Effectiveness of various insecticides and predatory bug, Orius laevigatus (Fieber, 1860) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) releases on Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in lemon, Citrus limon (L.) (Rutales: Rutaceae), orchard in Mersin (Türkiye)

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 4, 373 - 383, 07.01.2023

Adalet Hazir , Miraç Yayla , Doğancan Kahya , Ekrem Atakan

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1102841

Cited By: 3

Öz

The important invasive thrips species Hawaiian flower thrips, Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was first reported in Türkiye in 2015. Since then, it has been causing damage in lemon orchards. This study was conducted to reveal the most effective insecticides, the most effective spraying time and the efficacy of biological control. For this purpose, the effectiveness of five insecticides (480 g/l spinosad, 25% spinetoram, 100 g/l spirotetramat, 50% flonicamid, 240 g/l tau-fluvalinate), effect of three spray programs and effectiveness of predatory bug Orius laevigatus (Fieber, 1860) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) were tested in a lemon orchard [Citrus limon (L.) (Rutales: Rutaceae)] in Erdemli district of Mersin province in 2018 and 2019. In order to determine the most effective spraying time, three spray programs were tested. In Program 1, two sprays during the flowering period were applied. In Program 2, two sprays were applied, one at petal fall and the other at the small fruiting stage. In Program 3, one spray at petal fall and two sprays in the fruiting stages were applied. According to the results, 240 g/l tau-fluvalinate and 50% flonicamid showed the lowest efficacy of the insecticides in the three programs. Spinetoram was found the most effective of the others. Insecticide applications to control T. hawaiiensis during the flowering period (Program 1) had low efficacy. Program 3 was found to be the most effective. Predatory bug O. laevigatus, as a biological control agent was found to have a potential efficacy for suppressing T. hawaiiensis populations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biological control, insecticide, lemon, Thrips hawaiiensis

Destekleyen Kurum

Mersin Chamber of Commerce and Industry & Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies Adana Biological Control Research Institute

Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

The authors thank to the Mersin Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies Adana Biological Control Research Institute for their financial support.

Mersin (Türkiye)’de limon, Citrus limon (L.) (Rutales: Rutaceae) bahçesinde farklı insektisitlerin ve avcı böcek Orius laevigatus (Fieber, 1860) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) salımının Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan,1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)’e karşı etkinliği

Öz

Önemli bir istilacı thrips türü olan Hawai çiçek tripsi Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Türkiye’de ilk defa 2015 yılında rapor edilmiştir. O zamandan beri, limon bahçelerinde zarara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, limon bahçelerinde sorun olan T. hawaiiensis’in mücadelesinde en etkili insektisiti, en etkili ilaçlama zamanını ve biyolojik mücadelenin etkinliğini ortaya koymak için yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında, Mersin ili Erdemli ilçesinde bir limon bahçesinde [Citrus limon (L.) (Rutales: Rutaceae)] 5 farklı insektisitin (480 g/l spinosad, %25 spinetoram, 100 g/l spirotetramat, %50 flonicamid, 240 g/l Tau-fluvalinate), üç farklı uygulama programının ve avcı böcek Orius laevigatus (Fieber, 1860) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)’un etkinliği denemeye alınmıştır. En etkili ilaçlama zamanını belirlemek için 3 ilaçlama programı denenmiştir. Birinci programda çiçeklenme döneminde iki ilaçlama test edilmiştir. İkinci programda, biri taç yaprak dökümü diğeri küçük meyve dönemi olmak üzere 2 ilaçlama test edilmiştir. Üçüncü programda ise taç yaprak dökümünde bir, meyve döneminde 2 ilaçlama test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, 240 g/l tau-fluvalinate ve %50 flonicamid üç programın hepsinde ilaçlar arasında en düşük etkiyi göstermişlerdir. Spinetoram etkili maddeli ilacın, diğerlerine göre en etkili preparat olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Thrips hawaiiensis’e karşı çiçek döneminde yapılan insektisit uygulamalarının (program 1) etkinliği düşük bulunmuştur. Üçüncü program en etkili program olarak bulunmuştur. Biyolojik mücadele ajanı olarak avcı böcek Orius laevigatus’un T. hawaiiensis’i baskı altına alabilme potansiyeli olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyolojik mücadele, insektisit, limon, Thrips hawaiiensis

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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