Küreselleşme, İnsani Gelişme ve Yozlaşmanın Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: E7 Ekonomilerinden Kanıtlar

Öz

Bu çalışma, E7 ekonomilerinde küreselleşme, beşerî kalkınma ve yolsuzluğun ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir. 1995–2022 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılarak, Momentler Kantil Regresyon (MMQREG) Metodu’yla büyümenin dinamik yapısı farklı koşullarda değerlendirilmiştir. Ampirik bulgular, beşerî kalkınmanın ekonomik büyüme üzerinde tüm kantillerde güçlü ve pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Küreselleşme ise ekonomik büyümeyi sadece yüksek kantillerde ve negatif etkilerken düşük ve orta düzey kantillerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etki tespit edilmemiştir. Diğer yandan yolsuzluk algısındaki artış büyümeyi özellikle alt ve orta kantillerde daha belirgin biçimde negatif etkilerken üst kantillerde bu etkinin düzeyi oldukça azalmaktadır. Yabancı doğrudan yatırımlar ve diğer kontrol değişkenleri de kantiller arasında farklılaşan katkılar sunarak büyüme dinamiklerinin heterojen bir yapıya sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak, çalışma E7 ülkelerinde ekonomik büyüme; beşerî kalkınmanın artırılması, yolsuzlukla etkin bir mücadele, sağlıklı bir küresel entegrasyon politikası geliştirme ve teknoloji tabanlı yabancı yatırımların ülkeye çekilmesiyle mümkün olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. MMQREG yaklaşımı ise birbirlerine yakın ekonomik büyüme düzeyine sahip ülkelerde bile politikaların etki dağılımının bağlam ve düzeye göre değişebildiğini ortaya koyarak literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yolsuzluk
• İnsan Sermayesi
• Ekonomik Gelişme
• Küreselleşme
• E7 Ülkeleri

Effects of Globalization, Human Development and Corruption on Economic Growth: Evidence from E7 Economies

Öz

This study examines the effects of globalization, human development, and corruption on economic growth in the E7 economies. Using annual data for the period 1995–2022, the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQREG) is applied to evaluate the dynamic structure of growth under different conditions. Empirical findings indicate that human development has a strong and positive impact on economic growth across all quantiles. While globalization affects economic growth negatively only in high-growth quantiles, no statistically significant effect has been found in low- and middle-growth quantiles. In contrast, whereas the rise in corruption perception adversely affects growth more strongly in the lower and intermediate quantiles, the strength of this effect diminishes considerably in the upper quantiles. Foreign direct investment and other control variables also contribute differentially across quantiles, demonstrating a heterogeneous structure in growth dynamics. This study concludes that economic growth in the E7 nations can be attained through enhanced human development, effective anti-corruption measures, the formulation of robust global integration policies, and the attraction of technology-driven foreign investment. The MMQREG methodology significantly enhances the literature by illustrating that, even among countries with similar economic development, the distribution of policy effects can differ depending on context and level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Corruption
• Human Capital
• Economic Development
• Globalization
• E7 Countries

Kaynakça

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