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Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin

Yıl 2019, , 131 - 142, 01.06.2019

Çetin Mutlu , Ayhan Öğreten Cahit Kaya , Mehmet Mamay

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.528623
Cited By: 7

Öz

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different storage types on the infestation of Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granariumEverts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin in southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. A total 355 various grain storage facilities (metalsilo, concrete wall and basic plasterless) were surveyed in five provinces, (Diyarbakır, Mardin, Şanlıurfa, Adıyaman and Batman) during April-December in 2014-2016 and wheat grain samples were collected. Also, 24 populations of Khapra beetle were collected for bioassay studies. The provinces and storage types significantly influenced the infestation rate of Khapra beetle. The highest infestation of the beetle was recorded in Mardin (77.5%), followed by Şanlıurfa (67.5%). Whereas the lowest infestation observed was in Diyarbakır (43.4%) and Adıyaman (44.1%). For storage types, the highest infestation was observed in basic plasterless storage type (80.0%), while the lowest (27.1%) was noted for storage type of metalsilos. Bioassay studies indicated that Khapra beetle has evolved low resistance to deltamethrin, whereas it was tolerant to malathion. Resistance ratios of the populations exposed to deltamethrin were 4-10.7 times, while the ratios for malathion were 1.32-1.92 times. It is concluded that the higher resistance ratios for deltamethrin were linked to its frequent use compared to malathion.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Infestation insecticide resistance storage types survey Trogoderma granarium

Destekleyen Kurum

General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies

Proje Numarası

TAGEM-BS-13/12-01/03-01

Kaynakça

  • Abbott, W. S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18 (2): 265-267.
  • Ahmad, M., 1994. From the desk of Editor in Chief. Grain Storage Management Newsletter, 1 (1): 1-2.
  • Anonymous, 1978. Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium). USDA Cooperative Plant Pest Report, Abstracted in: CAB Abstracts, 1976-1978.
  • Anonymous, 2008. Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları Cilt-2, Tarım ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Koruma ve Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü, 291s.
  • Banks, H. J., 1977. Distribution and establishment of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae): climatics and others influences. Journal of Stored Product Research, 13: 183-202.
  • Bell, C. H. & S. M. Wilson, 1995. Phosphine tolerance and resistance in Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Journal of Stored Product Research, 31: 199-205.
  • Benhalima, H., M. Q. Chaudhry, K. A. Mills & N. R. Price, 2004. Phosphine resistance in stored-product insects collected from various grain storage facilities in Morocco. Journal of Stored Product Research, 40 (3): 241-249.
  • Burges, D. H., 1962. Diapause, pest status and control of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts. Annals of Applied Biology, 50: 614-617.
  • Busvine, J. R., 1971. A Critical Review of the Techniques for Testing Insecticides. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, London. 345 pp.
  • CABI, 2018. Crop Protection Compendium. CAB International. (Web page: http://www.cabi.org/cpc/search/?q=Khapra) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Champ, B. R. & C. E. Dyte, 1976. Report of the FAO Global Survey of Pesticide Susceptibility of Stored Grain Pests. FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No. 5. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 297 pp.
  • Dörtbudak, N., D. Yılmaz & M. Aydın. 1987. Investigation on the resistance to protective chemical used against granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L) destructive on stored grain in Ankara and Eskişehir, Turkey. Plant Protection Bulletin, 27 (1-2): 101-109.
  • Dyte, C. E. & D. G. Blackman, 1970. The spread of insecticide resistance in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 6 (3): 255-261.
  • Emekçi, M. & A. G. Ferizli, 2000. Current status of stored products protection in Turkey. Integrated Protection of Stored Products, IOBC Bulletin, 23 (10): 39-46.
  • Erakay, S., 1974. Ege Bölgesi’nde Un ve Undan Mamul Maddelerde Bulunan Zararlı Böcekler Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı, Zirai Mücadele ve Zirai Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü, İstiklal Matbaası, İzmir, 60s.
  • Ergül, C., N. Dörtbudak & A. Akülke, 1972. Investigations on the insect of stored grain, grain products and Leguminosae in the east and south part of Turkey. Plant Protection Bulletin, 12 (2): 129-143.
  • EPPO, 2005. Trogoderma granarium. Distribution Maps of Quarantine Pests for Europe. (Web page: http://www.gd.eppo.int/taxon/TROGGA/documents) (Date accessed: December 2019).
  • EPPO, 2007. EPPO Standards: EPPO A1 and A2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests. PM 1/2 (16). European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization 1, rue Le Notre, 75016 Paris, France.
  • Fidan, U. & S. Satuk, 2011. Designing of silo automation control system with fuzzy logic controller. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering, 11: 1-14. (In Turkish).
  • Finney, D. J., 1971. Probit Analysis: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 3rd Edition.
  • Fragoso, D. B., R. N. C. Guedes & S. T. Rezende, 2003. Glutathione-S-transferase detoxification as a potential pyrethroid resistance mechanism in the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 109: 21-29.
  • French, S. & R. C. Venette, 2005. Mini risk assessment Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium. (Web page: http://www.citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.595.4233&rep=rep1&type=pdf) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Hafiz, A., T. Riaz & F. R. Shakoori, 2017. Metabolic profile of a stored grain pest Trogoderma granarium exposed to deltamethrin. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49: 8-12.
  • Hafiz, A., T. Riaz & F. R. Shakoori, 2018. Deltamethrin induced changes in the activities of various esterases in deltamethrin-resistant populations of Trogoderma granarium. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 50 (4): 1475-1475.
  • Harris, D. L., 2006. Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Insecta: Coleoptera: Dermestidae). University of Florida. IFAS Extension. EENY-372 (IN997).
  • Hasan, M., M. Sagher, A. Ullah, W. Wakil & A. Javed, 2006. Response of Trogoderma granarium (Everts) to different doses of Haloxylon recurvum extract and deltamethrin. Pakistan Entomological, 28 (2): 25-30.
  • Immaraju, J. A., J. G. Morse & D. J. Kersten, 1989. Citrus thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pesticide resistance in the Coachella and San Joaquin Valleys of California. Journal of Economic Entomology, 82 (2): 374-380.
  • Irshad, M. & J. Iqbal, 1994. Phosphine resistance in important stored grain insect pests in Pakistan. Pakistan Jounal of Zoology, 26: 347-350.
  • Işıkber, A. A., H. Ü. Özdamar & A. Karcı, 2005. Determination of insect species and their infestation rates on stored wheat in Kahramanmaraş and Adıyaman Province. KSU Journal of Science and Engineering, 8 (1): 107-113.
  • Kalkan, M., 1963. Türkiye’de Trogoderma Türleri, Trogoderma granarium Everst’ in Laboratuvarda Kısa Biyolojisi ve Mücadelesi Üzerine İncelemeler. Tarım Bakanlığı, Zirai Mücadele Enstitüsü, Ankara, 54 s.
  • Kumar, M. K., C. Srivastava & A. K. Garg, 2010. In vitro selection of deltamethrin resistant strain of Trogoderma granarium and its susceptibility to insecticides. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 18: 26-30.
  • LeOra, 1987. POLO-PC: A User's Guide to Probit or Logit Analysis: LeOra Software Berkeley, CA.
  • Lindgren, D. L. & L. E. Vincent, 1959. Biology and control of Trogoderma granarium Everts. Journal of Economic Entomology, 52: 312-319.
  • Lowe, S., M. Browne, S. Boudjelas & M. De Poorter, 2004. 100 of the World's Worst Invasive Alien Species: A Selection from the Global Invasive Species Database. (Web page: http://www.issg.org/pdf/publications/worst_100/ english_100_worst.pdf) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Matthews, G. A., 1993. “Developments in the Application of Pesticides, 305-315”. In: Modern Crop Protection: Developments and Perspectives (Ed. J. C. Zadoks). Wageningen Academic Publishers, the Netherlands, 320 pp.
  • Navarro, S., E. Donahaye & M. Calderon, 1969. Observations on prolonged grain storage with forced aeration in Israel. Journal of Stored Product Research, 5: 74-81.
  • Navarro, S., Y. Carmi, Y. Kashanchi & E. Shaaya, 1986. Malathion resistance of stored-product insects in Israel. Phytoparasitica, 14 (4): 273-280.
  • Özar, A. İ. & A. Yücel, 1982. Survey studies on the stored grain pests in the southeast Anatolia region. Plant Protection Bulletin, 22 (2): 89-98.
  • Özer, M., S. Toros, S. Çobanoğlu, S. Çınarlı & M. Emekçi, 1989. The description, distribution and habitats of acarina species harmful to stored grains and grain products and dried fruits in İzmir Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3: 1154-1189.
  • Pasek, J. E., 1998. Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts): Pest-Initiated Pest Risk Assessment. USDA APHIS, Raleigh, NC, 32 pp.
  • Pekmez, H., 2016. Cereal storage techniques: a review. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 6: 67-71.
  • Pimentel, M. A. G, L. R. D. A. Faroni, F. H. D. Silva, M. D. Batista & R. N. C. Guedes, 2010. Spread of phosphine resistance among Brazilian populations of three species of stored product insects. Neotropical Entomology, 39 (1): 101-107.
  • Prasad, H., P. Bhatia & G. R. Sethi, 1977. Estimation of feeding losses by Trogoderma granarium Everts in wheat. Indian Journal of Entomology, 39: 377-378.
  • Rahman, K. A., G. S. Sohi & A. N. Sapra, 1945. Studies on stored grain pests in the Punjab VI. Biology of Trogoderma granarium Everts. Indian Journal of Agriculture Science. 15 (2): 85-92.
  • Ribeiro, B. M., R. N. C. Guedes, E. E. Oliveira & J. P. Santos, 2003. Insecticide resistance and synergism in Brazilian populations of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Product Research, 39: 21-31.
  • Robertson, J. L, N. Savin, H. K. Preisler & R. M. Russell, 2007. Bioassays with Arthropods. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 224 pp.
  • Saidana, D., M. Ben Halima-Kamel, O. Boussaada, Z. Mighri & A. N. Helal, 2010. Potential bioinsecticide activities of some Tunisian halophytic species against Trogoderma granarium. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 5: 51-62.
  • Sathyan, T., N. Murugesan, K. Elanchezhyan, A. S. Raj & G. Ravi, 2016. Efficacy of Synthetic Insecticides against sucking insect pests in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. International Journal of Entomological Research, 1: 16-21.
  • Saxena, J. D. & S. R. Sinha, 1995. Evaluation of some insecticides against malathion resistant strains of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Indian Journal of Entomology, 75: 401-405.
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Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi (Türkiye)’nde farklı depo tiplerinin Khapra böceğinin, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), bulaşıklığına olan etkisi ve zararlının malathion ve deltametrine olan direnci

Yıl 2019, , 131 - 142, 01.06.2019

Çetin Mutlu , Ayhan Öğreten Cahit Kaya , Mehmet Mamay

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.528623
Cited By: 7

Öz

Bu çalışma Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde farklı depo tiplerinin Khapra böceğinin, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), bulaşıklığına olan etkisi ve zararlının malathion ve deltametrine olan direncini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bölgedeki beş ilden (Diyarbakır, Mardin, Şanlıurfa, Adıyaman ve Batman) farklı tahıl depo tiplerinden (metal silo, betonarme ve basit sıvasız) 2014-2016 yıllarında nisan-aralık ayları arasında sürveyler yapılmış ve toplam 355 depodan buğday örnekleri alınmıştır. Ayrıca, direnç çalışmaları için farklı depolardan 24 Khapra böceği popülasyonu toplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, iller ve depo tipleri Khapra böceği bulaşıklığına önemli derecede etki etmiştir. En yüksek bulaşıklık Mardin ilinde (%77.5), bunu takiben Şanlıurfa ilinde (%67.5) kayıt edilmiştir. Buna karşın en düşük Khapra böceği bulaşıklığı Diyarbakır (%43.4) ve Adıyaman (%44.1) ilinde kayıt edilmiştir. Depo tiplerine göre en yüksek bulaşıklık basit sıvasız depolarda (%80) belirlenmiş iken, en düşük bulaşıklık metal silolarda (%27.1) bulunmuştur. Direnç çalışmaları, Kapra böceğinin deltametrine karşı düşük düzeyde direnç geliştirdiği, buna karşın malathiona toleranslı olduğu göstermiştir. Deltametrin uygulanmış popülasyonların 4-10.7 kat direnç geliştirmiş olduğu, ancak malathion için bu rakamın 1.32-1.92 kat olduğu kayıt edilmiştir. Deltametrin için belirlenen yüksek direnç oranları, malathiona kıyasla bu insektisitin daha sık kullanımını ile ilgili olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bulaşıklık insektisit direnci depo tipleri sürvey Trogoderma granarium

Proje Numarası

TAGEM-BS-13/12-01/03-01

Kaynakça

  • Abbott, W. S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18 (2): 265-267.
  • Ahmad, M., 1994. From the desk of Editor in Chief. Grain Storage Management Newsletter, 1 (1): 1-2.
  • Anonymous, 1978. Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium). USDA Cooperative Plant Pest Report, Abstracted in: CAB Abstracts, 1976-1978.
  • Anonymous, 2008. Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları Cilt-2, Tarım ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Koruma ve Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü, 291s.
  • Banks, H. J., 1977. Distribution and establishment of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae): climatics and others influences. Journal of Stored Product Research, 13: 183-202.
  • Bell, C. H. & S. M. Wilson, 1995. Phosphine tolerance and resistance in Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Journal of Stored Product Research, 31: 199-205.
  • Benhalima, H., M. Q. Chaudhry, K. A. Mills & N. R. Price, 2004. Phosphine resistance in stored-product insects collected from various grain storage facilities in Morocco. Journal of Stored Product Research, 40 (3): 241-249.
  • Burges, D. H., 1962. Diapause, pest status and control of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts. Annals of Applied Biology, 50: 614-617.
  • Busvine, J. R., 1971. A Critical Review of the Techniques for Testing Insecticides. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, London. 345 pp.
  • CABI, 2018. Crop Protection Compendium. CAB International. (Web page: http://www.cabi.org/cpc/search/?q=Khapra) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Champ, B. R. & C. E. Dyte, 1976. Report of the FAO Global Survey of Pesticide Susceptibility of Stored Grain Pests. FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No. 5. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 297 pp.
  • Dörtbudak, N., D. Yılmaz & M. Aydın. 1987. Investigation on the resistance to protective chemical used against granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L) destructive on stored grain in Ankara and Eskişehir, Turkey. Plant Protection Bulletin, 27 (1-2): 101-109.
  • Dyte, C. E. & D. G. Blackman, 1970. The spread of insecticide resistance in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 6 (3): 255-261.
  • Emekçi, M. & A. G. Ferizli, 2000. Current status of stored products protection in Turkey. Integrated Protection of Stored Products, IOBC Bulletin, 23 (10): 39-46.
  • Erakay, S., 1974. Ege Bölgesi’nde Un ve Undan Mamul Maddelerde Bulunan Zararlı Böcekler Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı, Zirai Mücadele ve Zirai Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü, İstiklal Matbaası, İzmir, 60s.
  • Ergül, C., N. Dörtbudak & A. Akülke, 1972. Investigations on the insect of stored grain, grain products and Leguminosae in the east and south part of Turkey. Plant Protection Bulletin, 12 (2): 129-143.
  • EPPO, 2005. Trogoderma granarium. Distribution Maps of Quarantine Pests for Europe. (Web page: http://www.gd.eppo.int/taxon/TROGGA/documents) (Date accessed: December 2019).
  • EPPO, 2007. EPPO Standards: EPPO A1 and A2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests. PM 1/2 (16). European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization 1, rue Le Notre, 75016 Paris, France.
  • Fidan, U. & S. Satuk, 2011. Designing of silo automation control system with fuzzy logic controller. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering, 11: 1-14. (In Turkish).
  • Finney, D. J., 1971. Probit Analysis: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 3rd Edition.
  • Fragoso, D. B., R. N. C. Guedes & S. T. Rezende, 2003. Glutathione-S-transferase detoxification as a potential pyrethroid resistance mechanism in the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 109: 21-29.
  • French, S. & R. C. Venette, 2005. Mini risk assessment Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium. (Web page: http://www.citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.595.4233&rep=rep1&type=pdf) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Hafiz, A., T. Riaz & F. R. Shakoori, 2017. Metabolic profile of a stored grain pest Trogoderma granarium exposed to deltamethrin. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49: 8-12.
  • Hafiz, A., T. Riaz & F. R. Shakoori, 2018. Deltamethrin induced changes in the activities of various esterases in deltamethrin-resistant populations of Trogoderma granarium. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 50 (4): 1475-1475.
  • Harris, D. L., 2006. Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Insecta: Coleoptera: Dermestidae). University of Florida. IFAS Extension. EENY-372 (IN997).
  • Hasan, M., M. Sagher, A. Ullah, W. Wakil & A. Javed, 2006. Response of Trogoderma granarium (Everts) to different doses of Haloxylon recurvum extract and deltamethrin. Pakistan Entomological, 28 (2): 25-30.
  • Immaraju, J. A., J. G. Morse & D. J. Kersten, 1989. Citrus thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pesticide resistance in the Coachella and San Joaquin Valleys of California. Journal of Economic Entomology, 82 (2): 374-380.
  • Irshad, M. & J. Iqbal, 1994. Phosphine resistance in important stored grain insect pests in Pakistan. Pakistan Jounal of Zoology, 26: 347-350.
  • Işıkber, A. A., H. Ü. Özdamar & A. Karcı, 2005. Determination of insect species and their infestation rates on stored wheat in Kahramanmaraş and Adıyaman Province. KSU Journal of Science and Engineering, 8 (1): 107-113.
  • Kalkan, M., 1963. Türkiye’de Trogoderma Türleri, Trogoderma granarium Everst’ in Laboratuvarda Kısa Biyolojisi ve Mücadelesi Üzerine İncelemeler. Tarım Bakanlığı, Zirai Mücadele Enstitüsü, Ankara, 54 s.
  • Kumar, M. K., C. Srivastava & A. K. Garg, 2010. In vitro selection of deltamethrin resistant strain of Trogoderma granarium and its susceptibility to insecticides. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 18: 26-30.
  • LeOra, 1987. POLO-PC: A User's Guide to Probit or Logit Analysis: LeOra Software Berkeley, CA.
  • Lindgren, D. L. & L. E. Vincent, 1959. Biology and control of Trogoderma granarium Everts. Journal of Economic Entomology, 52: 312-319.
  • Lowe, S., M. Browne, S. Boudjelas & M. De Poorter, 2004. 100 of the World's Worst Invasive Alien Species: A Selection from the Global Invasive Species Database. (Web page: http://www.issg.org/pdf/publications/worst_100/ english_100_worst.pdf) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Matthews, G. A., 1993. “Developments in the Application of Pesticides, 305-315”. In: Modern Crop Protection: Developments and Perspectives (Ed. J. C. Zadoks). Wageningen Academic Publishers, the Netherlands, 320 pp.
  • Navarro, S., E. Donahaye & M. Calderon, 1969. Observations on prolonged grain storage with forced aeration in Israel. Journal of Stored Product Research, 5: 74-81.
  • Navarro, S., Y. Carmi, Y. Kashanchi & E. Shaaya, 1986. Malathion resistance of stored-product insects in Israel. Phytoparasitica, 14 (4): 273-280.
  • Özar, A. İ. & A. Yücel, 1982. Survey studies on the stored grain pests in the southeast Anatolia region. Plant Protection Bulletin, 22 (2): 89-98.
  • Özer, M., S. Toros, S. Çobanoğlu, S. Çınarlı & M. Emekçi, 1989. The description, distribution and habitats of acarina species harmful to stored grains and grain products and dried fruits in İzmir Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3: 1154-1189.
  • Pasek, J. E., 1998. Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts): Pest-Initiated Pest Risk Assessment. USDA APHIS, Raleigh, NC, 32 pp.
  • Pekmez, H., 2016. Cereal storage techniques: a review. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 6: 67-71.
  • Pimentel, M. A. G, L. R. D. A. Faroni, F. H. D. Silva, M. D. Batista & R. N. C. Guedes, 2010. Spread of phosphine resistance among Brazilian populations of three species of stored product insects. Neotropical Entomology, 39 (1): 101-107.
  • Prasad, H., P. Bhatia & G. R. Sethi, 1977. Estimation of feeding losses by Trogoderma granarium Everts in wheat. Indian Journal of Entomology, 39: 377-378.
  • Rahman, K. A., G. S. Sohi & A. N. Sapra, 1945. Studies on stored grain pests in the Punjab VI. Biology of Trogoderma granarium Everts. Indian Journal of Agriculture Science. 15 (2): 85-92.
  • Ribeiro, B. M., R. N. C. Guedes, E. E. Oliveira & J. P. Santos, 2003. Insecticide resistance and synergism in Brazilian populations of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Product Research, 39: 21-31.
  • Robertson, J. L, N. Savin, H. K. Preisler & R. M. Russell, 2007. Bioassays with Arthropods. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 224 pp.
  • Saidana, D., M. Ben Halima-Kamel, O. Boussaada, Z. Mighri & A. N. Helal, 2010. Potential bioinsecticide activities of some Tunisian halophytic species against Trogoderma granarium. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 5: 51-62.
  • Sathyan, T., N. Murugesan, K. Elanchezhyan, A. S. Raj & G. Ravi, 2016. Efficacy of Synthetic Insecticides against sucking insect pests in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. International Journal of Entomological Research, 1: 16-21.
  • Saxena, J. D. & S. R. Sinha, 1995. Evaluation of some insecticides against malathion resistant strains of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Indian Journal of Entomology, 75: 401-405.
  • Singh, A., P. Chand, R. Vishwakarma & C. K. Singh, 2017. Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts): A food security threat. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 6 (11): 1-6.
  • Singh, D. & T. D. Yadav, 1994. Toxicity of deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos-methyl, etrimfos, malathion and fluvalinate against Sitophilus oryzae Linn. and Trogoderma granarium Everts. Indian Journal of Entomology, 56: 322-325.
  • Stibick, J., 2007. New Pest Response Guidelines: Khapra Beetle. USDA–APHIS–PPQ–Emergency and Domestic Programs, Riverdale, Maryland. (Web page: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/manuals/ online_manuals.html) (Date accessed: December, 2018).
  • Szito, A., 2007. Trogoderma granarium (insect). Global Invasive Species Database. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG). IUCN Species Survival Commission. (Web page: http://www.issg.org) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • USDA, 1983. Pests not known to occur in the United States or of limited distribution, No. 30: Khapra Beetle. APHIS, PPQ, Hyattsville, MD, 1-11.
  • Tarakanov, I. A., Y. Kurambaev, A. A. Khusinov & V. A. Safonov, 1994. Respiratory and circulatory disorders in experimental poisoning with an organophosphorus pesticide. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 117: 466-471.
  • TUIK, 2017. Turkish Statistical Institute. (Web page: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Start.do) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Wojciechowska, M., P. Stepnowski & M. Gołębiowski, 2016. The use of insecticides to control insect pests. Invertebrate Survival Journal, 13 (1): 210-220.
  • Yücel, A., 1988. Investigation on determining flour beetles and their damages in meal factories and mills in southeastern Anatolia. Plant Protection Bulletin, 28 (1-2): 57-77.
  • Zettler, L. J. & D. W. Keever, 1994. Phosphine resistance in cigarette beetle (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) associated with tobacco storage in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Economic Entomology, 87 (3): 546-550.
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Çetin Mutlu 0000-0003-4962-5506

Ayhan Öğreten Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2496-9081

Cahit Kaya 0000-0003-0757-320X

Mehmet Mamay 0000-0003-3723-5228

Proje Numarası TAGEM-BS-13/12-01/03-01
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Şubat 2019
Kabul Tarihi 4 Nisan 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

APA Mutlu, Ç., Öğreten, A., Kaya, C., Mamay, M. (2019). Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43(2), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.528623
AMA Mutlu Ç, Öğreten A, Kaya C, Mamay M. Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin. TED. Haziran 2019;43(2):131-142. doi:10.16970/entoted.528623
Chicago Mutlu, Çetin, Ayhan Öğreten, Cahit Kaya, ve Mehmet Mamay. “Influence of Different Grain Storage Types on Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma Granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Infestation in Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and Its Resistance to Malathion and Deltamethrin”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 43, sy. 2 (Haziran 2019): 131-42. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.528623.
EndNote Mutlu Ç, Öğreten A, Kaya C, Mamay M (01 Haziran 2019) Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin. Turkish Journal of Entomology 43 2 131–142.
IEEE Ç. Mutlu, A. Öğreten, C. Kaya, ve M. Mamay, “Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin”, TED, c. 43, sy. 2, ss. 131–142, 2019, doi: 10.16970/entoted.528623.
ISNAD Mutlu, Çetin vd. “Influence of Different Grain Storage Types on Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma Granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Infestation in Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and Its Resistance to Malathion and Deltamethrin”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 43/2 (Haziran 2019), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.528623.
JAMA Mutlu Ç, Öğreten A, Kaya C, Mamay M. Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin. TED. 2019;43:131–142.
MLA Mutlu, Çetin vd. “Influence of Different Grain Storage Types on Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma Granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Infestation in Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and Its Resistance to Malathion and Deltamethrin”. Turkish Journal of Entomology, c. 43, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 131-42, doi:10.16970/entoted.528623.
Vancouver Mutlu Ç, Öğreten A, Kaya C, Mamay M. Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin. TED. 2019;43(2):131-42.

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