Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898) in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf): Impacts on some seed characteristics and marketing price

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 2, 207 - 218, 28.06.2017

Fethiye Özberk , İrfan Özberk , Abuzer Yücel , Ayhan Atlı , Duygu İzol

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.289663

Cited By: 3

Öz

This study investigated the influence of khapra
beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898, Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on
weight, grain quality and marketing price losses in various durum wheat
cultivars stored in controlled conditions in laboratory of Faculty of
Agriculture at Harran University. Experiment was conducted from 13 January to 4
September 2015. Durum wheat cultivars, Şahinbey, Diyarbakır-81, Zühre, Artuklu,
Güney Yıldızı, Fırat-93, Aydın-93, Sarıçanak-98, Eyyübi and Altıntoprak-98,
were infested by three different young larval stages. Three samples (80 g) of
grain from each cultivar were put into 250-mL glass jars covered with the
muslin cloth with the rubber bands and 5, 10 or 15 neonates khapra beetle
larvae added. A randomized complete block design with 3 replicates was employed
for grain weight losses and a split plot design with 4 replicates (purchasers)
was employed for marketing price losses. Grain weight, marketing price and
grain quality losses were recorded. The result revealed that geometric mean of
weight loss was 4.075% in about 8 months. There were response differences
between wheat cultivars against khapra beetle infestation. Except for Zeleny
sedimentation, some of quality characteristics such as 1000 kernel weight (g),
gluten (%) and gluten index (%) were affected negatively depending on
increasing ratio of insect infestations. Geometric means of marketing prices
reduced from 418 to 315 USD t^-1 in 8 months. Marketing price loss
was 103 USD t^-1. It was concluded that Fırat-93, Zühre and
Altıntoprak-98 were the cultivars least affected by khapra beetle with less
weight and marketing price losses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Durum wheat, khapra beetle damage, marketing price, weight and quality loss

Makarnalık buğdayda (Triticum durum Desf) kapra böceği (Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898): Bazı tane özellikleri ve pazarlama fiyatlarına etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada laboratuvar
koşullarında depolanmış bazı makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinde khapra böceği (Trogoderma
granarium Everts, 1898, Coleoptera: Dermestidae)’nin yaptığı
ağırlık, kalite ve pazarlama fiyatları kayıpları incelenmiştir. Çalışma Harran
Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bölümü Laboratuvarı’nda 13 Ocak- 4 Eylül
2015 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Şahinbey, Diyarbakır-81, Zühre, Artuklu,
Güney Yıldızı, Fırat-93, Aydın-93, Sarıçanak-98, Eyyübi ve Altıntoprak-98 makarnalık
buğday çeşitlerine genç larvalar üç farklı sayıda bulaştırılmıştır. Her bir
çeşide ait 3 adet (80 gr) örnek içlerine 5,10 ve 15 adet genç khapra böceği
larvası yerleştirilerek 250-mL’lik cam kavanozlara konulmuş ve ağzı lastik
bantlı tülbent bezi ile örtülmüştür. Deneme ağırlık ve kalite kayıpları için
tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü (larva seviyeleri) olarak
yürütülmüştür. Pazarlama fiyatları için ise bölünmüş parseller (çeşitler ana
parsel, larva bulaşma oranları alt parsel) deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü
(borsadaki alıcılar) olarak yürütülmüştür. Dane ağırlığı, pazarlama fiyatı ve
dane kalite kayıpları kaydedilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre 8 ayda tane
ağırlık kayıplarının geometrik ortalaması %4.075 olmuştur. Çeşitler arasında khapra
zararına karşı farklı tepki olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Zeleny sedimentasyon değeri
dışında, 1000 dane ağırlığı (g), gluten (%) ve gluten indeks (%) değerleri
larva bulaşma oranı arttıkça olumsuz yönde etkilenmiştir. 8 ayda khapra’ya
bağlı pazarlama fiyatları 418 USD t^-1’dan 315 USD t^-1’a
düşmüştür. Pazarlama fiyatı kaybı 103 USD t^-1 olmuştur. Fırat-93, Zühre
ve Altıntoprak-98 çeşitleri pazarlama fiyatı azalışı ve ağırlık kaybı yönünden
khapra zararından en az etkilenen çeşitler olmuşlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Makarnalık buğday, khapra böceği zararı, pazarlama fiyatları, ağırlık ve kalite kaybı

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