Bölüşüm ve İstikrarsızlık: Kalecki’nin Teorik Çerçevesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, bölüşüm ve istikrarsızlık ilişkisini Kalecki’nin teorik çerçevesinde yeniden değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmanın temel iddiası, gelir dağılımının üretim faktörlerinin marjinal verimlilikleri tarafından değil, piyasa gücü, tekel derecesi, sendikal yapı, sınıf ilişkileri ve devlet müdahalesi gibi kurumsal ve politik unsurlar tarafından belirlendiğidir. Çalışma ayrıca, bölüşüm meselesinin yalnızca sosyal adalet bağlamında ele alınamayacağını ileri sürmekte ve ekonomik sistemin işleyişi üzerinde doğrudan etkileri bulunduğunu savunmaktadır. Bu amaçla Kalecki’nin efektif talep, yatırım, fiyatlama ve tekel derecesi analizleri birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, tekel derecesindeki artışın ücret payını azaltarak toplam talebin bileşimini değiştirdiği, bunun da yatırım kararları ve karlılık beklentileri üzerinden ekonomik dalgalanmaları etkilediği ileri sürülmektedir. Bu çerçevede bölüşüm, yalnızca gelirin ücretler ve karlar arasında paylaşımını ifade eden bir sonuç değişkeni değil, toplam talebi, yatırım dinamiklerini ve ekonomik istikrarı şekillendiren kurucu bir mekanizma olarak ele alınmaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, gelir dağılımının sosyal adaletle ilgili normatif bir mesele olmanın ötesinde, ekonomik istikrarın ve istikrarsızlığın temel belirleyicilerinden biri olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Michal Kalecki
• Bölüşüm
• Eksik Rekabet
• Tekel Derecesi
• İstikrarsızlık

Distribution and Instability: Kalecki’s Theoretical Framework

Öz

This study re-evaluates the relationship between income distribution and instability within Kalecki’s theoretical framework. The central argument of the study is that income distribution is not determined by the marginal productivity of the factors of production but by institutional and political forces such as market power, the degree of monopoly, trade union structures, class relations, and state intervention. The study further argues that the issue of distribution cannot be understood solely within the framework of social justice, but has direct implications for the functioning of the economic system. To this end, Kalecki’s analyses of effective demand, investment, pricing, and the degree of monopoly are examined together. The study contends that an increase in the degree of monopoly reduces the wage share and alters the composition of aggregate demand, thereby influencing economic fluctuations through its effects on investment decisions and profitability expectations. In this framework, distribution is treated not merely as an outcome variable reflecting the division of income between wages and profits, but as a constitutive mechanism shaping aggregate demand, investment dynamics, and economic stability. The study concludes that income distribution should be understood not only as a normative issue related to social justice, but also as one of the fundamental determinants of economic stability and instability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Michal Kalecki
• Income Distribution
• Imperfect Competition
• Degree of Monopoly
• Instability

Kaynakça

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