GKYM Üretimi ve CO2 Depolanmasının Sayısal İncelenmesi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 29, 371 - 376, 01.12.2021

Samuel Abubakar Serhat Canbolat

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1017191

Öz

Enerji kaynaklarının azalmasıyla eşzamanlı artan talebi karşılamak için, konvansiyonel olmayan kaynakların ekonomik ve önemli miktarlarda üretilebilmesi, kapsamlı araştırmalara gerek duyulmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışmada kömür yatağı metanı (KYM) üretiminin geliştirilmesi üzerine odaklanılmıştır. KYM ve CO2-GKYM (geliştirilmiş kömür yatağı metanı) üretiminde yer alan mekanizmaları tartışmayı ve CMG-GEM simülasyon programı yardımıyla, KYM'den en iyi üretim yöntemi ile en fazla CO2 (karbondioksit) depolamasını sağlamak için farklı kuyu konfigürasyonlarından yararlanılmıştır. Nijerya, Enugu'daki Onyeama kömür yatağı sahasının özellikleri ile oluşturulan simülasyon modelinde, on değişik senaryo kullanılarak CH4 (metan) üretimi ve CO2 depolaması uygulanmıştır. Bu senaryoların her biri, üretim ve enjeksiyon kuyuları için farklı düzenlemelere ve sayılara sahip olduğundan farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Simülasyonlardan, büyük hacimlerde CO2’i depolarken çok fazla metan üretmenin mümkün olduğu görülmüştür. Onuncu senaryonun üretim ve enjeksiyon kuyuları hem depolama hem de üretim açısından en iyi performansı gösterdiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

KYM, GKYM, CO2 Depolaması, CMG GEM

Numerical Investigation of ECBM Recovery and CO2 Sequestration

Öz

Depleting amounts of conventional resources with simultaneous increasing energy demand necessitates a thorough look into these unconventional resources in an effort to produce them economically and in considerable amounts. In an attempt at finding ways to deploy properly unconventional resources, this study is focused on the development of coal bed methane (CBM). The goal is to discuss the mechanisms involved in CBM and CO2-ECBM (enhanced coal bed methane) production and by performing simulations using CMG-GEM, compare the results from both of these to find the best method of producing from CBM as well as finding out the best well orientation/configuration. The characteristics of the Onyeama coalbed field in Enugu, Nigeria was used to create ten cases to make these comparisons. Each of these cases had different arrangements and numbers for the producer and injector wells and therefore had different results. It was seen from the simulation that it is possible to produce enormous amount of methane (CH4) while sequestering large volumes of carbondioxide (CO2). Analysing the amount of methane that could be produced and the amount of carbon that could be sequestered showed that the tenth case performed best in term of both sequestration and production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CBM, ECBM, CO2 Sequestration, CMG GEM

Kaynakça

• Abu, R. N., Mbanefo, I. O. & Adeloye, O. M. (2016, November). Coalbed Methane Production in Nigeria: Onyeama Coalbed. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 7(11), 377-383
• Awaad, A. H., El-Maraghi, A. M., Gawad, A. A. & El-Banbi, A. H. (2020). Role of Infill Drilling in Increasing Reserves of the Western Desert of Egypt: Case Studies, SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, vol. 23, no. 01, pp. 345-356
• Falode, O. & Alawode, A. (2014). Potentials, Prospects and Challenges of Geologic CO2 Sequestration for Enhanced Coal-bed Methane Recovery in Nigeria . American Journal of Science and Technology, 145-150
• Fatemi, S., Ghotbi, C. & Kharrat, R. (2009). Effect of Wells Arrangement on the Performance of Toe-To-Heel Air Injection. Brazilian Journal of Petroleum and Gas, 3(1), 11-28
• Gluyas, J. & Swarbrick, R. (2013). Petroleum Geoscience. New Jersey, NJ: Blackwell Science Ltd.
• Godee, M., Koperna, G. & Gale, J. (2014). CO2-ECBM: A Review of its Status and Global Potential. Elsevier, 5858-5869
• Guo, R. & Kantzas, A. (2008). The Stress and Gas Adsorptive Effect on Coal Densities in Laboratory CBM/ECBM Processes. Canadian International Petroleum Conference. Alberta: Petroleum Society of Canada. doi:10.2118/2008-142
• Jikich, S. A., Smith, D. H., Sams, W. N. & Bromhal, G. S. (2003). Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) with Carbon Dioxide Sequestration: A Simulation Study of Effects of Injection Strategy and Operational Parameters, in SPE Eastern Regional Meeting, Pennsylvania
• Kovscek, A. R., Tang, G.Q. & Jessen, K. (2005). Laboratory and Simulation Investigation of Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery by Gas Injection. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Texas: Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi:10.2118/95947-MS
• Law, B. & Curtis, J. (2002). Introduction to Unconventional Petroleum Systems. AAPG Bulletin, 86(11), 1851-1852. doi:https://doi.org/10.1306/61EEDDA0-173E-11D7-8645000102C1865D
• Mazumder, S., Jiang, J., Sharma, V. & Sugiarto, I. (2013). Production Data Analysis of CBM Wells in Surat Basin. SPE Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition-Asia Pacific,. Brisbane: Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi:10.2118/167076-MS
• Morad, K. & Tavallali, M. (2011). The Benefits of Reworking Declining CBM Wells, in Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, Alberta
• Penner, E. (2013, August 22). Daily Blog. Retrieved June 24, 2020, from RBN Energy: https://rbnenergy.com/the-truth-is-out-there-unconventional-production-economics-part-1-drilling
• Stevens, S. H., Spector, D., & Riemer, P. (1998). Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery Using CO2 Injection: Worldwide Resource and CO2 Sequestration Potential. SPE International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition. Beijing: Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi:10.2118/48881-MS
• Steyn, J. (2019, June 3). Comparison of Coal-bed Methane to Other Energy Resources. Retrieved June 27, 2020, from OwnerTeamConsultation:https://www.ownerteamconsult.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Insight-Article-062-CBM-compared-to-Other-Energy-Sources.pdf
• Wahid, A., Putra, F. A., Hidaya M. T. & Yusuf, M. (2018). Enhanced Coal Bed Methane (ECBM) Recovery: Optimization of CBM Production using Different Injected Gas Composition and Rate for South Sumatra CBM Field, Indonesia, E3S Web Conf, vol. 67