Bir Biyokütle Enerji Santralinde Ön Isıtma İyileştirmesinin Sistem Üzerindeki Enerjetik ve Ekserjetik Performanslara Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi

Öz

Dünya genelinde enerji gereksiniminin büyük bir kısmı halen petrol, kömür ve doğal gaz gibi fosil yakıtlarla karşılanmaktadır. Ancak, bu kaynakların sınırlı oluşu ve çevreye verdikleri zararlar, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yönelimi hızlandırmıştır. Bu çalışma, Tokat ilinde kurulu olan buğday atığı(sapı) yakıtlı bir biyokütle enerji santralinin termodinamik performansını, iki farklı işletme koşulu altında deneysel verilerle incelemektedir. İlk durumda ön ısıtma kazan çıkışından alınan doymuş buhar ile yapılmıştır, iyileştirme sonrasında ön ısıtma türbin ekstraksiyonundan gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, santralde uygulanan iyileştirmenin sistem verimi üzerindeki etkisini enerji ve ekserji analizleri ile karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya koymaktır. İyileştirme öncesi durumda, yakıt debisi 7.842 t/s olup, termal verim %21.45 ve ekserjetik verim %20.43 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ekserjetik verimin termal verimden düşük olması termodinamik olarak beklenen bir sonuçtur. İyileştirme sonrasında, yakıt debisi 7.156 t/s düşmüş, net güç çıkışı ise 6500 kW’tan 6550 kW’a yükselmiştir. Termal verim %21.45’ten %23.68’e, ekserjetik verim ise %20.43’ten %22.56’ya yükselmiştir. Yakıt tüketimi %8.75 oranında azalmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyokütle
• Biyokütle santrali
• Enerji analizi
• Ekserji analizi
• Rankine çevrimi

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma CEMAK Enerji Tokat Santralinde yapılmıştır. CEMAK Enerji Tokat Santraline teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Preheating Improvement in a Biomass Power Plant on the Energetic and Exergetic Performance of the System

Öz

A significant portion of the world's energy needs is still met by fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas. However, the limited nature of these resources and the damage they cause to the environment have accelerated the shift towards renewable energy sources. This study experimentally examines the thermodynamic performance of a wheat waste(stalk) fueled biomass power plant located in Tokat province under two different operating conditions. In the first case, preheating was performed from boiler output by saturated steam, while after the improvement, preheating was performed in the turbine extraction. The main objective of the study is to reveal the effect of the improvement applied in the plant on system efficiency through comparative energy and exergy analyses. Before the improvement, the fuel flow rate was 7,842 t/h, and the thermal efficiency was calculated as 21.45% and the exergy efficiency as 20.43%. The fact that the exergy efficiency is lower than the thermal efficiency is a thermodynamically expected result. After the improvement, the fuel flow rate decreased to 7,156 t/h, while the net power output increased from 6,500 kW to 6,550 kW. Thermal efficiency increased from 21.45% to 23.68%, while exergy efficiency increased from 20.43% to 22.56%. Fuel consumption decreased by 8.75%.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biomass
• Biomass power plant
• Energy analysis
• Exergy analysis
• Rankine cycle

Teşekkür

This study was conducted at the CEMAK Energy Tokat Power Plant. We would like to express our gratitude to the CEMAK Energy Tokat Power Plant.

Kaynakça

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