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TEKNOLOJİ TABANLI TURİZM PERSPEKTİFİNİN KAVRAMSAL ANALİZİ: HİBRİT BAKIŞ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 563 - 580, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1648299

Öz

Teknoloji ve sosyal medyanın yaygınlaşan kullanımına rağmen, dijital görselliğin turist davranışları üzerindeki etkileri halen merak konusudur. Özellikle teknoloji ve sosyal medya kullanımıyla bilinen genç bireylerin görsel içeriklerle olan etkileşimi ve bu dönüşümün turistik seyahat algılamaları üzerindeki rolü yeterince açıklığa kavuşturulmamıştır. Turist bakışı teorisine dayanan bu araştırmanın amacı, teknoloji ve dijital içeriklerin gençlerin turizm algılamaları üzerindeki etkisini kavramsal bir çerçevede incelemektir. Bulgular, gençlerin sanal dünyada yaşadığı görsel tüketimin, yoğun bir etkileşim yarattığı ve bu etkileşimin sosyal medya aracılığıyla hibrit bir bakış açısının gelişimine katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca yeni nesil teknolojiler ve sanal içeriklerin gençler üzerindeki bu güçlü etkisi, turist bakışının yeniden gözden geçirilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmaktadır. Gençlerin turizm ve seyahat deneyimlerinin teknolojiye olan bağımlılıklarıyla evrildiği ve bu nedenle gençlerin deneyimlerini daha iyi anlamaya yönelik yeni bakış çalışmalarının alanın birikimsel ilerleyişine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, klasik bakış teorilerinin ötesine geçerek sunulan hibrit bakış, gençlerin turizm ve boş zaman deneyimlerini derinlemesine anlayabilmek için yeni bir kavramsal rehber olabilir.

Kaynakça

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  • Andersson, T. D. (2007). The tourist in the experience economy. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 46–58.
  • Arnould, E. J., & Price, L. L. (1993). River magic: Extraordinary experience and the extended service encounter. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(1), 24-45.
  • Ayeh, J. K. (2018). Distracted gaze: Problematic use of mobile technologies in vacation contexts. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 31-38.
  • Beck, J., Rainoldi, M., & Egger, R. (2019). Virtual reality in tourism: a state-of-the-art review. Tourism review, 74(3), 586-612.
  • Berry, L. L., Carbone, L. P., & Haeckel, S. H. (2002). Managing the total customer experience. MIT Sloan Management Review, 43(3), 85-89.
  • Bizirgianni, I., & Dionysopoulou, P. (2013). The influence of tourist trends of youth tourism through social media (SM) & information and communication technologies (ICTs). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 73, 652- 660.
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  • Chakravarty, U., Chand, G., & Singh, U. N. (2021). Millennial travel vlogs: emergence of a new form of virtual tourism in the post-pandemic era?. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 13(5), 666-676.
  • Chatzigeorgiou, C. (2017). Modelling the impact of social media influencers on behavioural intentions of millennials: The case of tourism in rural areas in Greece. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing, 3(2), 25-29.
  • Cheng, Y., Wei, W., & Zhang, L. (2020). Seeing destinations through vlogs: implications for leveraging customer engagement behavior to increase travel intention. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(10), 3227-3248.
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  • De las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Millan-Celis, E., Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., & Jambrino-Maldonado, C. (2020). Importance of social media in the image formation of tourist destinations from the stakeholders’ perspective. Sustainability, 12(10), 4092.
  • Denzin, N. K. (1992). Symbolic Interactionism and Cultural Studies: The Politics of Interpretation. Blackwell Publishing.
  • Dewantara, M. H., Gardiner, S., & Jin, X. (2023). Travel vlog ecosystem in tourism digital marketing evolution: a narrative literature review. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(19), 3125-3139.
  • Dionysopoulou, P., & Mylonakis, J. (2013). Youth tourists’ profile and their travel choices as influenced by social media networks. European Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 1(3), 22-35.
  • Dresler, E. (2024). Exploring moral gaze: Children gazing at suffering in dark tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 53, 101293.
  • Duffy, A. (2019). Two-way street: How smartphones and the social web impact the traveller’s liminal gaze. Mobile Media & Communication, 7(1), 60-75.
  • Fan, X., Jiang, X., & Deng, N. (2022). Immersive technology: A meta-analysis of augmented/virtual reality applications and their impact on tourism experience. Tourism Management, 91, 104534.
  • Frochot, I., Elliot, S., & Kreziak, D. (2017). Digging deep into the experience–flow and immersion patterns in a mountain holiday. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 11(1), 81-91.
  • Gentile, C., Spiller, N., & Noci, G. (2007). How to sustain the customer experience: An overview of experience components that co-create value with the customer. European Management Journal, 25(5), 395–410.
  • Godovykh, M., & Tasci, A. D. (2020). Customer experience in tourism: A review of definitions, components, and measurements. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100694
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CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF A TECHNOLOGY-BASED TOURISM PERSPECTIVE: HYBRID GAZE

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 563 - 580, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1648299

Öz

Despite the proliferation of technology and social media, the impact of digital visuals on tourism behavior is still a matter of debate. Especially for young people who frequently use technology and its extensions, there is limited knowledge about their interaction with digital visual content and the transformation created by this interaction. At this point, this study, which is based on the tourist gaze theory, conceptually evaluates how technology and digital content affect young people's perceptions of tourism through the literature. The research findings show that young tourists are exposed to intense interaction with content in digital environments and that this interaction develops a hybrid gaze shaped by social media. Furthermore, this significant impact of new generation technologies and virtual content on young individuals prompts a reconsideration of the traditional tourist gaze. It is suggested that young people's tourism and travel experiences evolve in conjunction with their dependence on technology, thereby indicating that new gaze studies aimed at enhancing the understanding of young people's experiences will contribute to the cumulative advancement of the field. In this direction, the hybrid gaze that extends beyond classical theoretical frameworks can serve as a new conceptual guide for a deeper understanding of young people's tourism and leisure experiences.

Kaynakça

  • Aho, S. K. (2001). Towards a general theory of touristic experiences: Modelling experience process in tourism. Tourism Review, 56(3/4), 33-37.
  • Andersson, T. D. (2007). The tourist in the experience economy. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 46–58.
  • Arnould, E. J., & Price, L. L. (1993). River magic: Extraordinary experience and the extended service encounter. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(1), 24-45.
  • Ayeh, J. K. (2018). Distracted gaze: Problematic use of mobile technologies in vacation contexts. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 31-38.
  • Beck, J., Rainoldi, M., & Egger, R. (2019). Virtual reality in tourism: a state-of-the-art review. Tourism review, 74(3), 586-612.
  • Berry, L. L., Carbone, L. P., & Haeckel, S. H. (2002). Managing the total customer experience. MIT Sloan Management Review, 43(3), 85-89.
  • Bizirgianni, I., & Dionysopoulou, P. (2013). The influence of tourist trends of youth tourism through social media (SM) & information and communication technologies (ICTs). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 73, 652- 660.
  • Bolmont, M., Cacioppo, J. T., & Cacioppo, S. (2014). Love is in the gaze: An eye-tracking study of love and sexual desire. Psychological Science, 25(9), 1748-1756.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1977). The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information, 16(6), 645–668
  • Burgess, S., Sellitto, C., Cox, C., & Buultjens, J. (2009). User-generated content (UGC) in tourism: Benefits and concerns of online consumers. In ECIS (pp. 417-429).
  • Campos, A. C., Mendes, J., Valle, P. O. D., & Scott, N. (2018). Co-creation of tourist experiences: A literature review. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(4), 369-400.
  • Canavan, B. (2020). Let's get this show on the road! Introducing the tourist celebrity gaze. Annals of Tourism Research, 82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102898
  • Carlson, R. A. (1997). Experienced cognition. Psychology Press.
  • Chakravarty, U., Chand, G., & Singh, U. N. (2021). Millennial travel vlogs: emergence of a new form of virtual tourism in the post-pandemic era?. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 13(5), 666-676.
  • Chatzigeorgiou, C. (2017). Modelling the impact of social media influencers on behavioural intentions of millennials: The case of tourism in rural areas in Greece. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing, 3(2), 25-29.
  • Cheng, Y., Wei, W., & Zhang, L. (2020). Seeing destinations through vlogs: implications for leveraging customer engagement behavior to increase travel intention. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(10), 3227-3248.
  • Chon, K. K. S., & Hao, F. (2025). Technological evolution in tourism: a Horizon 2050 perspective. Tourism Review, 80(1), 313-325.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M., (1990). Flow—The psychology of optimal experience. Harper & Row Publisher.
  • De las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Millan-Celis, E., Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., & Jambrino-Maldonado, C. (2020). Importance of social media in the image formation of tourist destinations from the stakeholders’ perspective. Sustainability, 12(10), 4092.
  • Denzin, N. K. (1992). Symbolic Interactionism and Cultural Studies: The Politics of Interpretation. Blackwell Publishing.
  • Dewantara, M. H., Gardiner, S., & Jin, X. (2023). Travel vlog ecosystem in tourism digital marketing evolution: a narrative literature review. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(19), 3125-3139.
  • Dionysopoulou, P., & Mylonakis, J. (2013). Youth tourists’ profile and their travel choices as influenced by social media networks. European Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 1(3), 22-35.
  • Dresler, E. (2024). Exploring moral gaze: Children gazing at suffering in dark tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 53, 101293.
  • Duffy, A. (2019). Two-way street: How smartphones and the social web impact the traveller’s liminal gaze. Mobile Media & Communication, 7(1), 60-75.
  • Fan, X., Jiang, X., & Deng, N. (2022). Immersive technology: A meta-analysis of augmented/virtual reality applications and their impact on tourism experience. Tourism Management, 91, 104534.
  • Frochot, I., Elliot, S., & Kreziak, D. (2017). Digging deep into the experience–flow and immersion patterns in a mountain holiday. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 11(1), 81-91.
  • Gentile, C., Spiller, N., & Noci, G. (2007). How to sustain the customer experience: An overview of experience components that co-create value with the customer. European Management Journal, 25(5), 395–410.
  • Godovykh, M., & Tasci, A. D. (2020). Customer experience in tourism: A review of definitions, components, and measurements. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100694
  • Grosvenor, I. (2007). From the ‘eye of history’to ‘a second gaze’: The visual archive and the marginalized in the history of education. History of Education, 36(4-5), 607-622.
  • Gumpo, C. I. V., Chuchu, T., Maziriri, E. T., & Madinga, N. W. (2020). Examining the usage of instagram as a source of information for young consumers when determining tourist destinations. South African Journal of Information Management, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajim.v22i1.1136
  • Gupta, S., & Vajic, M. (1999). The contextual and dialectical nature of experiences. In fitzsimmons, J., Fitzsimmons, M. (Eds.), New Service Development. (pp. 33-51). Sage Publications.
  • Hirschman, E. C., & Holbrook, M. B. (1982). Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of Marketing, 48(3), 92–101.
  • Hollinshead, K. (1999). Surveillance of the worlds of tourism: Foucault and the eye-of-power. Tourism Management, 20(1), 7-23.
  • Holloway, D., Green, L., & Holloway, D. (2011). The intratourist gaze: Grey nomads and ‘other tourists’. Tourist Studies, 11(3), 235-252.
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  • Yılmaz, G. (2018). Üniversite gençliğinin turizme bakış açısı: İstanbul Arel üniversitesi örneği. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(8), 1516–1538.
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  • Zhou, Q., Sotiriadis, M., & Shen, S. (2023). Using TikTok in tourism destination choice: A young Chinese tourists' perspective. Tourism Management Perspectives, 46, 101101.
Toplam 105 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Turist Davranışı ve Ziyaretçi Deneyimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Burak Atasoy 0000-0002-9742-8112

Oğuz Türkay 0000-0002-0752-6799

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Haziran 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 28 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Atasoy, B., & Türkay, O. (2025). CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF A TECHNOLOGY-BASED TOURISM PERSPECTIVE: HYBRID GAZE. Erciyes Akademi, 39(2), 563-580. https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1648299

ERCİYES AKADEMİ | 2021 | erciyesakademi@erciyes.edu.tr Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-Gayri Ticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.