ve h° 30.06 ± 5.87, Toplam fenolik madde miktarı 16.81 ± 1.17 (mg G.A.E./ 100g kuru ağırlık) ve Antioksidan kapasitelerini gösteren ABTS değerleri 562.42 ± 57.99 (µmol T.E. / 100g kuru ağırlık) ve DPPH değerleri 772.80 ± 63.09 (µmol T.E. / 100g kuru ağırlık), Fenolik bileşikler µg/g oarak; Gallik asit 10.87±10.26, Protocatechuic asit 39.98±6.99, 4-dihydroxy benzoik asit 47.37±4.05, Syringik asit 31.78±6.57, Rutin 127.29±46.92, Quercetin-3-O-glucoside 112.29±13.64, Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside 23.42 ±1.42 ve Quercetin 23.43±1.42 düzeyinde bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ribes orientale, Fizikokimyasal özellik, Fenolik bileşikler, Antioksidan

Phenolic Composition, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Capacities and Some Physicochemical Features of Ribes orientale Plant Fruits

Öz

This study was carried out to determine the phenolic composition, total phenolic substance content, antioxidant capacity and some physicochemical properties of the wild fruits of Ribes Orientale plant collected from Süphan Mountain at an altitude of 2500meters, located in the province of Bitlis /Turkey. As a result of this study, Ribes oriantales, analysis mean values were found as the following; moisture content 71.90 % ± 2.49, dry matter 28.10% ± 2.49, water activity (aw) 0.953 ± 0.001, water soluble solids content(Brix) 7.33 ± 0.51, pH 1.306 ± 0.179, titratable acidity 4.22 ± 0.94 (g citric acid / 100g), surface color values L* 60.30 ± 1.53, a* 13.80 ± 1.53, b* 8.07 ± 1.92, C* 16.07 ± 1.85 and h° 30.06 ± 5.87, Total amount of phenolic substance 16.81 ± 1.17 (mg G.A.E./ 100g dry matter), showing antioxidant capacities, ABTS values 562.42 ± 57.99 (µmol T.E. / 100g dry matter) and DPPH values 772.80 ± 63.09 (µmol T.E. / 100g dry matter), Phenolic compounds in µg/g ; Gallic acid 10.87±10.26, Protocatechuic acid 39.98±6.99, 4-dihydroxy benzoic acid 47.37±4.05, Syringic acid 31.78±6.57, Rutin 127.29±46.92, Quercetin-3-O-glucoside 112.29±13.64, Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside 23.42 ±1.42 and Quercetin 23.43±1.42.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ribes orientale, Physicochemical properties, Antioxidant, Phenolic compounds

Kaynakça

• Anonymous. (2021). http://www.theplantlist.org/ .Erişim Tarihi: 26/10/2021.
• Baytop, T. (1994) Türkçe Bitki Adlari Sözlügü.(Dictionary of Turkish Plant Names). Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayinlari, Ankara.
• Baytop, T., (1999). Turkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, Gecmiste ve Bugun (İlaveli ikinci baskı). Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul.
• Cemeroğlu, B. (2010). Gıda analizleri. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları, No:34. 657s.
• Chamberlain, D.F. (1972). Ribes L. in: Davis PH (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 4, pp. 261-263. Edinburgh; Edinburgh University Press.
• Cyboran, S., Bonarska-Kujawa, D., Pruchnik, H., Zyłka, R., Oszmianski, J., Kleszczynska, H. (2014). Phenolic content and biological activity of extracts of blackcurrant fruit and leaves. Food Res. Int. 65, 47–58.
• Efe R. (2010). Biocoğrafya. Marmara Kitap Merkezi Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti. No: 16215. Bursa.
• Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M. T. (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul, Türkiye: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını.
• Heywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., Culham, A., Seberg, O.(2007). Flowering plantfamilies of theworld. FireflyBooksPress, Ontario, pp. 160.
• Karabulut, H., & Gülay, M. Ş. (2016). Serbest radikaller. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 4(1).
• Karabulut, İ., Bilenler, T., Sislioglu, K., Gökbulut, İ., Özdemir,İ.S., Seyhan, F., Özturk, K. Chemical composition of apricots affected by fruit size and drying methods, Drying Technology, 2018. 36:16, 1937-1948.
• Karakaya S., El, S., Tas, A.A. Antioxidant activity of some foods containing phenolic compounds. 2001. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition; 52: 501-508
• Kendir, G., Koroğlu, A. In vitro antioxidant effect of the leaf and branch extracts of Ribes L. species in Turkey. 2015. Int. J. Pharma Sci. Res. 2, 108.
• Kendir, G., Guvenc, A., Ozkan, S., Ozgen Ozgacar, S., Karaoğlu, T., Gargari, S. (2016). Evaluation of antiviral and antimicrobial activities of Ribes species growing in Turkey. Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature 6 (2), 136–149.
• Kılıc, C.S., Koyuncu, M., Ozek, T., Başer, K.H.C. (2008). Essential oil of the leaves of Ribes nigrum L. from Turkey. J. Essent. Oil Res. 20, 512–514.
• Kopáni M, Celec P, Danisovic L, Michalka P, Biró C. (2006). Oxidative stress and electron spin resonance. Clin Chim Acta; 364: 61-66. 2.
• Lasserre, B., Kaiser, R., Huu-Chanf, P., Ifansyaf, N., Gleye, J., Moulis, C. (1983). Effects on rats of aqueous extracts of plants used in folk medicine as antihypertensive agents. Naturwissenschaften 70, 95–96.
• Özgen, M., Serçe, S., Kaya, K. (2009). Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich Morus Nigra and Morus Rubra fruits.. Scientia horticulturae,119: 275-279
• Šavikin, K., Zdunić, G., Janković, T., Gođevac, D. Stanojković, T., Pljevljakušić, D. (2014) Berry fruit teas: Phenolic composition and cytotoxic activity. Food Research International, 62 (2014) 677–683.
• Sasaki, T., Li, W., Zaike, S., Asada, Y., Li, Q., Ma, F., Zhang, Q., Koike, K., (2013).Antioxidant lignoids from leaves of Ribes nigrum. Phytochemistry 95, 333–340.
• Shinde A, Ganu J, Naik P. (2012). Effect of free radicals & Antioxidants on oxidative stress: A review. J Dental Allied Sciences. 1(2), 63-66.
• Tabart, J., Kevers, C., Evers, D., Dommes, J. (2011). Ascorbic acid, phenolic acid, flavonoidand carotenoid profiles of selected extracts from Ribes nigrum. J. Agric. Food Chem.59 (9), 4763–4770.
• Tabart, J., Franck, T., Kevers, C., Pincemail, J., Serteyn, D., Defraigne, J.-O., Dommes, J. (2012). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Ribes nigrum extracts. Food Chem. 131, 1116–1122.
• Tutin GT, Heywood vH, Burges NA, More DM, valentine DH, Walters SM ve Webb DA. (2010). Flora Europaea, vols. 1-5, Second Edition, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
• Uttra, A.M, Shahzad, M. Shabbir, A. , Jahan, S., Bukhari I.A., Assiri, A.M. 2019.Journal of ethnopharmacology 237, 92-107
• Weigend, Maximilian; Mohr, Oliver; Motley, Timothy J. (2002). "Phylogeny and classification of the genus Ribes (Grossulariaceae) based on 5S-NTS sequences and morphological and anatomical data". Botanische Jahrbücher. 124 (2): 163–182.
• Wu, X., Gu, L. Prior, R.L., Mckay, S. J. (2004). Characterization of Anthocyanins and Proanthocyanidins in Some Cultivars of Ribes, Aronia, and Sambucus and Their Antioxidant Capacity.. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 7846−7856.
• Yurt, B. Behçet, L., Demir, N., Hayaloğlu, A.A. (2021). Lokal endemik Ribes anatolıca Behçet (grossularıaceae) meyvelerinin bazı fizikokimyasal özellikleri, toplam fenolik madde miktarı, antioksidan kapasiteleri ve fenolik kompozisyonunun belirlenmesi. ADYU Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi (8): 277-282.