İKTİSAT BİLİMİNİN SINIRLARI ÜZERİNE: AYKIRI İKTİSAT YAKLAŞIMI

Yıl 2010, Sayı: 36, 239 - 259, 20.05.2015

Uğur Dündar Cüneyt Dumrul

Öz

Neo-klasik yaklaşımda geleneksel olarak bireylerin iktisadî insan özelliklerine sahip olduğu, firmaların ve tüketicilerin tam bilgiye erişebilecekleri ve optimizasyon kararları ile rasyonel hareket ettikleri varsayılmaktadır. Bu varsayımlar piyasalarda etkin tahsisin gerçekleştiğini ve kendi kendine etkin dengelere ulaşmanın mümkün olduğunu ima etmektedir. Neo-klasik iktisadın analizleri pozitivist epistemolojiye dayandığı için formal bir mantığa sahiptir. İktisat teorisinde diğer disiplinlerin yer alması neo-klasik yaklaşımın belirtilen varsayımlarının tartışılmasına yol açmıştır. Neo-klasik iktisadın varsayımları ve yöntemi aykırı iktisatçılar (Wackonomists) tarafından da eleştirilmektedir. Nitekim, aykırı iktisat (Wackonomics) yaklaşımı neo-klasik iktisadın belirtilen varsayımları ile metodolojik ve ampirik temellerine karşı çıkan bir perspektif sunmaktadır. Son yıllarda, aykırı iktisadın ilgi alanlarına dair teorik literatür oldukça hacim kazanmış; ancak, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ve Türkiye’de fazlaca dikkate alınmamıştır. Bu çalışmada aykırı iktisat yaklaşımının ilgi alanları ve literatürü ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada iktisatçıların aykırı iktisadın ilgi alanları üzerinde daha fazla araştırma yapmasının iktisadın daha bilimsel nitelikler kazanmasına katkıda bulunacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Neo-klasik İktisat Teorisi, Aykırı İktisat, Aykırı İktisadın Çalışma alanları.

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