Konukçu yoğunluğunun parazitoit Bracon hebetor Say, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)’un bazı biyolojik özellikleri ile glikojen, toplam şeker ve lipit miktarına etkisi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 2, 195 - 206, 30.06.2011

Özgür Varer Işıtan , Nevran Eylem Akman Gündüz , Adem Gülel

Öz

Konukçu yoğunluğunun Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’yı parazitleyen Bracon hebetor Say, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)’ un gelişim süresi, yumurta dağılımı, verim, eşey oranı, ömür uzunluğu ve glikojen, toplam şeker ve lipit seviyeleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, 26 ± 2oC, 60 ± 5 % RH ve sürekli aydınlık koşullarda laborotavuar çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bir çift parazitoite (Yaş<24 saat) on gün boyunca 24 saatlik peryotlarla bir, iki, dört veya sekiz konukçu verilmiştir. Konukçu yoğunluğu B. hebetor’un gelişim süresini önemli ölçüde etkilememiştir. Her iki eşey için, tüm konukçu yoğunluklarında gelişim süresi yaklaşık 14-15 gün sürmüştür. Dişilerin ömür uzunluğu konukçu yoğunluğuyla önemli derecede değişmezken, erkeklerde bazı varyasyonlar göstermiştir. Dişiler konukçu yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak yumurtalarını paylaştırırlar. Bununla birlikte, dişi başına bırakılan toplam yumurta sayısı tüm konukçu yoğunluklarında benzerdir. Dişiye tek larva verildiğinde, oğul döl çıkışı diğer konukçu yoğunluklarından daha düşük olmuş ancak erkek döl yüzdesi konukçu yoğunluğuyla değişmemiştir. Ayrıca, farklı konukçu yoğunluklarında yetiştirilen yeni ergin beslenmemiş dişi ve erkek B. hebetor’un glikojen, şeker ve lipit miktarları da karşılaştırılmıştır. Konukçu yoğunluğu dişi ve erkek parazitoitlerin glikojen seviyesinde önemli bir etkiye sahip değilken, şeker ve lipit seviyeleri her iki eşeyde bazı varyasyonlar göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bracon hebetor, konukçu yoğunluğu, biyolojik özellikler, glikojen, şeker, lipit

Effect of host density on some biological characteristics and glycogen, total sugar and lipid levels of parasitoid Bracon hebetor Say, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Öz

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effects of host density on development time, egg dispersion, fecundity, sex ratio, longevity, and glycogen, total sugar and lipid levels of Bracon hebetor Say, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitizing Ephestia kuehniella Zeller 1879 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at 26 ± 2oC, 60 ± 5 % RH and continuously illuminated conditions. One pair of the parasitoids (age<24 h) were exposed to one, two, four, and eight hosts over a 24-h period during ten days. Host density had no significant effect on development time of B. hebetor. For both sexes, it lasted almost 14-15 days at all host densities. Longevity of females did not vary significantly with host density, whereas males had some variations. Females appeared to allocate eggs in relation to host density. However, total number of eggs laid per female was similar at all host densities. When female had only one host larva, progeny emergence was lowest compared with other host densities but percentage of male progeny did not change with host density. We also compared the glycogen, sugar and lipid reserves of recently emerged unfed female and male B. hebetor maintained different host densities. Host density had no significant effect on glycogen levels of female and male wasp, whereas sugar and lipid levels showed some variations in both sexes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bracon hebetor, host density, biological characteristics, glycogen, sugar, lipid

Kaynakça

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