Acute and chronic exposure risks of insecticide residues in fresh commodities collected from Bursa (Türkiye) province markets during winter season

Öz

This study shows the findings about pesticide residues and the associated acute and chronic exposure risks of different fresh commodities collected from different markets located in Bursa province (Türkiye) during 2023 winter season. For this purpose, pesticide residue levels of the collected samples were analysed with LC-MS/MS. Highest levels of insecticide and acaricide residues were detected in some lettuce, parsley, dill, carrot, pear, mandarin and banana samples and they were exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL). The acute and the chronic exposures to pesticides were assessed by using the highest and the average redidue levels of each pesticide respectively. Highest acute exposure was calculated as acute reference dose (ARfD) exceedance rate and it was 104.27% for indoxacarb in apples, 107.06% and 137.11% for lambda-cyhalothrin in pears and mandarins, and 158.2% for phosmet in pears. For all commodity types, none of the pesticide residues displayed chronic hazard. When the cumulative long-term exposure evaluated, none of the insecticides was found to be risky for adults. The findings showed that the levels of insecticide residues on lettuce, parsley, dill, carrot, apple, pear, mandarin, orange and banana samples collected from Bursa markets in winter 2023 could not be considered as an important public health risk.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Acute
• chronic
• insecticide residues
• risk assessment

Kış sezonunda Bursa ili (Türkiye) satış noktalarından toplanan farklı taze tüketim ürünlerindeki insektisit kalıntılarının akut ve kronik risk değerlendirmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, 2023 yılı kış sezonunda Bursa ili (Türkiye) yerel satış noktalarından toplanan farklı taze tüketim ürünleri üzerindeki pestisit kalıntıları ve bunların tüketiciler üzerine olan akut ve kronik maruziyet risklerine ait bulguları rapor etmektedir. Bu amaçla toplanan örneklerin LC-MS/MS kullanılarak kalıntı düzeyleri tespit edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, toplanan bazı marul, maydanoz, dereotu, havuç, armut, mandalina ve muz örneklerinde tespit edilen en yüksek insektisit ve akarisit kalıntıları maksimum kalıntı limitlerini (MRL) aşmıştır. Akut ve kronik maruziyetler, pestisitlerin ortalama ve en yüksek kalıntı konsantrasyonları kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. En yüksek akut tehlike, akut referans doz aşımı (ARfD) olarak hesaplanmıştır ve bu değer indoxacarb için elmada %104.27, lambda-cyhalothrin için armut ve mandalinada sırasıyla %107.06 ve %137.11 ve phosmet için armutta %158.2 olarak bulunmuştur. Tüm ürünlerde her bir pestisit kalıntısı için kronik tehlike gözlenmemiştir. Kümülatif uzun süreli maruz kalma değerlendirildiğinde, yetişkinler için hiçbir insektisitin risk oluşturmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, 2023 yılında Bursa pazarlarından toplanan marul, maydanoz, dereotu, havuç, elma, armut, mandalina, portakal ve muz örneklerinde insektisit kalıntılarının görülmesinin büyük bir halk sağlığı riski olarak değerlendirilemeyeceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akut
• kronik
• insektisit kalıntıları
• risk değerlendirmesi

Kaynakça

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