Türkiye’de Chilo partellus Swinhoe, 1885 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)’un yumurta parazitoiti olarak Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)’in ilk kaydı ve parazitleme oranı

Öz

Chilo partellus Swinhoe, 1885 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), şu an dünyanın birçok bölgesine yayılmış, orijini Hindistan Yarımadası ve Güney ve Doğu Afrika olan oldukça zararlı bir mısır sap kurdudur. Türkiye’de ilk kez 2014 yılında saptanmıştır. Bu zararlının kontrolünde genellikle insektisit kullanılmaktır. Sürekli insektisit kullanımının olumsuz etkileriyle ilgili endişeler daha çevre dostu ve doğal kontrol yöntemlerinin araştırılmasını gerektirmiştir. Bu çalışma ile C. partellus’un mevcut yerli parazitoitlerinin varlığı ve parazitleme oranları araştırılmıştır. 2018 yılında Çukurova Üniversitesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Araştırma ve Uygulama Alanı (39º01’50.5"N, 35º21’06.7"E)’nda birinci ve ikinci ürün olarak yetiştirilen mısır tarlalarında haftada bir defa örneklemeler yapılmış ve parazitlenmiş yumurtalar kaydedilmiştir. Morfolojik karakterler incelenerek Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) olarak tanımlanan yumurta parazitoitinin, 2018 Ağustos- Eylül aylarında ilk kez mısırda C. partellus’un parazitoiti olarak kaydedildiği ve 16 Ağustos’ta parazitlenme oranının %100 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Trichogramma evanescens’in gelecekte C. partellus’un biyolojik mücadele programlarında kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyolojik mücadele
• Chilo partellus
• yumurta parazitoiti
• mısır
• Trichogramma evanescens

First record and parasitism of egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Chilo partellus Swinhoe, 1885 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Turkey

Öz

Chilo partellus Swinhoe, 1885 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), which is currently found in many parts of the world, is a very damaging maize stem borer in Indian subcontinent and South and Eastern Africa. In 2014, it was recorded for the first time in Turkey. This pest is normally controlled by insecticides. Concerns of the negative effects of incessant use of insecticides have necessitated exploration of more benign and natural control methods. This study investigated the occurrence and parasitism rates of some native egg parasitoids of C. partellus. In 2018, first and second maize crops were planted in the research field of the Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University (39º01’50.5”N, 35º21’06.7”E), in Adana, Turkey. Field was scouted once a week for parasitized egg masses. An egg parasitoid was recorded and morphologically identified as Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). The egg parasitoid was recorded in August-September 2018 for the first time on C. partellus in maize (second crop) with rate of parasitism reaching 100% on 16 August. It is suggested that T. evanescens can be used for future development of biological control programs against C. partellus.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biological control
• egg parasitoid
• maize
• Chilo partellus
• Trichogramma evanescens

Kaynakça

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