Develi Yöresinde Koyunlarda Babesia ovis’in Moleküler Prevalansı ve Genetik Karakterizasyonu
Yıl 2026,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1
,
59
-
67
,
29.04.2026
Şükrü Serden Yıldırımlı
,
Simge Şahin
,
Zuhal Önder
Öz
Bu çalışmada, Kayseri ilinin Develi ilçesinde koyunlarda Babesia ovis’in moleküler prevalansının araştırılması, genetik karakterizasyonlarının sağlanması ve filogenetik yapılanmalarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 2025 yılı Mart-Kasım ayları arasında Develi yöresinde farklı yaş ve cinsiyetteki toplam 125 Akkaraman ırkı koyundan EDTA’lı tüplere kan örnekleri alınmıştır. Kan örneklerinden genomik DNA izolasyonu gerçekleştirildikten sonra elde edilen izolatlar, B. ovis’in 18S rRNA gen bölgesini amplifiye eden spesifik primerlerle PCR analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. PCR analizleri sonucu iki (%1.6) örnek B. ovis DNA’sı yönünden pozitif belirlenmiştir. Pozitif belirlenen amplikonların, sekans analizleri yapılarak hedef gen bölgesine ait nükleotid dizilimler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen izolatların 18S rRNA gen bölgelerinin kendi aralarında nükleotit farklılığı saptanmamıştır. Bu nedenle elde edilen izolatlardan yalnızca birinin GenBank veri tabanına kaydı (PX606435) sağlanmıştır. Sekans kaydı gerçekleştirilen izolat GenBank veri tabanında mevcut B. ovis izolatları ile çoklu hizalaması yapılarak filogenetik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çoklu hizalama ve filogenetik analizler sonucunda B. ovis Shp-Bov izolatımızın Türkiye (OR984761, MN493112, KU342695, KY867435), İran (KY581552), Irak (MN309740) ve İspanya (AY533146)’dan bildirilen B. ovis izolatları ile birlikte kümelendiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile Develi yöresinde koyunlarda B. ovis’in moleküler karakterizasyonu yapılmış, Türkiye ve dünyadaki diğer B. ovis izolatları ile filogenetik ilişkileri ortaya konulmuştur.
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı Erciyes Üniversitesi Hayvan Deneyleri Yerel Etik Kurul (ERÜ-HADYEK) Başkanlığı’ndan alınmıştır (03.10.2024 tarih ve 24/172 sayılı).
Destekleyen Kurum
Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi
Proje Numarası
TYL-2024-14269
Teşekkür
Bu çalışmayı TYL-2024-14269 proje kodu ile destekleyen Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimine, pozitif kontrol temini için Fırat Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi öğretim üyesi Prof. Dr. Münir AKTAŞ’a ve laboratuvar çalışmalarında yardımcı olan doktora öğrencileri Batuhan Aşkım ARSLANHAN, Sümmani ÇİFCİ ve Samba Dequine DIOP’a teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
-
Aktas M, Altay K, Dumanli N. Survey of Theileria parasites of sheep in eastern Turkey using PCR. Small Rumin Res 2005; 60: 289-93.
-
Altay K, Aydın MF, Dumanli N, Aktas M. Molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia infections in cattle. Vet Parasitol 2008; 158: 295-301.
-
Altay K, Dumanli N, Aktas M. Molecular identification, genetic diversity and distribution of Theileria and Babesia species infecting small ruminants. Vet Parasitol 2007; 147(1-2): 161-5.
-
Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 1990; 215(3): 403-10.
-
Alvarez JA, Rojas C, Figueroa JV. Diagnostic tools for identifying Babesia in cattle. Pathogens 2019; 143.
-
Bock R, Jackson L, de Vos A, Jorgensen W. Babesiosis of cattle. Parasitology 2004; 129(Suppl): 247-69.
-
Ceylan O, Xuan X, Sevinç F. Primary tick-borne protozoan and rickettsial infections of animals in Turkey. Pathogens 2021a; 10:231.
-
Ceylan O, Byamukama B, Ceylan C, Galon EM, Liu M, Masatani T, Xuan X, Sevinç F. Tick-borne hemoparasites of sheep: molecular research in Turkey. Pathogens 2021b; 10(2): 162.
-
Esmaeilnejad B, Tavassoli M, Asri-Rezaei S, Dalir-Naghadeh B, Mardani K, Jalilzadeh-Amin G, Golabi M, Arjmand J. PCR-based detection of Babesia ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa and small ruminants. J Parasitol Res 2014; 294704.
-
Friedhoff KT. Tick-borne diseases of sheep and goats caused by Babesia, Theileria or Anaplasma spp. Parassitologia 1997; 39(2): 99-109.
-
Hashemi-Fesharki R. Studies on imidocarb dihydrochloride in Babesia ovis infection. Br Vet J 1977; 133(6): 609-14.
-
İnci A, İça A, Yıldırım A, Düzlü Ö. Identification of Babesia and Theileria species in small ruminants in Central Anatolia. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2010; 34(2): 205-10.
-
Inci A, Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Doganay M, Aksoy S. Tick-borne diseases in Turkey: a review based on One Health perspective. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10: e0005021.
-
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 2018; 35 (6): 1547-49.
-
Kuttler KL, Zaugg JL, Yunker CE. The pathogenicity and immunologic relationship of a virulent and a tissue-culture-adapted Babesia bovis. Vet Parasitol 1988; 27(3-4): 239-44.
-
Levine ND. Apicomplexa: The Piroplasms. Levine ND. ed. In: Veterinary Protozoology. Iowa State University Press, Ames, 1985; pp. 291-328.
-
Naderi A, Nayebzadeh H, Gholami S. Detection of Babesia infection among human, goats and sheep in West Iran. J Parasit Dis 2017; 41(3): 837-42.
-
Ozubek S, Ulucesme MC, Aktas M. Discovery of a novel species infecting goats: morphological and molecular characterization of Babesia aktasi n. sp. Pathogens 2023; 12(1): 113.
-
Posada D. jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol Biol Evol 2008; 25(7): 1253-6.
-
Rahbari S, Nabian S, Shayan P. Primary report on distribution of tick fauna in Iran. Parasitol Res 2007; 101(Suppl 2): 175-7.
-
Razmi GR, Naghibi A, Aslani MR, Fathivand M, Dastjerdi K. An epidemiological study on ovine babesiosis in Mashhad suburb, Iran. Vet Parasitol 2003; 108(2): 109-15.
-
Saraylı H, İnci A, İça A, Yıldırım A, Düzlü Ö. Yeşilhisar yöresindeki koyun ve keçilerde Babesia etkenlerinin Reverse Line Blotting (RLB) yöntemiyle araştırılması. ERÜ Sağlık Bil Derg 2006; 15(3): 181-9.
-
Schnittger L, Rodriguez AE, Florin-Christensen M, Morrison DA. Babesia: a world emerging. Infect Genet Evol 2012; 12(8): 1788-809.
-
Sevinç F, Turgut K, Sevinc M, Ekici OD, Coskun A, Koc Y, Erol M, Ica A. Therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate on Babesia ovis. Vet Parasitol 2007; 149: 65-71.
-
Sevinç F, Sevinç M, Ekici OD, Yildiz R, Isik N, Aydogdu U. Babesia ovis infections: Detailed clinical and laboratory observations in the pre-and post-treatment periods of 97 field cases. Vet Parasitol 2013; 191: 35-43.
-
Sevinç F, Xuan X. Major tick-borne parasitic diseases of animals: a frame of references in Turkey. Eurasian J Vet Sci 2015; 31(3): 132-42.
-
Taqddus A, Naeem M, Muqaddas H, Ceylan C, Ceylan O, Sevinc F, Rahravani M, Moravedji M, Sazmand A, Iqbal F. Molecular detection, epidemiology and phylogenetic evaluation of Babesia ovis in healthy goats. Res Vet Sci 2025; 191:105672.
-
Tavassoli M, Tabatabaei M, Mohammadi M, Esmaeilnejad B, Mohamadpour H. PCR-based detection of Babesia spp. infection in collected ticks from cattle in Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2013; 7(2): 132-8.
-
TÜİK. Hayvansal Üretim İstatistikleri 2025. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hayvancilik-Istatistikleri-Haziran-2025-53936 Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2025.
-
Uilenberg G, Rombach MC, Perié NM, Zwart D. Blood parasites of sheep in the Netherlands. II. Babesia motasi. Vet Q 1980; 2(1): 3-14.
-
Uilenberg G. Babesia-a historical overview. Vet Parasitol 2006; 138(1-2): 3-10.
-
Weiland G, Reiter I. Methods for measurement of serological response to Babesia. Ristic M. ed. In: Babesiosis of Domestic Animals and Man. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2018; pp. 143-62.
-
Yeruham I, Hadani A, Galker F. Some epizootiological and clinical aspects of ovine babesiosis caused by Babesia ovis-a review. Vet Parasitol 1998; 74(2-4): 153-63.
-
Zintl A, Mulcahy G, Skerrett HE, Taylor SM, Gray JS. Babesia divergens, a bovine blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003; 16(4): 622-36.
Molecular Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Babesia ovis in Sheep from the Develi District
Yıl 2026,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1
,
59
-
67
,
29.04.2026
Şükrü Serden Yıldırımlı
,
Simge Şahin
,
Zuhal Önder
Öz
This study aimed to investigate the molecular prevalence of Babesia ovis in sheep from the Develi district of Kayseri province. It was also aimed to determine the genetic characterization and phylogenetic relationships of B. ovis isolates. For this purpose, blood samples were collected into EDTA tubes from a total of 125 Akkaraman sheep of different ages and sexes in the Develi district between March and November 2025. Genomic DNA was isolated from the collected blood samples, and the isolates were subjected to PCR analyses using specific primers amplifying the 18S rRNA gene region of B. ovis. PCR analyses revealed that two samples (1.6%) were positive for B. ovis DNA. Sequence analyses of the positive amplicons were performed to obtain the nucleotide sequences of the target gene region. No nucleotide variation was observed among the 18S rRNA gene sequences of theobtained isolates. Therefore, only one of the isolates was submitted to the GenBank database (PX606435). The sequenced isolate was aligned with existing B. ovis isolates in the GenBank database, and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the B. ovis Shp-Bov isolate clustered together with previously reported B. ovis isolates from Türkiye (OR984761, MN493112, KU342695, KY867435), Iran (KY581552), Iraq (MN309740), and Spain (AY533146). In conclusion, this study provides the molecular characterization of B. ovis in sheep from the Develi district and elucidates its phylogenetic relationships with other B. ovis isolates from Türkiye and around the world.
Proje Numarası
TYL-2024-14269
Kaynakça
-
Aktas M, Altay K, Dumanli N. Survey of Theileria parasites of sheep in eastern Turkey using PCR. Small Rumin Res 2005; 60: 289-93.
-
Altay K, Aydın MF, Dumanli N, Aktas M. Molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia infections in cattle. Vet Parasitol 2008; 158: 295-301.
-
Altay K, Dumanli N, Aktas M. Molecular identification, genetic diversity and distribution of Theileria and Babesia species infecting small ruminants. Vet Parasitol 2007; 147(1-2): 161-5.
-
Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 1990; 215(3): 403-10.
-
Alvarez JA, Rojas C, Figueroa JV. Diagnostic tools for identifying Babesia in cattle. Pathogens 2019; 143.
-
Bock R, Jackson L, de Vos A, Jorgensen W. Babesiosis of cattle. Parasitology 2004; 129(Suppl): 247-69.
-
Ceylan O, Xuan X, Sevinç F. Primary tick-borne protozoan and rickettsial infections of animals in Turkey. Pathogens 2021a; 10:231.
-
Ceylan O, Byamukama B, Ceylan C, Galon EM, Liu M, Masatani T, Xuan X, Sevinç F. Tick-borne hemoparasites of sheep: molecular research in Turkey. Pathogens 2021b; 10(2): 162.
-
Esmaeilnejad B, Tavassoli M, Asri-Rezaei S, Dalir-Naghadeh B, Mardani K, Jalilzadeh-Amin G, Golabi M, Arjmand J. PCR-based detection of Babesia ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa and small ruminants. J Parasitol Res 2014; 294704.
-
Friedhoff KT. Tick-borne diseases of sheep and goats caused by Babesia, Theileria or Anaplasma spp. Parassitologia 1997; 39(2): 99-109.
-
Hashemi-Fesharki R. Studies on imidocarb dihydrochloride in Babesia ovis infection. Br Vet J 1977; 133(6): 609-14.
-
İnci A, İça A, Yıldırım A, Düzlü Ö. Identification of Babesia and Theileria species in small ruminants in Central Anatolia. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2010; 34(2): 205-10.
-
Inci A, Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Doganay M, Aksoy S. Tick-borne diseases in Turkey: a review based on One Health perspective. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10: e0005021.
-
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 2018; 35 (6): 1547-49.
-
Kuttler KL, Zaugg JL, Yunker CE. The pathogenicity and immunologic relationship of a virulent and a tissue-culture-adapted Babesia bovis. Vet Parasitol 1988; 27(3-4): 239-44.
-
Levine ND. Apicomplexa: The Piroplasms. Levine ND. ed. In: Veterinary Protozoology. Iowa State University Press, Ames, 1985; pp. 291-328.
-
Naderi A, Nayebzadeh H, Gholami S. Detection of Babesia infection among human, goats and sheep in West Iran. J Parasit Dis 2017; 41(3): 837-42.
-
Ozubek S, Ulucesme MC, Aktas M. Discovery of a novel species infecting goats: morphological and molecular characterization of Babesia aktasi n. sp. Pathogens 2023; 12(1): 113.
-
Posada D. jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol Biol Evol 2008; 25(7): 1253-6.
-
Rahbari S, Nabian S, Shayan P. Primary report on distribution of tick fauna in Iran. Parasitol Res 2007; 101(Suppl 2): 175-7.
-
Razmi GR, Naghibi A, Aslani MR, Fathivand M, Dastjerdi K. An epidemiological study on ovine babesiosis in Mashhad suburb, Iran. Vet Parasitol 2003; 108(2): 109-15.
-
Saraylı H, İnci A, İça A, Yıldırım A, Düzlü Ö. Yeşilhisar yöresindeki koyun ve keçilerde Babesia etkenlerinin Reverse Line Blotting (RLB) yöntemiyle araştırılması. ERÜ Sağlık Bil Derg 2006; 15(3): 181-9.
-
Schnittger L, Rodriguez AE, Florin-Christensen M, Morrison DA. Babesia: a world emerging. Infect Genet Evol 2012; 12(8): 1788-809.
-
Sevinç F, Turgut K, Sevinc M, Ekici OD, Coskun A, Koc Y, Erol M, Ica A. Therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate on Babesia ovis. Vet Parasitol 2007; 149: 65-71.
-
Sevinç F, Sevinç M, Ekici OD, Yildiz R, Isik N, Aydogdu U. Babesia ovis infections: Detailed clinical and laboratory observations in the pre-and post-treatment periods of 97 field cases. Vet Parasitol 2013; 191: 35-43.
-
Sevinç F, Xuan X. Major tick-borne parasitic diseases of animals: a frame of references in Turkey. Eurasian J Vet Sci 2015; 31(3): 132-42.
-
Taqddus A, Naeem M, Muqaddas H, Ceylan C, Ceylan O, Sevinc F, Rahravani M, Moravedji M, Sazmand A, Iqbal F. Molecular detection, epidemiology and phylogenetic evaluation of Babesia ovis in healthy goats. Res Vet Sci 2025; 191:105672.
-
Tavassoli M, Tabatabaei M, Mohammadi M, Esmaeilnejad B, Mohamadpour H. PCR-based detection of Babesia spp. infection in collected ticks from cattle in Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2013; 7(2): 132-8.
-
TÜİK. Hayvansal Üretim İstatistikleri 2025. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hayvancilik-Istatistikleri-Haziran-2025-53936 Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2025.
-
Uilenberg G, Rombach MC, Perié NM, Zwart D. Blood parasites of sheep in the Netherlands. II. Babesia motasi. Vet Q 1980; 2(1): 3-14.
-
Uilenberg G. Babesia-a historical overview. Vet Parasitol 2006; 138(1-2): 3-10.
-
Weiland G, Reiter I. Methods for measurement of serological response to Babesia. Ristic M. ed. In: Babesiosis of Domestic Animals and Man. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2018; pp. 143-62.
-
Yeruham I, Hadani A, Galker F. Some epizootiological and clinical aspects of ovine babesiosis caused by Babesia ovis-a review. Vet Parasitol 1998; 74(2-4): 153-63.
-
Zintl A, Mulcahy G, Skerrett HE, Taylor SM, Gray JS. Babesia divergens, a bovine blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003; 16(4): 622-36.