Rhodosporidium toruloides Y27012 mayasından lipit ve karotenoidlerin biyoteknolojik yolla üretimi

Öz

Mikrobiyal yağlar, çeşitli mikroorganizmalar tarafından üretilen lipitlerdir. Biyokütlelerinin % 20’sinden daha fazla lipit üretebilme kapasitesine sahip mikroorganizmalara “oleosus mikroorganizmalar” adı verilmektedir. Bakteri, maya, küf ve algleri içerebilen bu oleosus mikroorganizmalar, sekonder metabolik büyüme sırasında Tek Hücre Yağı (THY) depolayabilmektedir. Rhodosporidium toruloides Y27012, farklı karbon ve azot kaynaklarını kullanarak hem lipitleri hem de karotenoidleri üretebilen kırmızı renge sahip oleosus bir mayadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı azot ve karbon kaynakları, farklı Karbon / Azot (K / A) oranları ve bazı katkı maddelerinin R. toruloides Y27012 mayasının gelişimi, lipit ve karotenoid üretimi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Maksimum biyokütle, lipit ve karotenoid verimi, azot ve karbon kaynakları olarak sırasıyla maya ekstraktı ve glukoz kullanıldığında elde edilmiştir. En yüksek biyokütle ve lipit değerleri (53.41 ± 0.93 g / L, % 49.83 ± 2.53) K / A oranı 60 olduğunda, maksimum karotenoid miktarı (1001.51 ± 17.87 ug / g) ise yüksek azot oranında (K / A= 20) elde edilmiştir. Test edilen katkı maddeleri arasında, 10 g / L'deki etanol, kontrol numunesi 1001.51 ± 17.87 ug / g olan karotenoid verimini, 1732.17 ± 39.45 ug / g değerine kadar artırmıştır. Aktivatör olarak 5 g / L'deki asetik asit eklendiğinde biyokütle ve lipit içeriğinin (sırasıyla 41.97 ± 1.02 g / L, % 61.27 ± 1.77 g / L) daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, R. toruloides Y27012 mayasından lipit ve karotenoid üretimi için optimizasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilebilir ve alternatif ucuz karbon ve azot kaynakları olarak tarımsal ve / veya endüstriyel atıklar kullanılarak katma değeri yüksek metabolit üretimi için fermantasyon maliyeti de azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rhodosporidium toruloides,tek hücre yağı,karotenoid,lipit birikimi

Biotechnological production of lipids and carotenoids from Rhodosporidium toruloides Y27012

Abstract

Microbial oils are lipids formed by various microorganisms. Microorganisms that are able to accumulate lipids more than 20% of their biomass are named as “oleaginous microorganisms”. These oleaginous microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, moulds, and algae are able to accumulate SCO (Single Cell Oil) during secondary metabolic growth. Rhodosporidium toruloides Y27012 is an oleaginous red yeast, which accumulates both lipids and carotenoids by using different carbon and nitrogen sources. The aim of this present study was to investigate the effects of different nitrogen, carbon sources, C/N (carbon to nitrogen) ratios, and some additives on cell growth, lipid accumulation and carotenoids production by R. toruloides Y27012. The maximum biomass, lipid accumulation and carotenoids yield were observed with yeast extract and glucose when used as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively. R. toruloides Y27012 gave the highest values of both biomass and lipid content (53.41±0.93 g/L, 49.83±2.53 %) at C/N ratio of 60, whereas higher nitrogen levels such as C/N ratio of 20 enhanced the production of carotenoids (1001.51±17.87 µg/g). Among the tested additives, ethanol at 10 g/L increased the carotenoids yield up to 1732.17±39.45 µg/g comparing with the control sample at 1001.51±17.87 µg/g. Biomass and lipid contents were found to be higher when acetic acid at 5 g/L was added as an activator (41.97±1.02 g/L, 61.27%±1.77 g/L, respectively). Furthermore, optimization studies for lipid and carotenoids production from R. toruloides Y27012 could be achieved and also cost of fermentation could be reduced by using agro-industrial wastes as an alternative cheap carbon and nitrogen sources to produce value-added metabolites. 

Keywords

• Rhodosporidiumtoruloides,single cell oil,carotenoids,lipid accumulation,biomass

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