Yaya Dostu Araç Tampon Tasarımı

Öz

Araç-yaya kazalarında yüksek yaralanma ve hatta ölüm riskleri göz önüne alındığında, yayalar araç pasif güvenliği kapsamında savunmasız kullanıcılar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu kapsamda, otomobil üreticileri, özellikle son yirmi yılda, araçta bulunanların ve yayaların yaralanmasını (ve buna bağlı ölümleri) en aza indirmek maksadı ile ürünlerine birçok yeni özellik dâhil etmişlerdir. Yine de, her yıl yüzbinlerce insan trafik kazaları neticesinde hayatını kaybetmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle, yaya yaralanmaları (ve güvenliği) konusu küresel çapta yankı uyandıran bir güvenlik sorunu haline gelmiş ve yaya dostu araç tasarımlarına olan ilgi (farkındalık) de artmıştır. Otomobil araç tampon sistemi, çarpışmanın ürettiği darbe enerjisini emmeyi ve bir dereceye kadar yolcuyu, yayayı ve araç gövdesini korumayı amaçlayan kritik bir araç bileşendir. Bu çalışmada, otomobil araç tampon tasarımının yaya güvenliği üzerindeki etkisini daha iyi anlamak için sistematik bir literatür taraması yaklaşımından faydalanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, tasarımın, malzeme seçiminin ve geometri değişikliklerinin araç tampon sisteminin performansı üzerindeki etkisi yaya güvenliği dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. Yaya dostu araç tampon tasarımlarında kullanılan güncel yaklaşımlar ortaya koyulmuş ve tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otomobil
• Tampon
• Yaya Güvenliği
• Yaralanma
• Sonlu Elemanlar.
• Automotive
• Bumper
• Pedestrian Safety
• Injury
• Finite Element.

Pedestrian-Friendly Vehicle Bumper Design

Abstract

Pedestrians are considered vulnerable users, considering their high risk of injury or even fatality in car-to-pedestrian accidents. The post-accident injuries may lead to long-term hospitalizations and deprivation of daily activities. In this regard, car manufacturers have incorporated several new features into their products in order to minimize injury (and associated fatalities) to vehicle occupants and pedestrians, especially in the last two decades. Yet hundreds of thousands of people have died on roadways each year. From this standpoint, pedestrian injuries have become a globally recognized safety concern; hence the interest (and awareness) in pedestrian- friendly vehicle designs has increased. The automobile vehicle bumper system aims to absorb the impact energy produced by the collision and, to some extent, preserve the occupant, pedestrian, and car body. So far, the researchers have performed extensive studies in order to address the relationship between vehicle design and pedestrian safety based on numerical simulations, accident data, and crash tests. In order to better understand the influence of vehicle bumper design on pedestrian safety, the present study adopted a systematic literature review approach. It aimed to help gain better insights regarding the effects of design, material selection, and geometrical modifications on the performance of the bumper system, considering pedestrian safety. The current trends in designing pedestrian-friendly vehicle bumper designs were identified and discussed.

Keywords

• Automotive
• Bumper
• Pedestrian Safety
• Injury
• Finite Element.

Kaynakça

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