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TESTING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND REVENUE: CASE OF KYRGYZSTAN

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 49, 1 - 26, 28.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323899

Öz

Sound fiscal policy is very important to promote price stability and
sustainable growth in real economy. Thus, understanding the relationship
between government spending and revenue is also essential to evaluate how to
address fiscal imbalances. So, the focus of this research is to investigate the
relationship between government revenue and spending in Kyrgyzstan for
1995-2014 period. For this purpose we have used an ARDL and VAR approaches.
Findings support “the tax- spend hypothesis” for fiscal discipline in
Kyrgyzstan. In other words, according to the results, increase in real
government revenue results in even higher public
expenditure.

Kaynakça

  • ABDUL AZIZ, M. and Muzafar Shah HABIBULLAH; (2000), “Testing For Causality between Taxation and Government Spending: An Application of Toda-Yamamoto Approach.” Pertanika Journal of Social Science & Humanities, 8(1), pp. 45-50.
  • ABUAL-FOUL, Bassam ve Hamid BAGHESTANI; (2004), “The Causal Relation between Government Revenue and Spending: Evidence from Egypt and Jordan”, Journal of Economics and Finance, 28 (2), pp. 260–269.
  • AHIAKPOR, James C. W. ve Saleh AMIRKHALKHALI; (1989), “On the Difficulty of Eliminating Deficits with Higher Taxes: Some Canadian Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 56, pp. 24-31.
  • AKAR, Sevda; (2014), "Türkiye'de Bütçe Gelir ve Harcamalarının Ampirik Analizi", Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu, Bankacılık ve Finansal Piyasalar Dergisi, 8(1), ss.141-159.
  • AKÇAĞLAYAN, Anıl ve Meltem KAYIRAN; (2010), “Türkiye`de Kamu Harcamaları ve Gelirleri: Nedensellik İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 5(2), ss. 129-130.
  • AKÇORAOGLU, Alpaslan; (1999), “Kamu Harcamaları, Kamu Gelirleri ve Keynesci Politikalar: Bir Nedensellik Analizi”, Gazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 2, ss. 51-65.
  • ALFONSO, Antonio ve Cristophe RAULT; (2009), “Spend and Tax: A Panel Data Investigation for The EU”, Economics Bulletin, 29(4), pp. 2542-2548.
  • ALI, Rafeqet and Mahmood SHAH; (2012), “The Causal Relationship between Government Spending and Revenue in Pakistan”, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 12(3), pp. 323-329.
  • AL-KHULAIFI, Abdulla; (2012), “The Relationship between Government Revenue and Spending in Qatar: A Cointegration and Causality Investigation”, International Journal of Economics and Finance, 4(9), pp. 142-148.
  • AL-QUDAIR, Khalid; (2005), “The Relationship between Government Spending and Revenues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Testing for Cointegration and Causality”, JKAU: Econ. & Adm., 19(1), pp. 1-43.
  • ANDERSON, William; Myles WALLACE and John WARNER; (1986), “Government Spending and Taxation: What Causes What?” Southern Economic Journal, 52(3), pp. 630-639.
  • APERGIS, Nicholas; James PAYNE ve James SAUNORIS; (2012),"Tax-spend Nexus in Greece: Are There Asymmetries?", Journal of Economic Studies, 39 (3), pp. 327 – 336.
  • AREGBEYEN, Omo and Taofik Mohammed IBRAHIM; (2012). “Testing the Revenue and Spending Nexus in Nigeria: An Application of the Bound Test Approach”, European Journal of Social Sciences, 27(3), pp. 374-380.
  • ASLAN, Murat ve Murat TASDEMİR; (2009), “Is Fiscal Synchronization Hypothesis Relevant for Turkey? Evidence from Cointegration and Causality Tests with Endogenous Structural Breaks”, Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, 12, pp. 14-25.
  • BAGHESTANI, Hamid and Robert MCNOWN; (1994) “Do Revenue or Spending Respond to Budgetary Disequilibria?”, Southern Economic Journal, 6(2), pp. 311-322.
  • BARRO, Robert; (1979), “On The Determination of The Public Debt”, Journal of Political Economy, 81, pp. 940-971.
  • BOHN, Henning; (1991), “Budget Balance Through Revenue or Spending Adjustments?”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 27, pp. 333-359.
  • BUCHANAN, James and Richard WAGNER; (1978), “Dialogues Concerning Fiscal Religion”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 4 (3), pp. 627-636
  • BUCHANAN, James and Richard WAGNER; (1977), Democracy in Deficit: The Political Legacy of Lord Keynes, New York: Academic Press.
  • CHANG, Tsangyao and Gengnan CHIANG; (2009), “Revisiting the Government Revenue-Expenditure Nexus: Evidence from 15 OECD Countries Based On the Panel Data Approach”, Czech Journal of Economics and Finance, 59(2), pp. 165-172.
  • CHANG, Tsangyao; Wen Rong LİU and Steven B. CAUDILL; (2002), “Tax and Spend, Spend and Tax, or Fiscal Synchronization: New Evidence for Ten Countries”, Applied Economics, 34, pp. 1553–1561.
  • CHEN, Shyh-Wei; (2008), “Untangling The Web of Causalities Among Four Disaggregate Government Expenditures, Government Revenue and Output in Taiwan”, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 6 (1), 99-107.
  • CHENG, Benjamin; (1999), “Causality Between Taxes and Expenditures: Evidence from Latin American Countries”, Journal of Economics and Finance 23 (2), pp. 184-92.
  • ÇAVUŞOĞLU, Tarkan; (2008), “Türkiye’de Kamu Gelirleri ile Kamu Harcamaları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20, ss. 143-160.
  • DARRAT, Ali; (1998), “Tax and Spend, or Spend and Tax? An Inquiry into the Turkish Budgetary Process”, Southern Economic Journal, 64 (4), pp. 940-956.
  • DÖKMEN, Gökhan; (2012), “Kamu Harcamaları ve Kamu Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Nedensellik Analizi”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), ss.115-143
  • EITA, Joel Hinaunye and Daisy MBAZIMA; (2008) “The Causal Relationship Between Government Revenue and Spending in Namibia”, Munich Personal Repec Archive (MPRA) Paper, No: 9154.
  • ELYASI, Yousef and Mohammed RAHIMI; (2012), “The Causality between Government Revenue and Government Spending in Iran”, International Journal of Economic Sciences and Applied Research, 5(1), pp. 129-145.
  • European Union; (2014), Internet Address: http://eulaw.edu.ru /documents/legislation /eea/pca_kyrgyz.htm, Date of Access: 05.06.2014.
  • FASANO Ugo and Qing WANG; (2002), “Testing the Relationship Between Government Spending and Revenue: Evidence from GCC Countries”, IMF, Working Paper, No. 21.
  • FRIEDMAN, Milton; (1972), An Economist's Protest, New Jersey: Thomas Horton and Company.
  • FRIEDMAN, Milton; (1978), “The Limitations of Tax Limitation”, Policy Review, Summer, pp. 7-14.
  • GOUNDER, Neelesh and Paresh Kumar NARAYAN; (2005), “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Government Revenue and Expenditure: The Case of the Fiji Islands”, In submission at International Review of Applied Economics, 24.
  • GÜNAYDIN, İhsan; (2004), “Vergi‐Harcama Tartışması: Türkiye Örneği”, Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 5(2), ss. 163‐181.
  • HASAN, Ayed Akif; Muhammad İmtiaz SUBHANI; Amber OSMAN andTanzeel RAFIQ; (2012), “An Investigation of Granger Causality between Tax Revenues and Government Spendings”, European Journal of Scientifics Research, 68(3), pp. 340-344.
  • HASAN, Muhammad and lan LINCOLN; (1997), “Tax Then Spend or Spend Then Tax? Experience in the UK 1961- 1993”, Applied Economics Letters, 4, pp. 237-239.
  • HENREKSON, Magnus; (1993), “The Peacock-Wiseman Hypothesis”, The Growth of The Public Sector, Theories and International Evidence, in Norman GEMMELL (Ed.), Aldershot: Edward Elgar, pp. 53–71.
  • HONDROYIANNIS, George and Evangelia PAPAPETROU; (1996), “An Examination of The Causal Relationship Between Government Spending and Revenue: Acointegration Analysis”, Public Choice, 89 (3-4), pp. 363-374.
  • HONG, Tan Juat; (2009) “Tax-and-Spend or Spend-and-Tax? Empirical Evidence from Malaysia”, Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance, 5(1), pp. 107-115.
  • HUSSAIN, Haider; (2004), “On the Causal Relationship Between Government Expenditure and Tax Revenue in Pakistan”, The Lahore Journal of Economics, 9(2), pp. 105-118.
  • HYE, Qazi Muhammad Adnan and Anwar JALIL; (2010), “Revenue and Spending Nexus: A Case Study of Romania”, Romanian Journal of Fiscal Policy, 1(1), pp. 22-28.
  • KATRAKILIDIS, Constantinos; (1997), “Spending and Revenues in Greece: New Evidence from Error Correction Modelling”, Applied Economics Letters, 4 (6), pp. 387-391.
  • KAYA, Ayşe ve Hüseyin ŞEN; (2013), “How to Achieve and Sustain Fiscal Discipline in Turkey: Rising Taxes, Reducing Government Spending or A Combination of Both?”, Romanian Journal of Fiscal Policy, 4(1) pp. 1-26.
  • Kırgız Cumhuriyeti İstatistik Komitesi; (2014), İnternet Adresi: www.stat.kg. Erişim Tarihi: 05.06.2014.
  • KONUKCU, Önal Debi ve Ayşe Nil TOSUN; (2008) “Government Revenue-Spending Nexus: Evidence from Several Transitional Economies”, Economic Annals, 178/179, pp. 145-156.
  • LI, Xiaoming; (2001), “Government Revenue, Government Expenditure, and Temporal Causality: Evidence from China”, Applied Economics, 23, pp. 485- 497.
  • MANAGE, Neela and Michael MARLOW; (1986), “The Causal Relation Between Federal Expenditures and Receipts”, Southern Economic Journal, 52, pp. 617-29.
  • MELTZER, Allan and Scott RICHARD; (1981), “A Rational Theory of the Size of the Government”, Journal of Political Economy, 89, pp. 914-927.
  • MITHANI, D. M. and Goh Soo KHOON; (1999), “Causality between Government Spending and Revenue in Malaysia, A Seasonal Cointegration Test”, ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 16(1), pp. 69-79.
  • MUSGRAVE, Richard (1966), “Principles of Budget Determination”, in H. Cameron and W. Henderson (Ed.), Public Finance: Selected Readings, New York: Random House, pp.15-27.
  • NARAYAN, Paresh Kumar and Russell SMYTH; (2006a), “What Determines Migration Flows From Low-Income To High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation Of FijiUS Migration 1972-2001”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2), pp. 332-342.
  • NARAYAN, Paresh Kumar and Seema NARAYAN; (2006), “Government Revenue and Government Expenditure Nexus: Evidence from Developing Countries”, Applied Economics, 38, pp. 285–291.
  • NARAYAN, Paresh Kumar; (2005), “The Government Revenue and Government Expenditure Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Nine Asian Countries”, Journal of Asian Economics, 15, pp. 1203–1216.
  • OWOYE, Olowole; (1995), “The Causal Relationship between Taxes and Spendings in the G7 Countries: Cointegration and Error-Correction Models”, Applied Economics Letters, 2, pp. 19-22.
  • PARK, Wan Kyu; (1998), “Granger Causality Between Government Revenues and Expenditures in Korea”, Journal of Economic Development, 23 (1), pp. 145-55.
  • PAYNE, James; (1997), “The Tax-spend Debate: Time Series Evidence from State Budgets”, Public Choice, 95 (3-4), pp. 307-320.
  • PEACOCK, Alan and Jach WISEMAN; (1979), “Approaches to the Analysis of Government Spending Growth”. Public Finance Quarterly, 7, pp. 3-23.
  • RAM, Rati; (1988), “Additional Evidence on Causality Between Government Revenues and Government Expenditure”, Southern Economic Journal, 54(3), pp. 763-769.
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KAMU HARCAMALARI VE GELİRLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN TEST EDİLMESİ: KIRGIZİSTAN ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 49, 1 - 26, 28.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323899

Öz

Reel ekonominin
istikrarlı büyümesi ve fiyat istikrarı açısından, sağlıklı bir maliye
politikası büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Kamu harcamaları ile kamu gelirleri
arasındaki ilişkinin bilinmesi mali dengesizliklerin giderilmesinde de ayrıca
önemlidir. Bu çalışmada ARDL ve VAR yaklaşımları yardımıyla Kırgızistan
ekonomisinde kamu gelirleri ile harcamaları arasındaki ilişki 1995-2014 dönemi için
araştırılmıştır. Bulgular Kırgızistan ekonomisinde ‘vergi-harcama hipotezinin’
geçerli olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle, araştırılan dönem içinde kamunun
reel gelirlerinde meydana gelen artışın, kamu harcamalarında kendisinden daha fazla
bir artışa neden olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • ABDUL AZIZ, M. and Muzafar Shah HABIBULLAH; (2000), “Testing For Causality between Taxation and Government Spending: An Application of Toda-Yamamoto Approach.” Pertanika Journal of Social Science & Humanities, 8(1), pp. 45-50.
  • ABUAL-FOUL, Bassam ve Hamid BAGHESTANI; (2004), “The Causal Relation between Government Revenue and Spending: Evidence from Egypt and Jordan”, Journal of Economics and Finance, 28 (2), pp. 260–269.
  • AHIAKPOR, James C. W. ve Saleh AMIRKHALKHALI; (1989), “On the Difficulty of Eliminating Deficits with Higher Taxes: Some Canadian Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 56, pp. 24-31.
  • AKAR, Sevda; (2014), "Türkiye'de Bütçe Gelir ve Harcamalarının Ampirik Analizi", Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu, Bankacılık ve Finansal Piyasalar Dergisi, 8(1), ss.141-159.
  • AKÇAĞLAYAN, Anıl ve Meltem KAYIRAN; (2010), “Türkiye`de Kamu Harcamaları ve Gelirleri: Nedensellik İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 5(2), ss. 129-130.
  • AKÇORAOGLU, Alpaslan; (1999), “Kamu Harcamaları, Kamu Gelirleri ve Keynesci Politikalar: Bir Nedensellik Analizi”, Gazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 2, ss. 51-65.
  • ALFONSO, Antonio ve Cristophe RAULT; (2009), “Spend and Tax: A Panel Data Investigation for The EU”, Economics Bulletin, 29(4), pp. 2542-2548.
  • ALI, Rafeqet and Mahmood SHAH; (2012), “The Causal Relationship between Government Spending and Revenue in Pakistan”, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 12(3), pp. 323-329.
  • AL-KHULAIFI, Abdulla; (2012), “The Relationship between Government Revenue and Spending in Qatar: A Cointegration and Causality Investigation”, International Journal of Economics and Finance, 4(9), pp. 142-148.
  • AL-QUDAIR, Khalid; (2005), “The Relationship between Government Spending and Revenues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Testing for Cointegration and Causality”, JKAU: Econ. & Adm., 19(1), pp. 1-43.
  • ANDERSON, William; Myles WALLACE and John WARNER; (1986), “Government Spending and Taxation: What Causes What?” Southern Economic Journal, 52(3), pp. 630-639.
  • APERGIS, Nicholas; James PAYNE ve James SAUNORIS; (2012),"Tax-spend Nexus in Greece: Are There Asymmetries?", Journal of Economic Studies, 39 (3), pp. 327 – 336.
  • AREGBEYEN, Omo and Taofik Mohammed IBRAHIM; (2012). “Testing the Revenue and Spending Nexus in Nigeria: An Application of the Bound Test Approach”, European Journal of Social Sciences, 27(3), pp. 374-380.
  • ASLAN, Murat ve Murat TASDEMİR; (2009), “Is Fiscal Synchronization Hypothesis Relevant for Turkey? Evidence from Cointegration and Causality Tests with Endogenous Structural Breaks”, Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, 12, pp. 14-25.
  • BAGHESTANI, Hamid and Robert MCNOWN; (1994) “Do Revenue or Spending Respond to Budgetary Disequilibria?”, Southern Economic Journal, 6(2), pp. 311-322.
  • BARRO, Robert; (1979), “On The Determination of The Public Debt”, Journal of Political Economy, 81, pp. 940-971.
  • BOHN, Henning; (1991), “Budget Balance Through Revenue or Spending Adjustments?”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 27, pp. 333-359.
  • BUCHANAN, James and Richard WAGNER; (1978), “Dialogues Concerning Fiscal Religion”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 4 (3), pp. 627-636
  • BUCHANAN, James and Richard WAGNER; (1977), Democracy in Deficit: The Political Legacy of Lord Keynes, New York: Academic Press.
  • CHANG, Tsangyao and Gengnan CHIANG; (2009), “Revisiting the Government Revenue-Expenditure Nexus: Evidence from 15 OECD Countries Based On the Panel Data Approach”, Czech Journal of Economics and Finance, 59(2), pp. 165-172.
  • CHANG, Tsangyao; Wen Rong LİU and Steven B. CAUDILL; (2002), “Tax and Spend, Spend and Tax, or Fiscal Synchronization: New Evidence for Ten Countries”, Applied Economics, 34, pp. 1553–1561.
  • CHEN, Shyh-Wei; (2008), “Untangling The Web of Causalities Among Four Disaggregate Government Expenditures, Government Revenue and Output in Taiwan”, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 6 (1), 99-107.
  • CHENG, Benjamin; (1999), “Causality Between Taxes and Expenditures: Evidence from Latin American Countries”, Journal of Economics and Finance 23 (2), pp. 184-92.
  • ÇAVUŞOĞLU, Tarkan; (2008), “Türkiye’de Kamu Gelirleri ile Kamu Harcamaları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20, ss. 143-160.
  • DARRAT, Ali; (1998), “Tax and Spend, or Spend and Tax? An Inquiry into the Turkish Budgetary Process”, Southern Economic Journal, 64 (4), pp. 940-956.
  • DÖKMEN, Gökhan; (2012), “Kamu Harcamaları ve Kamu Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Nedensellik Analizi”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), ss.115-143
  • EITA, Joel Hinaunye and Daisy MBAZIMA; (2008) “The Causal Relationship Between Government Revenue and Spending in Namibia”, Munich Personal Repec Archive (MPRA) Paper, No: 9154.
  • ELYASI, Yousef and Mohammed RAHIMI; (2012), “The Causality between Government Revenue and Government Spending in Iran”, International Journal of Economic Sciences and Applied Research, 5(1), pp. 129-145.
  • European Union; (2014), Internet Address: http://eulaw.edu.ru /documents/legislation /eea/pca_kyrgyz.htm, Date of Access: 05.06.2014.
  • FASANO Ugo and Qing WANG; (2002), “Testing the Relationship Between Government Spending and Revenue: Evidence from GCC Countries”, IMF, Working Paper, No. 21.
  • FRIEDMAN, Milton; (1972), An Economist's Protest, New Jersey: Thomas Horton and Company.
  • FRIEDMAN, Milton; (1978), “The Limitations of Tax Limitation”, Policy Review, Summer, pp. 7-14.
  • GOUNDER, Neelesh and Paresh Kumar NARAYAN; (2005), “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Government Revenue and Expenditure: The Case of the Fiji Islands”, In submission at International Review of Applied Economics, 24.
  • GÜNAYDIN, İhsan; (2004), “Vergi‐Harcama Tartışması: Türkiye Örneği”, Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 5(2), ss. 163‐181.
  • HASAN, Ayed Akif; Muhammad İmtiaz SUBHANI; Amber OSMAN andTanzeel RAFIQ; (2012), “An Investigation of Granger Causality between Tax Revenues and Government Spendings”, European Journal of Scientifics Research, 68(3), pp. 340-344.
  • HASAN, Muhammad and lan LINCOLN; (1997), “Tax Then Spend or Spend Then Tax? Experience in the UK 1961- 1993”, Applied Economics Letters, 4, pp. 237-239.
  • HENREKSON, Magnus; (1993), “The Peacock-Wiseman Hypothesis”, The Growth of The Public Sector, Theories and International Evidence, in Norman GEMMELL (Ed.), Aldershot: Edward Elgar, pp. 53–71.
  • HONDROYIANNIS, George and Evangelia PAPAPETROU; (1996), “An Examination of The Causal Relationship Between Government Spending and Revenue: Acointegration Analysis”, Public Choice, 89 (3-4), pp. 363-374.
  • HONG, Tan Juat; (2009) “Tax-and-Spend or Spend-and-Tax? Empirical Evidence from Malaysia”, Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance, 5(1), pp. 107-115.
  • HUSSAIN, Haider; (2004), “On the Causal Relationship Between Government Expenditure and Tax Revenue in Pakistan”, The Lahore Journal of Economics, 9(2), pp. 105-118.
  • HYE, Qazi Muhammad Adnan and Anwar JALIL; (2010), “Revenue and Spending Nexus: A Case Study of Romania”, Romanian Journal of Fiscal Policy, 1(1), pp. 22-28.
  • KATRAKILIDIS, Constantinos; (1997), “Spending and Revenues in Greece: New Evidence from Error Correction Modelling”, Applied Economics Letters, 4 (6), pp. 387-391.
  • KAYA, Ayşe ve Hüseyin ŞEN; (2013), “How to Achieve and Sustain Fiscal Discipline in Turkey: Rising Taxes, Reducing Government Spending or A Combination of Both?”, Romanian Journal of Fiscal Policy, 4(1) pp. 1-26.
  • Kırgız Cumhuriyeti İstatistik Komitesi; (2014), İnternet Adresi: www.stat.kg. Erişim Tarihi: 05.06.2014.
  • KONUKCU, Önal Debi ve Ayşe Nil TOSUN; (2008) “Government Revenue-Spending Nexus: Evidence from Several Transitional Economies”, Economic Annals, 178/179, pp. 145-156.
  • LI, Xiaoming; (2001), “Government Revenue, Government Expenditure, and Temporal Causality: Evidence from China”, Applied Economics, 23, pp. 485- 497.
  • MANAGE, Neela and Michael MARLOW; (1986), “The Causal Relation Between Federal Expenditures and Receipts”, Southern Economic Journal, 52, pp. 617-29.
  • MELTZER, Allan and Scott RICHARD; (1981), “A Rational Theory of the Size of the Government”, Journal of Political Economy, 89, pp. 914-927.
  • MITHANI, D. M. and Goh Soo KHOON; (1999), “Causality between Government Spending and Revenue in Malaysia, A Seasonal Cointegration Test”, ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 16(1), pp. 69-79.
  • MUSGRAVE, Richard (1966), “Principles of Budget Determination”, in H. Cameron and W. Henderson (Ed.), Public Finance: Selected Readings, New York: Random House, pp.15-27.
  • NARAYAN, Paresh Kumar and Russell SMYTH; (2006a), “What Determines Migration Flows From Low-Income To High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation Of FijiUS Migration 1972-2001”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2), pp. 332-342.
  • NARAYAN, Paresh Kumar and Seema NARAYAN; (2006), “Government Revenue and Government Expenditure Nexus: Evidence from Developing Countries”, Applied Economics, 38, pp. 285–291.
  • NARAYAN, Paresh Kumar; (2005), “The Government Revenue and Government Expenditure Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Nine Asian Countries”, Journal of Asian Economics, 15, pp. 1203–1216.
  • OWOYE, Olowole; (1995), “The Causal Relationship between Taxes and Spendings in the G7 Countries: Cointegration and Error-Correction Models”, Applied Economics Letters, 2, pp. 19-22.
  • PARK, Wan Kyu; (1998), “Granger Causality Between Government Revenues and Expenditures in Korea”, Journal of Economic Development, 23 (1), pp. 145-55.
  • PAYNE, James; (1997), “The Tax-spend Debate: Time Series Evidence from State Budgets”, Public Choice, 95 (3-4), pp. 307-320.
  • PEACOCK, Alan and Jach WISEMAN; (1979), “Approaches to the Analysis of Government Spending Growth”. Public Finance Quarterly, 7, pp. 3-23.
  • RAM, Rati; (1988), “Additional Evidence on Causality Between Government Revenues and Government Expenditure”, Southern Economic Journal, 54(3), pp. 763-769.
  • RAVINTHIRAKUMARAN, Kalaichelvi; (2011), “The Relationship between Government Revenue and Spending in Sri Lanka”, Proceedings of Second International Research Conference on Business and Information. Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, Internet Adress: http://www.kln.ac.lk/uokr/ICBI2011 /ECO%20402.pdf. Date of Access: 05.06.2014.
  • SAUNORIS Jmaes and James PAYNE; (2010), “Tax More or Spend Less? Asymmetries in the UK Revenue-Expenditure Nexus”, Journal of Policy Modeling, 32(4), pp. 478 -487.
  • SIKDAR, Suman and C. K. MUKHOPADHYAY; (2011), “Central Government Revenue and Spending Relationship in the Economy of India: An Econometric Study”, The IUP Journal of Public Finance, IX(3), pp. 41-57.
  • SOBHEE, Sanjeev; (2004), “The Causality Between Tax And Spend Of The Public Sector In Mauritius: A VECM Approach”, International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, 1-3, pp. 115-130.
  • TAHA, Roshaiza and Nanathakumar LOGANATHAN; (2008), “Causality between Tax Revenue and Government Spending in Malaysia”, International Journal of Business and Finance Research, 2(2), pp. 63-73.
  • TERZİ, Harun ve Sabiha OLTULULAR; (2006), “Harcama-Vergi Geliri Hipotezi: Türkiye Örnegi”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 20(2), ss.1-18.
  • The Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of the Kyrgyz Republic; (2014), Internet Address: http://constpalata.kg/ru/about/istoriya, Date of Access: 05.06.2014.
  • TÜĞEN, Kamil; (1997), Bütçe Açıkları ve Açığın Finansmanında İç Borçlanmanın Rolü (1980 Sonrası Türkiye Deneyimi), İzmir: Bilim Ofset.
  • VAMVOUKAS, George; (2011), “Panel Data Modelling and the Tax - Spend Controversy in the Euro Zone”, Applied Economics, 1, pp. 1-24.
  • WAHID, Abu N.M.; (2008), “An Empirical Investigation on the Nexus Between Tax Revenue and Government Spending: The Case of Turkey”, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 16, pp. 46-51.
  • WARNE, Anders; (2004), Lecture Notes on Stuructural Vector Autoregression, Internet Adress: http://texlips.hypermart.net/download/lecture_notes.pdf, Date of Access: 06.05.2015.
  • World Bank; (2014), Internet Address: https://www.quandl.com/data /WORLDBANK/KGZ_NYGDPMKTPXN-Kyrgyz-Republic-GDP-deflator-LCU, Date of Access: 05.06.2014.
  • YAMAK, Rahmi ve Zehra ABDİOĞLU; (2012), “Ampirik Bağlamda Toplam ve Alt Kalemler Bazında Kamu Harcamaları ve Kamu Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Türkiye Örneği”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 30 (1), ss. 173-193.
  • YOUNG, Andrew; (2009), "Tax-Spend or Fiscal Illusion?" Cato Journal, 29 (3), pp. 469-485.
  • ZAPF, Matthew and James PAYNE; (2009), “Asymmetric Modeling of the Revenue- Expenditure Nexus: Evidence from Aggregate State and Local Government in the US”, Applied Economics Letters, 16, pp. 871–876.
Toplam 73 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hakan Çetintaş Bu kişi benim

Damira Baygonuşova Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2017
Kabul Tarihi 1 Nisan 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Sayı: 49

Kaynak Göster

APA Çetintaş, H., & Baygonuşova, D. (2017). KAMU HARCAMALARI VE GELİRLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN TEST EDİLMESİ: KIRGIZİSTAN ÖRNEĞİ. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(49), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323899

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