Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Kayseri, Türkiye: Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Susceptibilities

Öz

Mastitis is a disease that causes significant economic losses in dairy farms and is caused by many microorganisms and physical trauma. In this study, it was aimed to detect subclinical mastitis (SCM) using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and bacteriological analysis in dairy cattle and to determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of the obtained isolates. For this purpose, a total of 400 milk samples from 100 cattle were screened with CMT. The CMT-positive samples were subjected to bacteriological analysis. The samples were inoculated onto 7% sheep blood agar and incubated at 37°C for 24-96 h in aerobic/microaerobic/anaerobic atmospheres. Colonies grown were evaluated. The identification of the obtained isolates was performed by phenotypic tests, MALDI-TOF MS, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The susceptibilities of the isolates to nine antibiotics were determined by the disk diffusion method. The prevalence of SCM was detected as 25.75% (103/400) for the CMT results. In the bacteriological analysis, 74 (71.8%) of 103 milk samples from 60 CMT-positive animals were detected as positive, and 75 isolates were obtained. The most frequently defined bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (n=25), Staphylococcus aureus (n=17), and Trueperella pyogenes (n=8). The highest antibiotic resistance among all isolates was detected to gentamicin (48%) and tetracycline (32%), while Staphylococcus spp. isolates were determined to be highest penicillin (45.2%) and gentamicin (38.1%). In conclusion, the current study revealed that there may be a need for dairy farms in this region to develop useful strategies for the treatment/control of SCM, considering the pathogenic bacteria and high antibiotic resistance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antibiotic susceptibility testing
• bacteriological analysis
• MALDI-TOF MS
• sequencing
• subclinical mastitis

Kayseri’deki Süt Sığırlarında Subklinik Mastitis: Bakteriyolojik Analiz ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıklar

Öz

Mastitis, süt sığırcılığı çiftliklerinde önemli ekonomik kayıplara yol açan ve birçok mikroorganizma ve fiziksel travmanın neden olduğu bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada, süt sığırlarında subklinik mastitisin (SKM), California Mastitis Test (CMT) ve bakteriyolojik analiz kullanılarak tespit edilmesi ve elde edilen izolatların antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla, 100 sığırdan alınan toplam 400 süt örneği, CMT ile tarandı. CMT-pozitif örnekler bakteriyolojik analize tabi tutuldu. Örneklerden %7’lik koyun kanlı agarlara ekim yapıldı ve besiyerleri 37°C'de, 24-96 saat, aerobik/mikroaerobik/anaerobik atmosferlerde inkübe edildi. Besiyerlerinde üreyen koloniler değerlendirildi. Elde edilen izolatların tanımlanması fenotipik testler, MALDI-TOF MS ve 16S rRNA sekans analizi ile gerçekleştirildi. İzolatların dokuz antibiyotiğe duyarlılıkları, disk difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlendi. CMT sonuçlarına göre, SKM prevalansı %25.75 (103/400) olarak saptandı. Bakteriyolojik analizde, 60 CMT pozitif hayvana ait 103 süt örneğinin 74'ü (%71.8) pozitif olarak saptandı ve 75 izolat elde edildi. En sık tanımlanan bakteriler koagülaz negatif Staphylococcus (n=25), Staphylococcus aureus (n=17) ve Trueperella pyogenes (n=8) idi. Tüm izolatlar arasında en yüksek antibiyotik direnci gentamisin (%48) ve tetrasikline (%32) karşı tespit edilirken, Staphylococcus spp. izolatları arasında en yüksek penisilin (%45.2) ve gentamisine (%38.1) karşı saptandı. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma, patojen bakteriler ve yüksek antibiyotik direnci göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bölgedeki süt çiftliklerinin SKM'nin tedavisi/kontrolü için yararlı stratejiler geliştirmelerine ihtiyaç olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antibiyotik duyarlılık testi
• bakteriyolojik analiz
• dizileme
• MALDI-TOF MS
• subklinik mastitis

Kaynakça

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