Heyelan Duyarlılık Haritalarının Üretilmesinde Analitik Hiyerarşi Yönteminin Ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinin Kullanımı

Öz

Depremler ve heyelanlar toplum hayatını derinden etkileyen doğal afetlerin başında gelmektedir. Özellikle dağlık bölgelerde meydana gelen heyelanlar, her yıl can kaybına ve hasara sebep olmaktadır. Son yıllarda heyelana duyarlı bölgelerin belirlenmesi çalışmaları oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Heyelan duyarlılık analizlerinin yapılması hem mühendislik projelerinin planlanmasını kolaylaştıracak hem de meydana gelebilecek zararların azaltılmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, İran'ın Ardabil (Erdebil) bölgesindeki Saqezchi'in heyelan duyarlılık haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Heyelan duyarlılık analizinde arazi kullanımı, yağış miktarı, faylara uzaklık, litoloji, akarsu ağlarına uzaklık, yükselti, eğim, bakı ve yola uzaklık parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada heyelan duyarlılık haritası oluşturulurken Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) yöntemi ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılmıştır. Oluşturulan duyarlılık haritaları, “çok yüksek, yüksek, orta, düşük ve çok düşük” duyarlı alanlar olmak üzere 5 grup altında sınıflandırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heyelan,Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri,Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci,Ardabil

The Use of Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information Systems in Production of Landslide Susceptibility Maps

Abstract

Earthquakes and landslides are among the natural disasters that deeply affect social life. Landslide, especially occurs in mountainous areas, causes loss of life and damages every year. Studies to determine landslide sensitive areas have become quite widespread in recent years. Conducting landslide susceptibility analysis will both facilitate the planning of engineering projects and reduce the loss. In this study, landslide susceptibility maps of Saqezchi in Ardabil (Ardebil) region of Iran are created. In landslide susceptibility analysis; land use, rainfall, distance to faults, lithology, distance to river networks, elevation, slope, aspect and distance to road parameters are used. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used while creating landslide susceptibility map. The created sensitivity maps are classified under 5 groups as “very high, high, medium, low and very low” sensitive areas.

Keywords

• Landslide,Geographic Information Systems,Analytical Hierarchy Process,Ardabil

Kaynakça

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