The Effect of Microbial Fertilization and Phosphorus Doses on the Chlorophyll Content of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Abstract

In this study, the effect of microbial fertilization and P2O5 doses on the chlorophyll content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) leaf was determined by using chlorophyll meter. The research was conducted during sesame vegetation period in 2018 under Konya ecological conditions located in the central part of Turkey showing semiarid property. The sesame leaf chlorophyll content values were measured between the periods of flowering to harvest during the growing period of sesame. In this study, the vegetation period of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) was determined as 113 days. The average time to the first capsule formation was calculated as 45 days in the parcels with microbial fertilization and 47 days in the other parcels. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that microbial fertilizer application and increasing P2O5 amounts in the soil increased the chlorophyll content in the sesame. During microbial fertilization capsule formation period, it was found that the chlorophyll content of sesame leaves increases faster.

Keywords

• Chlorophyll
• Semiarid
• Sesame

Mikrobiyal Gübreleme ve Farklı Fosfor Dozlarının Susamın Klorofil İçeriğine Etkisi

Öz

Bu araştırmada, mikrobiyal gübreleme ve P2O5 dozlarının Susamın (Sesamum indicum L.) yaprak klorofil içeriği üzerine etkisi, klorofilmetre SPAD-502 cihazı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma 2018’de semiarid özellik gösteren Türkiyenin orta kısımlarında yer alan Konya ekolojik koşullarında susam vejetasyon döneminde yürütülmüştür. Susamın yetişme döneminde çiceklenmeden hasata kadar olan sürede yaprak klorofil içeriği değerleri ölçülmüştür. Bu çalışmada Susamın (Sesamum indicum L.) vejetasyon süresi 113 gün olarak tespit edilmiştir. Mikrobiyal gübreleme yapılan parsellerde ilk kapsül oluşumuna kadar geçen süre ortalama 45 gün, diğer parsellerde ise 47 gün olarak hesap edilmiştir. Deneme sonucunda toprakta mikrobiyal gübre uygulaması ve artan P2O5 miktarlarının susamda klorofil içeriğini artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Mikrobiyal gübreleme kapsül oluşum döneminde susam yapraklarının klorofil içeriğini daha hızlı artırdığı ölçülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Klorofil
• Semi Arid
• Susam

Kaynakça

1. Anonymous 2018. FAOSTAT. 2018. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC
2. Arıoğlu, H.H., 2007. Oil Crops Cultivation and Breeding, Cukurova University General Publication No: 220, Text Books Publication No: A-70, 204, Adana.
3. Curran, P.J., J.L. Dungan, and H.L. Gholz. 1990. Exploring the relationship between reflectance red edge and Chl content in slash pine. Tree Physiol. 7:33–48.
4. Celebi, M., Tulukcu, E., Saglam, C. 2011. " Determination of Some Properties of the Soils of Akoren District by Soil Analysis "2. International 6. National Vocational Schools Symposium. 182-186 pp., Kuşadası / Aydın / Turkey,
5. Harley J L, Smith HSE (1983). Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Academic Press Inc. London and New-York. 483p.
6. Harman GE, Howell CR, Voterbo A, Chet I, Lordto M (2004). Trichoderma Species: opportunistic, a virulent plant symbionts. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2: 43-56.
7. Harman GE (2006). Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology 96: 190-194.
8. Hendry, G.A.F., J.D. Houghton, and S.B. Brown. 1987. The degradation of chlorophyll-A biological enigma. New Phytol. 107:255–302.

9. Inbar J, Abramsky M, Cohen D, Chet I (1994). Plant growth enhancement and disease control by Trichoderma harzianum in vegetable seedlings grown under commercial conditions. European J. Pl. Pathol. 100: 337-346.
10. Mahmood MN (2015). Effects of different doses of biofungucide and its doses on seedling properties applied to seeds of grape varieties grafted on 110R rootstocks. Master's Degree, Namık Kemal University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Tekirdağ. whereas in 146.i Nayar, N.M., 1984. Evolution of crop plants. In: N.W. Simmonds (Editor). Longman, pp. 231-233, London.
11. Saharan B S, Nehra V (2011). Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria: A critical review. Life Sci Med Res. 2011: 1-30.
12. Sylvia DM, Williams SE (1992). Vesicular-arbuscular mycorhizae and environmental stress. mycorrhizae in sustainable agriculture Eds: GJ Bethlenfalway, RG Linderman. ASA Special Publication, Madison, Wisconsin, pp: 101-124.
13. Sylvia D M. (1999). Fundamentals and applications of arbuscular mycorrhizae: A biofertilizer perspective. pp. 705-723. In Soil Fertility, Biology, and Plant Nutrition Interrelationships. J.O. Siqueira et al. (eds.). Viçosa: SBCS, Lavras: UFLA/DCS.
14. Tulukcu E. 2013. “Some Medical Plants cotyledon chlorophyll content of leaves "10.Tarl Crops Congress Konya / Turkey
15. Tulukcu E. 2013. “Traditional Production Of Tahini And Sesame Cultivation In Konya” The 2nd Traditional Foods From Adriatic to Caucasus. TFP 1803, ISBN: 978-605-4265-25-1 470 pp., Ohrid– Struga/Macedonia.
16. Wang, C.L., 1989. Effects of endomycorrhizae on the growth and yield of adzuki bean (Phaseolusangularis). Journal of the Agricultural Association of China, New series, 148: 67-80.
17. Wang, C.L., 1998. Response of phaseolus angularis weight.Inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress. Journal of the Agricultural Association of China, New series,181: 92-101.
18. Yedidia I, Srivastva AK, Kapulnik Y, Chet I (2001). Effect of Trichoderma harzianum on microelement concentrations and increased growth of cucumber plants.Plant Soil. 235: 235-242.
19. Yılmaz, A., Boydak, E., Beyyavaş, V., Cevheri, İ., Haliloğlu, H., Güneş, A., 2005. Second Crop Ecology in Sanliurfa Some Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Varieties and Lines Grown Up Investigation of Facilities, Turkey vı.tarlabitkilerikongre, Volume I, p. 425- 429, Antalya.
20. Yonsel S, Batum MS (2007). Microbial Fertilizers. http://www.simbiyotek.com/Mikrobiyal_ Gubreler_yonsel.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2015).