The Effects of Some Vitamins in the Immune System and Covid-19 Treatment

Abstract

World Health Organization (WHO) declared that coronavirus disease causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) and as a global epidemic. Balanced nutrition, which is essential for the prevention and treatment of viral infections, helps to protect the immune system. Some vitamins with anti-inflammatory properties have been shown to play a key role in reducing the risk of infection and supporting the immune system. In this review, the effects of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B12 were investigated to strengthen the immune system and reduce oxidative stress in the treatment of Covid-19. Vitamins A, C, E and B12 have high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity and act as immunomodulators. Many of these can interact with transcription factors such as NF-kB and Nrf2 due to antioxidant effects. In addition, severe infection of the respiratory epithelium can cause ARDS by creating a cytokine storm, which is also seen in patients with Covid-19. Currently, the vaccine that treats Covid-19 disease has not yet been found. Until an effective treatment was found, vitamins with anti-microbial properties were thought to have a potential role in the treatment of Covid-19. However, more data are needed because nutritional data are insufficient in coronavirus infection.

Keywords

• Coronavirus
• Covid-19
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin E
• Vitamin B12

Bazı Vitaminlerin Bağışıklık Sistemi ve Covid-19 Tedavisindeki Etkisi

Öz

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), şiddetli akut solunum sendromuna (ARDS) neden olan koronavirüs hastalığını (Covid-19) küresel bir salgın olarak ilan etmiştir. Bağışıklık sisteminin korunmasına yardımcı olan dengeli beslenme, viral enfeksiyonların önlenmesi ve tedavisi için gereklidir. Enfeksiyon riskini azaltmak ve bağışıklık sistemini desteklemek için anti-inflamatuvar özelliklere sahip bazı vitaminlerin (A, C, E ve B12) anahtar rolleri olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu derlemede, Covid-19 tedavisinde bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirmek ve oksidatif stresi azaltmak için A vitamini, C vitamini, E vitamini ve B12 vitamininin etkilerine bakılmıştır. Yüksek anti-inflamatuvar ve antioksidan kapasiteye sahip ve immünomodülatör olarak görev alan bileşenler arasında A, C, E ve B12 vitamini bulunmaktadır. Bu vitaminlerin, antioksidan etkilere bağlı olarak NF-kB ve Nrf2 gibi transkripsiyon faktörlerle etkileşime girebilmektedir. Ayrıca, solunum epitelyumunun ciddi enfeksiyonu, sitokin fırtınası yaratarak ARDS’ye yol açabilir ve bu durum, Covid-19 hastalarında da görülmektedir. Şu anda, Covid-19 hastalığını tedavi eden aşı henüz bulunmamıştır. Bu salgın süresince, anti-mikrobiyal özelliklere sahip vitaminlerin Covid-19 tedavisinde potansiyel rolü olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Ancak, koronavirüs enfeksiyonunda beslenme ile ilgili veriler yetersiz olduğundan daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Koronavirüs
• Covid-19
• A vitamini
• C vitamini
• E vitamin
• B12 vitamin

Kaynakça

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