The effect of weed control strategies on Meloidogyne spp. Göldi, 1897 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) and Helicotylenchus spp. Steiner, 1945 (Tylenchida: Hoplolaimidae) in banana under water stress

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different weed control practices on the nematode populations in the banana greenhouse of Alata Horticultural Research Institute, Mersin, Southern Türkiye, during the years 2022-2024. The greenhouse experiment was conducted under two irrigation regimes: Full (100%) and Deficit (50%) irrigation, with a split-plot design and three replications for treatments per irrigation. Weed control treatments, including herbicide combinations pre-planting (indaziflam, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin) and post-planting (glyphosate, diquat), were applied to subplots. Additionally, geotextile mulching and mowing were compared to control plot (weedy) with herbicide combinations. Nematode densities were measured in relation to weed coverage for Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne and total nematodes. Irrigation regimes had no significant effect on weed control but did affect nematode populations, particularly in the second year. Based on weed coverage, herbicide combinations (indaziflam, oxyfluorfen+glyphosate and pendimethalin+glyphosate) were effective in suppressing nematodes during the first 6 months, with diquat herbicide also helping before harvest. Geotextile mulching suppressed weeds and affected nematode populations. The results showed that weed control was more effective in reducing nematode densities in the first year, while in the second year nematode populations differed as a function of weed coverage. This highlights the importance of managing weed hosts to control nematodes in banana production.

Keywords

• Density
• host weeds
• indirect control
• irrigation
• nematodes

Yabancı ot kontrol stratejilerinin su stresi altındaki muzda Meloidogyne spp. Göldi, 1897 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) ve Helicotylenchus spp. Steiner, 1945 (Tylenchida: Hoplolaimidae) üzerine etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, farklı yabancı ot mücadele uygulamalarının 2022-2024 yıllarında Alata Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsü, Türkiye’nin güneyi, Mersin’deki muz serasında nematod popülasyonları üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sera denemesi iki sulama rejimi altında: Tam (%100) ve Kısıtlı (%50) sulama, bölünmüş parsel deneme tasarımında ve her sulamada uygulamalar üç tekerrür olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Dikim öncesi (indaziflam, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin) ve dikim sonrası (glyphosate, diquat) herbisit kombinasyonlarını içeren yabancı ot kontrol uygulamaları alt parsellere uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, jeotekstil malçlama ve biçme, herbisit kombinasyonları ile kontrol parseliyle (yabancı otlu) karşılaştırılmıştır. Nematod yoğunlukları, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne ve toplam nematodlar yabancı ot kaplama alanları ile ilişkili olarak ölçülmüştür. Sulama rejimlerinin yabancı ot kontrolü üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır, ancak özellikle ikinci yılda nematod popülasyonlarını etkilemiştir. Yabancı ot kaplama alanlarına bağlı olarak, herbisit kombinasyonları (indaziflam, oxyfluorfen+glyphosate ve pendimethalin+glyphosate) ilk 6 ay boyunca nematodları baskılamada etkili olmuş, diquat herbisiti de hasattan önce baskılamayı sürdürmüştür. Jeotekstil malçlama yabancı otları baskılamış ve nematod popülasyonlarını etkilemiştir. Sonuçlar, yabancı ot kontrolünün ilk yılda nematod yoğunluklarını azaltmada daha etkili olduğunu, ikinci yılda ise nematod popülasyonlarının yabancı ot kaplama alanına göre farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu durum, muz üretiminde nematodları kontrol etmek için yabancı ot konukçularını yönetmenin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yoğunluk
• konukçu yabancı otlar
• dolaylı mücadele
• sulama
• nematodlar

Kaynakça

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