Dağıtık Üretime Sahip Şebekelerde Yük Karakteristiklerinin Koruma Sistemi Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 33, 236 - 243, 31.01.2022

İbrahim Evkay Mustafa Baysal Uğur Savaş Selamoğulları

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1042351

Öz

Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarının yaygınlaşması ile "Dağıtık Üretim" bir terim olarak elektrik şebekelerinde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Elektrik şebekesine bağlanan Dağıtık Üretim birimleri ile çift yönlü elektrik akışı söz konusudur. Bu nedenle şebekede koruma görevini yönlü elemanlar üstlenmektedir. Dağıtım şebekelerinde ise aşırı akım koruması için Yönlü Aşırı Akım Rölesi kullanılmaktadır. Kullanılan rölelerin sistemin bütününde koordinasyon içinde çalışması, koruma sisteminin etkin şekilde kullanılması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada baralara bağlı olan yük tipleri ile röle koordinasyonu arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Farklı yük dağılımları kullanıldığında seçilen ayar grubuna sistemin nasıl tepki verdiği ve açma sürelerindeki değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada IEEE 14 baralı test sisteminin dağıtım kısmı, test sistemi olarak kullanılmıştır. Ele alınan sistem ETAP (Elektrik Güç Sistemi Analiz Programı) programı ile modellenmiştir ve simüle edilmiştir. Rölelerin koordinasyonu için gerekli olan Zaman Kadranı Ayarı (TDS) değerleri, GAMS (Genel Cebirsel Modelleme Sistemi) aracı ile optimize edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda statik yük yoğunluğu arttıkça toplam röle açma süresinin arttığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yönlü Aşırı Akım Rölesi, Dağıtık Üretim, Statik Yük, Motor Yükü, Zaman Kadranı Ayarı

Investigation of Effect of Load Characteristics on Protection System in Distributed Generation Integrated Networks

Öz

"Distributed Generation" term is being used in electricity networks in response to the widespread use of Renewable Energy Resources in the network. When Distributed Generation units are connected to the electricity grid, the power flow becomes bidirectional. For this reason, directional elements undertake the task of protection in the network. In distribution networks, Directional Overcurrent Relay is used for overcurrent protection. It is important for the effectiveness of the protection system that the relays used work in coordination throughout the system. In this study, the relationship between the load types connected to the busbars and the relay coordination is analyzed. When different load distributions are used, how the system responds to the selected relay setting group and the changes in opening times are examined. In the study, the distribution part of the IEEE 14 busbar test system is used as the test system. The simulation of the system is modeled on ETAP (Electrical Power System Analysis Program). The Time Dial Setting (TDS) values required for the coordination of the relays have been optimized with the GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) tool. As a result of the study, it was seen that the total relay opening time increased as the static load ratio increased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Directional Overcurrent Relay, Distributed Generation, Static Load, Motor Load, Time Dial Setting

Kaynakça

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