Ruminant Rasyonlarında Ham Gliserin Kullanımı

Öz

Ruminant beslemede tahılların yoğun olarak kullanılması geleceğin gıda güvenliği konusunda endişelere yol açmaktadır. Hayvan beslemede kullanılan gıda hammaddelerinin insan tüketimine uygun olmayan sanayi yan ürünleri ve bazı diğer atık biyokütleler ile değiştirilmesi gıda-yem rekabetini ve hayvansal üretimin karlılığını artırabilecek en önemli potansiyel strateji olarak görülmektedir. Ham gliserin (HG), biyodizel endüstrisinin yan ürünüdür ve son yıllarda ruminant rasyonlarında tahıllara alternatif bir enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılmaktadır. HG’nin ana bileşeni olan gliserol, rumende hızlı bir şekilde propiyonat ve bütirat fermente olarak enerji metabolizmasına katılmaktadır. Biyodizel üretim metoduna bağlı olarak değişken saflıklarda elde edilen ham gliserinin ruminantlar üzerindeki etkisi içerisindeki gliserol ve diğer kirliliklerin miktarına ve rasyona eklenme düzeyine göre değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Bu değişkenlik sebebiyle ham gliserinin ruminantlarda kullanım etkinliği konusunda çok çeşitli sonuçlar elde edilmektedir. Bu derlemede literatür bulguları değerlendirildiğinde HG’nin içeriğindeki kirlilikler gözetilerek ruminant rasyonlarında kuru maddenin %10 ila 15 düzeylerinde performansı olumsuz etkilemeden kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biodizel
• gliserol
• ham gliserin
• ruminant
• yan ürün

Utilization of Crude Glycerin in Ruminant Diets

Öz

The intensive use of grains as feed in ruminant production systems raises concerns about future food security. The replacement of food raw materials used in animal nutrition with industrial by-products and other waste biomass that are not suitable for human consumption is viewed as the most important potential strategy that can decrease food-feed competition and increase the profitability of animal production. Crude glycerin (CG) is a byproduct of the biodiesel industry and has been used as an alternative to grains in ruminant diets in recent years. Glycerol, which is the main component of CG, rapidly participates in energy metabolism by undergoing fermentation to propionate and butyrate in the rumen. Depending on the biodiesel production method, the effect of CG, which is obtained at varying levels of purity, on ruminants may vary according to the amount of glycerol, and other impurities in it and the amount of CG added to the diet. Due to this variability, inconsistent results are obtained regarding the efficiency of CG usage in ruminants. Based on the literature, it was concluded that CG could be used in ruminant diets at levels of 10-15% of dry matter after taking into account the levels of impurities without adversely affecting the performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biodiesel
• by-product
• crude glycerin
• glycerol
• ruminant

Kaynakça

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