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Sosyal Medyada Çevrimiçi Benlik Sunumunun Öznel İyi Oluş Üzerine Etkisi: Instagram Kullanıcıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 361 - 380, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.993055

Öz

Bireyler günümüzde Instagram gibi sosyal medya platformlarını benliklerini sunacakları bir mecra olarak kullanmaktadır. Özellikle gençler bu mecralarda kendileri hakkındaki detayları daha aktif yansıtma eğilimindedir ve öznel açıdan iyi oluşları sosyal mecralarla ilişkilidir. Bu araştırmada gençlerin “çevrimiçi benlik sunumunun” “öznel iyi oluş” üzerindeki etkisi Instagram özelinde incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın amacıyla uygunluk gösteren, yaşları 12 ila 27 arasında değişen 1048 katılımcı araştırmanın örneklem kümesini oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar amaçlı örneklem tekniğiyle Nisan 2021-Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında araştırmaya geribildirimde bulunmuşlardır. Araştırmanın temel hedefi gündelik hayatın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelen dijital platformların benlik sunumu özelinde gençlerin refahına (öznel iyi oluş) yönelik olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerini keşfetmektir. Bu kapsamda nicel yöntem yaklaşımı benimsenerek çalışma nedensel bir tasarım üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezleri Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ve ANOVA testleriyle sınanmıştır. Bulgulara göre; bireylerin gerçek hayattaki benliklerini çevrimiçi mecralarda da sunmalarını konu alan “kendilik tutarlılığı” alt boyutu, öznel refah üzerinde pozitif etkiye sahiptir. İlgili sonuç araştırmanın önemli bulgularından bir tanesidir. “Çevrimiçi sunum tercihi” alt boyutunun ise öznel iyi oluşu negatif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sonuçlar genç bireylerin benlik sunumlarını Instagram üzerinden gerçekleştirmeye başlamasıyla birlikte refahlarının (öznel iyi-oluşlarının) azalacağını ortaya koymaktadır. Instagram başta olmak üzere diğer sosyal ağların gerçek yaşamla birlikte denge gözetilerek kullanılması tavsiye edilmektedir. Nitekim H2 sonuçları Instagram’da harcanan sürenin artmasıyla birlikte gençlerin mutsuz olmaya başladıklarını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar ergen refahını anlamada çevrimiçi alışkanlıkların rolüne dikkat çekmektedir. Bu yönüyle ergen refahını konu alan literatüre katkı sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Lee, G., Lee, J., & Kwon, S. (2011). Use of social-networking sites and subjective wellbeing: A study in South Korea. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(3), 151-155.
  • We Are Social (2021). Nisan 20, 2021 tarihinde: https://wearesocial.com/digital-2021 adresinden alındı
  • Al-shamaileh, O. (2018). I Have Issues with Facebook: But I Will Keep Using It. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 2(37), 40-45.
  • Angner, E. (2010). Subjective well-being. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 361–368.
  • Apaolaza, V., Hartmann, P., Medina, E., Barrutia, J., & Echebarria, C. (2013). The relationship between socializing on the Spanish online networking site Tuenti and teenagers’ subjective wellbeing: The roles of self-esteem and loneliness. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1282-1289.
  • Balcı, Ş., & Koçak, M. (2018). Sosyal Medya Kullanıımı ile Yaşam Doyumu Arasındaki İlişki : Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. 1. Uluslararası İletişimde Yeni Yönelimler Konferansı, 42.
  • Barassi, V., & Treré, E. (2012). Does Web 3.0 come after Web 2.0? Deconstructing theoretical assumptions through practice. New media & society, 14(8), 1269-1285.
  • Baştürk, S., & Taştepe, M. (2013). Evren Ve Örneklem. S. Baştürk içinde, Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (s. 144). Ankara: Vize Yayıncılık.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş. Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Boyd, D., & Ellison, N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer- Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–30.
  • Çoban, B., Arık, B., Batuş, G., Alver, F., & Çığ, Ü. (2006). Kadife Karanlık 2 21. Yüzyıl İletişim Çağını Aydınlatan Kuramcılar. İstanbul: Su Yayınları.
  • Derdikman-Eiron, R., Indredavik, M., Bratberg, G., Taraldsen, G., Bakken, I., & Colton, M. (2011). Gender differences in subjective well-being, self-esteem and psychosocial functioning in adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression: findings from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 52(3), 261-267.
  • Diener, E. (2006). Guidelines for national indicators of subjective well-being and illbeing. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7(4), 397-404.
  • Diener, E., & Ryan, K. (2009). Subjective well-being: A general overview. South African journal of psychology, 39(4), 391-406.
  • Doğan, T., & Akıncı Çötok, N. (2011). Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formunun Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(36), 165-172.
  • Dökmen, Z. (2010). Toplumsal Cinsiyet: Sosyal Psikolojik Açıklamalar. İstanbul : Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fullwood, C., James , B., & Chen-Wilson , C. (2016). Self-concept clarity and online selfpresentation in adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(12), 716-720.
  • Gerbner, G. (1968). Institutional Pressures upon Mass Communication Research. The Sociological Review Monograph, 13.
  • Goffman, E. (2009). Günlük Yaşamda Benliğin Sunumu. (B. Cezar, Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • Güçdemir, Y. (2012). Sanal Ortamda İletişim - Bir Halkla İlişkiler Perspektifi. İstanbul: Derin Yayınları.
  • Halliday, J. (2011). 2021 tarihinde www.theguardian.com: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/sep/22/facebook-transform-entertainment-hub adresinden alındı
  • Hills, P., Michael Argyle, & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale. Personality and individual differences, 33(7), 1073-1082.
  • Hu, Y., Manikonda, L., & Kambhampati, S. (2014). What We Instagram: A First Analysis of Instagram Photo Content and User Types. In Eighth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media.
  • Işık, M. (2018). Sizinle İletişebilir Miyiz? Konya: Salon Yayınları.
  • Karademas, E. (2007). Positive and negative aspects of well-being: Common and specific predictors. Personality and individual differences, 43(2), 277-287.
  • Karaoğlu, B. (2015). Günlük Hayatta Benlik Sunumunun Sosyal Paylaşım Ağı Facebook Üzerinden İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
  • Kim, B., & Kim, Y. (2019). Facebook versus Instagram: How perceived gratifications and technological attributes are related to the change in social media usage. The Social Science Journal, 56(2).
  • Kramer, N., & Winter, S. (2008). Impression Management 2.0 The Relationship of Self-Esteem, Extraversion, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Presentation Within Social Networking Sites. Journal of Media Psychology, 20(3), 106-116.
  • lacobucci, D. (2010). Structural equations modeling: Fit indices, sample size, and advanced topics. Journal of consumer psychology, 20(1), 90-98.
  • Lai, H.-M., Hsieh, P.-J., & Zhang, R.-C. (2019). Understanding adolescent students’ use of facebook and their subjective wellbeing: a gender-based comparison. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38(5), 533-548.
  • Lampropoulou, A. (2018). Personality, school, and family: What is their role in adolescents’ subjective well-being. Journal of adolescence, 67, 12-21.
  • Luhmann, N. (1992). What is Communication? Communication theory, 2(3), 251-259.
  • Marttila, E., Koivula, A., & Räsänen, P. (2021). Does excessive social media use decrease subjective well-being? A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between problematic use, loneliness and life satisfaction. Telematics and Informatics, 59(1).
  • McCullough, G., Huebner, E., & Laughlin, J. (2000). Life events, self-concept, and adolescents’ positive subjective well-being. Psychology in the Schools, 37(3), 281-290.
  • Navarro, D., Montserrat, C., Malo, S., Gonzalez, M., Casas, F., & Crous, G. (2017). Subjective well‐being: what do adolescents say? Child & Family Social Work, 22(1), 175-184.
  • O’Reilly, M., Dogra, N., Whiteman, N., Hughes, J., Eruyar, S., & Reilly, P. (2018). Is social media bad for mental health and wellbeing? Exploring the perspectives of adolescents. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1(13), 4-8.
  • O’Reilly, T. (2005). What Is Web 2.0? 2021 tarihinde https://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html adresinden alındı
  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The journal of positive psychology, 3(2), 137-152.
  • Peter, J., Valkenburg, P., & Schouten, A. (2006). Friend Networking Sites and Their Relationship to Adolescents Well-Being and Social Self-Esteem. CyberPsycholog&Behavior, 9(5), 584-590.
  • Rogers, E. (1986). Communication technology. New York: The Free Press.
  • Ronen, T., Hamama, L., Rosenbaum, M., & Mishely-Yarlap, A. (2016). Subjective well-being in adolescence: The role of self-control, social support, age, gender, and familial crisis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(1), 81-104.
  • Sagolla, D. (2011). 140 Characters a Style Guide for the Short Form. New Jersey. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Sezgin, M., & Güler, Ş. (2020). The Role Of Digital Feedback on the Self-Esteem of Digital Natives. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Derneği(35), 46-62.
  • Shi, N., Lee, M., & Chen, H. (2010, January). The Continuance of Online Social Networks: How to Keep People Using Facebook? Hawaii international conference on system sciences(43), 1-10.
  • Silva, D., & Dell’Aglio, D. (2016). Exposure to domestic and community violence and subjective well-being in adolescents. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 26(65), 299-305.
  • Solis, B. (2012). Music, Film, TV: How social media changed the entertainment experience. 2021 tarihinde Social Media Today: https://www.socialmediatoday.com/content/music-film-tv-how-social-media-changed-entertainment-experience adresinden alındı
  • Timisi, N. (2005). Sanallığın Gerçekliği: İnternetin Kimlik ve Topluluk Alanına Girişi. İnternet,Toplum,Kültür (s. 89-105). içinde Ankara: Epos Yayınları .
  • TÜİK. (2019). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri (BT) Kullanım Araştırması. 2021 tarihinde https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2019-30574 adresinden alındı
  • Valkenburg, P., Peter, J., & Schouten, A. (2006). Friend networking sites and their relationship to adolescents’ well-being and social self-esteem. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(5).
  • Valkenburg, P., & Peter, J. (2011). Online communication among adolescents: An integrated model of its attraction, opportunities, and risks. Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2), 121-127.
  • Walther, J. (2007). Selective Self-presentation in Computer-mediated Communication: Hyperpersonal Dimensions of Technology, Language, and Cognition. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2538-2557.
  • Webster, D., Dunne, L., & Hunter, R. (2021). Association between social networks and subjective well-being in adolescents: A systematic review. Youth & Society, 53(2), 175-210.
  • Wilcox, K., & Stephen, A. (2013). Are Close Friends the Enemy? Online Social Networks, Self-Esteem, and Self-Control. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(1), 90–103.
  • Winston, B. (2002). Media, technology and society: A history: From the telegraph to the Internet. Routledge.
  • Young, A., & Quan-Haase, A. (2009). Information revelation and internet privacy concerns on social network sites: a case study of facebook. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Communities and Technologies, 265-274.

The Effect of Online Self Presentation on Subjective Well-being in the Context of Social Media: A Study on Instagram Users

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 361 - 380, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.993055

Öz

Today, individuals use Instagram as a medium for self-presentation. Especially young people tend to reflect details about themselves more actively in these media, and their subjective well-being is in relation to social media. Therefore this research examines the effect of “online self-presentation” on “subjective well-being” within the framework of Instagram. The population of the study consists of 1048 participants aged between 12-27. Participants were recruited by the purposeful sampling method and we carried out the research between April 2021 and May 2021. The main goal of the research is to explore the positive and adverse effects of digital platforms, which have become an integral part of daily life, on the subjective well-being of young people in the context of self-presentation. In this context, we adopted the quantitative method approach and causally designed the study. Research hypotheses were tested with Structural Equation Model and ANOVA tests. The results show that self-consistency, “which is about individuals presenting their real-life selves consistently on social media,” positively affects subjective well-being. This result is one of the important findings of the research. The sub-dimension of “preference for online presentation” adversely affected subjective wellbeing. The results demonstrate that the subjective well-being of young individuals will decrease when they perform their self-presentation on Instagram. We recommend that other social networks, especially Instagram, be used in balance with real life. The results of the H2 show that the unhappiness of young people increases with the increase in the time spent on Instagram. The results highlight the role of online habits in understanding adolescent well-being. Therefore, it contributes to the literature on adolescent well-being.

Kaynakça

  • Lee, G., Lee, J., & Kwon, S. (2011). Use of social-networking sites and subjective wellbeing: A study in South Korea. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(3), 151-155.
  • We Are Social (2021). Nisan 20, 2021 tarihinde: https://wearesocial.com/digital-2021 adresinden alındı
  • Al-shamaileh, O. (2018). I Have Issues with Facebook: But I Will Keep Using It. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 2(37), 40-45.
  • Angner, E. (2010). Subjective well-being. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 361–368.
  • Apaolaza, V., Hartmann, P., Medina, E., Barrutia, J., & Echebarria, C. (2013). The relationship between socializing on the Spanish online networking site Tuenti and teenagers’ subjective wellbeing: The roles of self-esteem and loneliness. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1282-1289.
  • Balcı, Ş., & Koçak, M. (2018). Sosyal Medya Kullanıımı ile Yaşam Doyumu Arasındaki İlişki : Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. 1. Uluslararası İletişimde Yeni Yönelimler Konferansı, 42.
  • Barassi, V., & Treré, E. (2012). Does Web 3.0 come after Web 2.0? Deconstructing theoretical assumptions through practice. New media & society, 14(8), 1269-1285.
  • Baştürk, S., & Taştepe, M. (2013). Evren Ve Örneklem. S. Baştürk içinde, Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (s. 144). Ankara: Vize Yayıncılık.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş. Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Boyd, D., & Ellison, N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer- Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–30.
  • Çoban, B., Arık, B., Batuş, G., Alver, F., & Çığ, Ü. (2006). Kadife Karanlık 2 21. Yüzyıl İletişim Çağını Aydınlatan Kuramcılar. İstanbul: Su Yayınları.
  • Derdikman-Eiron, R., Indredavik, M., Bratberg, G., Taraldsen, G., Bakken, I., & Colton, M. (2011). Gender differences in subjective well-being, self-esteem and psychosocial functioning in adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression: findings from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 52(3), 261-267.
  • Diener, E. (2006). Guidelines for national indicators of subjective well-being and illbeing. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7(4), 397-404.
  • Diener, E., & Ryan, K. (2009). Subjective well-being: A general overview. South African journal of psychology, 39(4), 391-406.
  • Doğan, T., & Akıncı Çötok, N. (2011). Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formunun Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(36), 165-172.
  • Dökmen, Z. (2010). Toplumsal Cinsiyet: Sosyal Psikolojik Açıklamalar. İstanbul : Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fullwood, C., James , B., & Chen-Wilson , C. (2016). Self-concept clarity and online selfpresentation in adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(12), 716-720.
  • Gerbner, G. (1968). Institutional Pressures upon Mass Communication Research. The Sociological Review Monograph, 13.
  • Goffman, E. (2009). Günlük Yaşamda Benliğin Sunumu. (B. Cezar, Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • Güçdemir, Y. (2012). Sanal Ortamda İletişim - Bir Halkla İlişkiler Perspektifi. İstanbul: Derin Yayınları.
  • Halliday, J. (2011). 2021 tarihinde www.theguardian.com: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/sep/22/facebook-transform-entertainment-hub adresinden alındı
  • Hills, P., Michael Argyle, & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale. Personality and individual differences, 33(7), 1073-1082.
  • Hu, Y., Manikonda, L., & Kambhampati, S. (2014). What We Instagram: A First Analysis of Instagram Photo Content and User Types. In Eighth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media.
  • Işık, M. (2018). Sizinle İletişebilir Miyiz? Konya: Salon Yayınları.
  • Karademas, E. (2007). Positive and negative aspects of well-being: Common and specific predictors. Personality and individual differences, 43(2), 277-287.
  • Karaoğlu, B. (2015). Günlük Hayatta Benlik Sunumunun Sosyal Paylaşım Ağı Facebook Üzerinden İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
  • Kim, B., & Kim, Y. (2019). Facebook versus Instagram: How perceived gratifications and technological attributes are related to the change in social media usage. The Social Science Journal, 56(2).
  • Kramer, N., & Winter, S. (2008). Impression Management 2.0 The Relationship of Self-Esteem, Extraversion, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Presentation Within Social Networking Sites. Journal of Media Psychology, 20(3), 106-116.
  • lacobucci, D. (2010). Structural equations modeling: Fit indices, sample size, and advanced topics. Journal of consumer psychology, 20(1), 90-98.
  • Lai, H.-M., Hsieh, P.-J., & Zhang, R.-C. (2019). Understanding adolescent students’ use of facebook and their subjective wellbeing: a gender-based comparison. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38(5), 533-548.
  • Lampropoulou, A. (2018). Personality, school, and family: What is their role in adolescents’ subjective well-being. Journal of adolescence, 67, 12-21.
  • Luhmann, N. (1992). What is Communication? Communication theory, 2(3), 251-259.
  • Marttila, E., Koivula, A., & Räsänen, P. (2021). Does excessive social media use decrease subjective well-being? A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between problematic use, loneliness and life satisfaction. Telematics and Informatics, 59(1).
  • McCullough, G., Huebner, E., & Laughlin, J. (2000). Life events, self-concept, and adolescents’ positive subjective well-being. Psychology in the Schools, 37(3), 281-290.
  • Navarro, D., Montserrat, C., Malo, S., Gonzalez, M., Casas, F., & Crous, G. (2017). Subjective well‐being: what do adolescents say? Child & Family Social Work, 22(1), 175-184.
  • O’Reilly, M., Dogra, N., Whiteman, N., Hughes, J., Eruyar, S., & Reilly, P. (2018). Is social media bad for mental health and wellbeing? Exploring the perspectives of adolescents. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1(13), 4-8.
  • O’Reilly, T. (2005). What Is Web 2.0? 2021 tarihinde https://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html adresinden alındı
  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The journal of positive psychology, 3(2), 137-152.
  • Peter, J., Valkenburg, P., & Schouten, A. (2006). Friend Networking Sites and Their Relationship to Adolescents Well-Being and Social Self-Esteem. CyberPsycholog&Behavior, 9(5), 584-590.
  • Rogers, E. (1986). Communication technology. New York: The Free Press.
  • Ronen, T., Hamama, L., Rosenbaum, M., & Mishely-Yarlap, A. (2016). Subjective well-being in adolescence: The role of self-control, social support, age, gender, and familial crisis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(1), 81-104.
  • Sagolla, D. (2011). 140 Characters a Style Guide for the Short Form. New Jersey. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Sezgin, M., & Güler, Ş. (2020). The Role Of Digital Feedback on the Self-Esteem of Digital Natives. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Derneği(35), 46-62.
  • Shi, N., Lee, M., & Chen, H. (2010, January). The Continuance of Online Social Networks: How to Keep People Using Facebook? Hawaii international conference on system sciences(43), 1-10.
  • Silva, D., & Dell’Aglio, D. (2016). Exposure to domestic and community violence and subjective well-being in adolescents. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 26(65), 299-305.
  • Solis, B. (2012). Music, Film, TV: How social media changed the entertainment experience. 2021 tarihinde Social Media Today: https://www.socialmediatoday.com/content/music-film-tv-how-social-media-changed-entertainment-experience adresinden alındı
  • Timisi, N. (2005). Sanallığın Gerçekliği: İnternetin Kimlik ve Topluluk Alanına Girişi. İnternet,Toplum,Kültür (s. 89-105). içinde Ankara: Epos Yayınları .
  • TÜİK. (2019). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri (BT) Kullanım Araştırması. 2021 tarihinde https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2019-30574 adresinden alındı
  • Valkenburg, P., Peter, J., & Schouten, A. (2006). Friend networking sites and their relationship to adolescents’ well-being and social self-esteem. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(5).
  • Valkenburg, P., & Peter, J. (2011). Online communication among adolescents: An integrated model of its attraction, opportunities, and risks. Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2), 121-127.
  • Walther, J. (2007). Selective Self-presentation in Computer-mediated Communication: Hyperpersonal Dimensions of Technology, Language, and Cognition. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2538-2557.
  • Webster, D., Dunne, L., & Hunter, R. (2021). Association between social networks and subjective well-being in adolescents: A systematic review. Youth & Society, 53(2), 175-210.
  • Wilcox, K., & Stephen, A. (2013). Are Close Friends the Enemy? Online Social Networks, Self-Esteem, and Self-Control. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(1), 90–103.
  • Winston, B. (2002). Media, technology and society: A history: From the telegraph to the Internet. Routledge.
  • Young, A., & Quan-Haase, A. (2009). Information revelation and internet privacy concerns on social network sites: a case study of facebook. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Communities and Technologies, 265-274.
Toplam 55 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Türkçe Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Şakir Güler 0000-0002-7365-6639

Yusuf Şahin 0000-0002-3903-3366

Emre Vadi Balcı 0000-0002-9687-0849

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Güler, Ş., Şahin, Y., & Balcı, E. V. (2022). Sosyal Medyada Çevrimiçi Benlik Sunumunun Öznel İyi Oluş Üzerine Etkisi: Instagram Kullanıcıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 9(1), 361-380. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.993055