Occurrence and abundance of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces in Turkey

Abstract

Distribution and populations of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces were investigated in 2016 and 2017. Root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953, Pratylenchus neglectus Rensch, 1924 and Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 (Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae), were found at 69, 7 and 17 locations, respectively. Cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984 (Tylenchida, Heteroderidae), was found at 33 locations. Stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida, Anguinidae), was not found in any samples. Pratylenchus spp. were found in 40.5% (6±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) and Heterodera spp. in 29% (3±1cysts 250 g dry soil^-1) of the soil samples. Ditylenchus spp. (32.6%, 18±3 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) and Tylenchus spp. (21.4%; 12±3 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) were widely distributed. Paratylenchus spp. (0.9%; 1±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) and Pratylenchoides spp. (0.5%; 1±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) were found in few locations and in low abundance. Aphelenchus spp. (39.1%; 33±5 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) and Aphelenchoides spp. (51.2%; 52±7 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) were identified as the fungal-feeding nematodes. Acrobeloides (65.1%; 109±13 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) and Cephalobus  (19.1%; 7±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil^-1) were the most abundant bacterial-feeding nematode genera.

Keywords

• Free living nematodes,Heterodera spp.,morphometrics,Pratylenchus spp.,species specific PCR

Konya ve Karaman (Türkiye) illerinde tahıl nematodlarının dağılımı ve popülasyon yoğunluğu

Öz

Konya ve Karaman illerinde tahıl alanlarında nematodlarının dağılımı ve popülasyonları 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında araştırılmıştır. Kök yara nematodları; Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953, Pratylenchus neglectus Rensch, 1924 ve Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 (Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae) sırasıyla 69, 7 ve 17 lokasyonda tespit edildi. Tahıl kist nematodu Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984 (Tylenchida, Heteroderidae) 33 lokasyonda bulunmuştur. Soğan sak nematodu, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida, Anguinidae) incelenen örneklerde bulunmamıştır. Pratylenchus spp. toprak örneklerinde %40.5 (6±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) ve Heterodera spp. %29 (3±1 kist 250 g kuru toprak^-1) oranında tespit edilmiştir. Ditylenchus spp. (%32.6; 18±3 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) ve Tylenchus spp. (%21.4, 12±3 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1)’nin yaygın olarak dağıldığı belirlenmiştir. Paratylenchus spp. (%0.9, 1±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) ve Pratylenchoides spp. (%0.5; 1±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) birkaç lokasyonda ve düşük yoğunlukta bulunmuştur. Aphelenchus spp. (%39.1; 33±5 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) ve Aphelenchoides spp. (%51.2; 52±7 nematodes 100 g kuru toprak^-1) fungal beslenen türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Acrobeloides (%65.1; 109±13 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) ve Cephalobus (%19.1; 7±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak^-1) en yoğun bulunan bakteriyel beslenen nematod cinsleridir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Serbest yaşayan nematodlar,Heterodera spp.,morfometrik ölçümler,Pratylenchus spp.,türe özgü PCR

Kaynakça

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