Evaluation of the Effects of Vehicle Tire Dusts on Soil Enzyme Activities

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 17, 306 - 314, 31.12.2019

Fatma Olcay Topaç , Damla Aktaş

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.624132

Öz

Environmental pollution from vehicles is a major problem for our
country. Studies have generally focused on particulate matter originating from
the exhaust, and the environmental effects of vehicle tire dusts have been less
emphasized. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the effects of vehicle tires
which are pulverized by the effect of friction and reached to the roadside
soils, on some soil fertility parameters by a laboratory incubation study.
Vehicle tire dust samples were added to the soils with doses of 1%, 5% and 10%
and the samples, taken during the 45 days incubation period, were examined for
the variation in arginine amonification rate, urease and alkaline phosphatase
enzyme activities. In addition, wastewater sludge sample  was added to the soils treated with tire dust
and  the biostimulating  effect of wastewater sludges on these soils
has been evaluated. The results show that the values of urease activity in
soils treated with tire dust decreased significantly (90-95%) with respect to
to the control values. Tire dust application 
at dose of 10% showed an inhibition effect on arginine amonification
rate values in soil (81%). The application of the wastewater  sludge to the tire dust amended soil
significantly increased the activity values. It’s also found that tire dust
didn’t inhibit alkaline phosphatase activity in soils. Accordingly, it is
concluded that the ammonification processes in soil were found to be more
susceptible to pollution from tire dusts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ammonification, Vehicle Tire Dust, Enzyme Activity, Incubation, Soil pollution

Taşıt Lastik Tozlarının Toprak Enzim Aktiviteleri Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Taşıtlardan kaynaklanan çevresel kirlilik
ülkemiz için büyük bir sorun oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar genellikle
egzozdan kaynaklı partikül maddeler üzerine yoğunlaşmış olup taşıt
lastiklerinin sürtünmesiyle oluşan lastik tozlarının çevresel etkileri üzerinde
daha az durulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, sürtünme sonucu toz haline gelerek yol
kenarlarındaki topraklara karışan taşıt lastiklerinin, bazı toprak
verimlilik  parametreleri üzerindeki
etkilerinin laboratuvarda yürütülen bir inkübasyon çalışmasıyla ortaya
konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında topraklara %1, %5 ve %10 oranlarını
sağlayacak miktarlarda taşıt lastiği tozu eklenmiş ve 45 gün süren inkübasyon
süresince alınan örneklerde arginin amonifikasyon hızı ile üreaz ve alkali
fosfataz enzim aktivitelerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca
lastik tozu uygulanmış topraklara atıksu arıtma çamuru ilave edilerek çamurun
bu topraklardaki iyileştirici etkisi de değerlendirilmiştir. İnkübasyon
çalışması sonuçları lastik tozu uygulanan topraklardaki üreaz aktivitesi
değerlerinin kontrol değerlerine göre önemli şekilde (%90-95) düştüğünü
göstermektedir. Benzer şekilde, %10 oranında uygulanan lastik tozları,
topraktaki arginin amonifikasyon hızı değerleri üzerinde inhibisyon etkisi
göstermiştir (%81). Lastik tozu uygulanan topraklara yapılan arıtma çamuru
uygulaması aktivite değerlerini belirgin şekilde yükseltmiştir. Diğer taraftan
çalışmada uygulanan oranlardaki lastik tozunun topraklardaki alkali fosfataz
aktivitesini inhibe etmediği görülmüştür. 
Sonuç olarak yürütülen çalışma ışığında, topraktaki amonifikasyon
proseslerinin taşıt lastik tozlarından kaynaklanan kirliliğe daha duyarlı
olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Taşıt lastik tozu, Amonifikasyon, Enzim aktiviteleri, İnkübasyon, Toprak kirliliği

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