Data Hiding Based on Frequency Domain Image Steganography

Abstract

The rapid development in the field of communication and technology has led to a heavy increase in the data produced in digital environment, and the need to take various active security measures has arisen in the case of robust secured data and end-to-end transmission. In line with this need, widely used methods developed are Cryptography which scrambles the data to secure the information, and Steganography techniques aiming to conceal data in digital objects so third parties cannot detect the transmitted content. Image steganography techniques can be divided into two groups: spatial domain and transform domain. Spatial domain techniques embed messages directly in the intensity of the pixels, while the transform domains also known as frequency domain images are first transformed and then the message is embedded in the image. Many practices have been offered and developed in the literature to provide secure transmission of the data. In this paper, data-hiding techniques based on frequency domain image steganography has proposed. Among these techniques, the working principle of DFT has been explained, DCT and DWT techniques performed to embed and extract secret data. As a result of the proposed methods, it has been achieved to obtain the maximum data embedding capacity inthe cover image by minimizing the distortion in the stego image. It has been observed that the size and quality of the JPEG stego images have been obtained without deterioration after the data is hidden. The experimental results show successful extraction of the accurate secret message. Some good PSNR of ≈50 dB and SSIM results of the proposed methods can represent successful restoration for the same image.

Keywords

• Information Security
• DCT
• DWT
• DFT
• Frequency Domain
• Data Hiding

Frekans Alanı Görüntü Steganografisine Dayalı Veri Gizleme

Öz

Internet ortamında, sağlam ve güvenli veri aktarımı söz konusu olduğunda, çeşitli aktif güvenlik önlemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu ihtiyaç doğrultusunda yaygın olarak, şifreleme ve veri gizleme teknikleri kullanılır. Şifreleme veriyi anlaşılmayacak şekilde karıştırırken, veri gizleme ise verinin varlığını anlaşılmayacak şekilde gizlemektir. Veri gizleme işleminde görüntülere veri gizlenmesi, Görüntü Steganografisi olarak bilinir. Görüntü steganografinde kullanılan teknikler uzamsal alan ve dönüşüm alanı iki grupta incelenir. Uzamsal alan teknikleri, gizlenecek bilgileri doğrudan piksellere yerleştirirken, frekans alan tekniklerinde dönüşüm işlemi gerçekleştirilir ve bilgi gizlemesi yapılır. Makalede, frekans dönüşüm alanına dayalı veri gizleme teknikleri kullanılmaktadır. Gizli verileri gömmek ve çıkarmak için DCT ve DWT teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Önerilen yöntemler sonucunda stego görüntüdeki bozulmayı en aza indirerek kapak görüntüsünde maksimum veri gömme kapasitesi elde edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlar, gizli bilginin başarılı bir şekilde doğru olarak çıkarıldığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca önerilen yöntemlerin PSNR değeri ortalama 50 dB’in üzerinde olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilgi Güvenliği
• DCT
• DWT
• DFT
• Frekans Uzayı
• Veri Gizleme.

Kaynakça

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