ÇOĞULCU DEMOKRASİLERDE PARTİ İÇİ DEMOKRASİ

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3-4, 199 - 226, 30.12.2012

A. Tarık Gümüş

Öz

Yayım yılı sebebiyle bu makalede öz bölümü bulunmamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çoğulcu Demokrasi, Siyasi Partiler, Parti içi Demokrasi, Parti Örgütlenmesi, Liderlik

Kaynakça

• ARASLI, Oya, Adaylık Kavramı ve Türkiye'de Milletvekili Adaylığı, Sevinç Matbaası, Ankara 1972.
• ATAR, Yavuz, Çağdaş Demokrasinin Siyasal Boyutu: Türkiye'de Demokratikleşme ve Anti-Demokratikleşme Göstergeleri, Yeni Türkiye, y. 3, sy. 17, 1997.
• ATAR, Yavuz, Seçim Hukukunun Güncel Sorunları, Anayasa Yargısı, c. 23, Anayasa Mahkemesi Yayınları, Ankara 2006.
• ATAR, Yavuz, Türk Anayasa Hukuku, Mimoza Yayınlan, Konya 2009.
• AYBAY, Rona, 'Çoğunlukçu' ve 'Çoğulcu' Demokrasi Aynnu, Cumhuriyet, 19.06.2010.
• BACK, Hanna, Intra-Party Politics And Coalition Fornıation Evidence from Swedish Local Govenunent, Party Politics, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2008.
• BAKKER Ryan, JOLLY Seth, POLK Jonathan, Pattems of Dimensionality, Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association Chicago, 31 March - 3 April 2011, http://faculty.maxwell.syr.edu/skjolly/Dinı2.pdf, 25.11.2012.
• BAKKER Ryan, JOLLY Seth, POLK Jonathan, Complexity in the European Party Space: Exploring Dimensionality with Experts, 2010 European Consortium for Political Research's Fifth Pan-European Conference on EU Politics in Porto Portugal. http://faculty.maxwell.syr.edu/skjolly/Diml.pdf 25.11.2012.
• BEKTAŞ, Arsev, Demokratikleşme Sürecinde Liderler Oligarşisi, CHP ve AP (1961- 1980), Bağlam Yayınlan, İstanbul 1993.
• BIELEN Ingrid v., HOPKIN Jonattan, The Presidentialization of Spanish democracy: Sources of Prime Ministerial Power in Post-Franco Spain, The Presidentialization of Politics: A Comparative Study of Modem Democracies, Eds. Thonıas Poguntke, Paul D. Webb, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2005.
• BİLİR, Faruk, Siyasi Partilerin Güncel Sorunları ve Demokratikleşme, Uluslararası Davraz Kongresi Küresel Diyalog, Isparta 2009.
• BOUCEK, Francoise, The Stmcture and Dynanıics of Intra-Party Politics in Europe, Perspectives onEuropeanPolitics and Society, Vol. 3, Issue, 3, 2002.
• CAREY, John M., POLGA-HECIMOVICH John, Primary Elections and Candidate Strength in Latin America, The Jounıal of Politics, Vol. 68, No. 3, August 2006.
• CHRYSSOCHOOU, Dinıitris, Democracy in the European Union, I.B.Tauris, London 2000.
• ÇAPOĞLU, Gökhan, Türkiye'de Siyasi Parti Yapılanması, Yeni Türkiye, y. 3, sy. 13, 1997.
• DAALDER, Hans, The Rise of Parties in Westem Democarcies, Political Parties and Democracy A Journal of Democracy Book Political Parties and Democracy, Eds. Larry Diamond and Richard Gunther, Jhons Hopkins University Press, Maryland 2001.
• DAHL, Robert A., Pluralism Revisited, Comparative Politics, Vol. 10, No. 2, January 1978.
• DAHL, Robert A., Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition, Yale University Press, New Haven 1971. (Polyarchy)
• DALTON Russell J., FARRELL David M., MCALLISTER lan, Political Parties and Democratic Linkage: How Parties Organize Democracy: How Parties Organize Democracy Comparative Study Of Electoral Systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2011.
• DALTON, Russell J., Citizenship Norms and the Expansion of Political Participation, Political Studies, Vol. 56, lssue 1, 2008. (Political Participation)
• DALTON, Russell J., Communists and Democrats: Democratic Attitudes in the Two Germanies, British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 24, No. 4, October 1994. (Communists and Democrats)
• DEP AUW, Govemment Party Discipline in Parliamentary Democracies: The Cases of Belgium, France and United Kingdom in the 1990s, Cohesion And Discipline in Legislatures, Ed. Reuven Y. Hazan, Routledge, Oxon 2006.
• DIERMEIER Daiıel, VLAICU Razvan, Executive Control and Legislative Success, Review ofEcononıic Studies, Vol., 78, 2011.
• DİNÇKOL, Bihterin, Yönetilenlerin "Öz" Yönetimi - Kamuoyu, İstanbul Ticaret Üni- versitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Y. 5, Sy. 10, Güz 2006/2.
• DUVERGER, Maurice, Siyasi Partiler, Çev. Ergun Özbudun, Bilgi Yayınevi, Ankara 1993.
• ERDOĞAN, Mustafa, Anayasal Demokrasi, Siyasal Kitabevi Yayınlan, Ankara 2004.
• FAUCHER, Florence, Party organisation and democracy - A comparison of Les Verts and the British Green Party, GeoJournal. Vol. 47, lssue 3, 1999.
• FELD Lars P., KİRCHG.ASSNER Gebhard, Direct Democracy, Political Culture, and the Outcome of Econonıic Policy: A Report on the Swiss Experience, European Jounıal of Political Economy, Vol. 16, 2000.
• FINKEL, Steven E., Can Democracy Be Taught?, Jounıal of Democracy, Volume 14, Number 4, October 2003.
• FOWLER James H., KAM Cindy D., Beyond the Self: Social ldentity, Altruism, and Political Participation, Journal of Politics, Vol. 69, lssue 3, 2007.
• GAUJA, Anika, An Assessment of the Impact of Party Law on Intra-Party Democracy in Common Law Nations, 20th International Political Science Association World Congress, Fukuoka, Japan, 2006.
• GIBSON, James L., The Contributions of Tmth to Reconciliation: Lessons From South Africa, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 50 No. 3, June 2006.
• GÖZTEPE, Ece, Çoğunlukçu Demokrasi Anlayışına Karşı Çoğulcu Demokrasi Model- leri: Nomıatif Düzenleme Olanakları ve Bunun Sınırlılığı Üzerine Bazı Düşünceler, Çoğulcu Demokrasi Çoğunlukçu Demokrasi İkilemi ve İnsan Haklan Toplantısı, Türkiye Barolar Birliği Yayını, Ankara 2010.
• GUNTHER Richard, DIAMOND Larry, Species of Political Parties: A New Typology, Party Politics, vol. 9, no. 2, March 2003 ..
• GÜLSOY, Tevfik, Demokrasilerde Siyasal Parti Teşkilatı ve Parti İçi Demokrasi, (Ya- yınılanınanuş Doktora Tezi), Konya 2000.
• HABERMAS Jürgen, Political Communication in Media Society: Does Democracy Still Enjoy an Epistemic Dimension? The Impact of Nornıative Theory on Empirical Research, Communication Theory, Vol. 16, Issue 4, November 2006.
• HAKYEMEZ, Yusuf Şevki, Çoğunlukçu Demokrasi Anlayışı, Rousseau ve Türk Ana- yasaları Üzerindeki Etkisi, Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 52, Sy. 4, Y. 2003.
• HAZAN, Reuven Y., Does Cohesion Equal Discipline? Towards a Conceptual Delineation, Cohesion And Discipline in Legislatures, Ed. Reuven Y. Hazan, Routledge, Oxon 2006.
• HEWLETT, Nick, Democracy in modem France, Continuum International Publishing Group, New York 2005.
• İNCEOĞLU, Sibel, İnsan Haklan Avrupa Mahkemesi Kararlarında Çoğulculuk, Çoğul cu Demokrasi Çoğunlukçu Demokrasi İkilemi ve İnsan Haklan Toplantısı, Türkiye Barolar Birliği Yayını, Ankara 2010.
• KABASAKAL, Mehmet, Factors Influencing Intra-party Democracy and Menıbership Rights: The Case ofTurkey, Party Politics, July 2012.
• KAM, Christopher J., Party Discipline and Parliamentary Politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2009.
• KAP ANİ, Münci, Politika Bilimine Giriş, Bilgi Y ayınevi, Ankara 2001.
• KAYE Philip, FLAYELLE Luncinda, Part Discipline and Legislative Voting, Canadian Parliamentry Review, Vol. 9, No. 2, Summer 1986.
• KENIG, Ofer, Democratization of Party Leadership Selection: Do Wider Selectorates Produce more Competitive Contests?, Electoral Studies, Vol. 28, 2008.
• 224 Yrd. Doç. Dr. A. Tarık GÜMÜŞ ERÜHFD, C. VII, S. 3-4, (2012)
• KILIÇ, Haşim, Parti İçi Demokrasi, Yeni Türkiye, y. 3, sy. 13, 1997.
• KITSCHELT, Herbert, The Internal Politics of Parties: The Law of Curvilinear Disparity Revisited, Political Studies, Vol. XXXVII, 1989.
• KÖKER, Levent, Seçim Sistemleri ve Siyasi Çoğulculuk, Anayasa Yargısı, c. 23, Ana- yasa Mahkemesi Yayınlan, Ankara 2006.
• LANE Jan-Erik, ERSSON Svante O., Democracy: a Comparative Approach, Routledge, NewYork2003.
• LAP ALOMBARA, Joseph, Reflections on Political Parties and Political Development, Four Decades Later, Party Politics, Vol. 13 No. 2, March 2007.
• LIN, Gang, Leadership Transition, Intra-Party Democracy, And Institution Buildıng Inchina, Asian Survey, Vol. 44, No. 2, March/April 2004.
• LIPSET, Seymour Martin, Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Econonıic Development and Political Legitinıacy, The American Political Science Review, Vol. 53, No. 1, March 1959.
• LIPSON, Eslie, Demokratik Uygarlık, (Çev: Haldun Gülalp, Türker Alkan), Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınlan, Ankara, 1984.
• LISI Marco, FREIRE Andre, Political Equality And The Process Of Candidate Selection: Mps' Views in Comparative Perspective, Representation, Vol. 48, Issue 4, 2012.
• LOTSHW AO, Kebapetse, The Lack of Internal Party Democracy in the African National Congress: A Threat to the Consolidation of Democracy in South Africa*, Journal of Southem African Studies, Vol. 35, No 4, December 2009.
• MAINW ARING Scott, SHUGART Matthew S., Concluision: Presidentialism and The Party System, Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997.
• McCARTY Nolan, POOLE Keıth T., ROSENTHAL Howard, The Hunt for Party Discipline in Congress, American Political Science Review, Vol. 95, No. 3 September 2001.
• MIMPEN, Jeroen, Intra-Party Democracy and ıts Discontents Democratization in a Volatile Political Landscape, http://www.nimd.org/documents/I/intra- party_democracy_and_its_discontents_nıimpen.pdf, 27.11.2012.
• MOELLENDORF, Darrel, Reconciliation as a Political Value, Journal of Social Philosophy, Volume 38, Issue 2, May 2007.
• MOLTCHANOV A, Amıa, Nationhood and Political Culture, Journal of Social Philosophy, Volume 38, Issue 2, May 2007.
• MOONEY Annabelle, EV ANS Betsy, Globalization The Key Concepts, Taylor & Francis, Oxon 2007.
• OWENS, Jhon E., Explaining Party Cohesion and Discipline in democratic Legislatures: Purposiveness and Contexts, Cohesion And Discipline in Legislatures, Ed. Reuven Y. Hazan, Routledge, Oxon 2006.
• ÖZBUDUN, Ergun, Batı Demokrasilerinde ve Türkiye'de Parti Disiplini, Ankara Üni- versitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Yayınlan, Ankara 1968.
• ÖZBUDUN, Ergun, Siyasal Partiler, Sevinç Matbaası, Ankara 1979.
• ÖZBUDUN, Ergun, Siyasi Partilerin Hukukça Düzenlenmesi İhtiyacı ve Örgütlenme Sorunları, Siyasi Partiler ve Demokrasi, TESAV yayınlan, 1999,
• http://www.ekitapyayin.com/id/070/siyasil- lsunus.htm 22.11.2012.
• PETAUX, Jean, Democracy and Human Rights for Europe: tlıe Council of Europe's Contribution, Council ofEurope Publishing, Strasbourg, 2009.
• PETTITT, Robin T., Electoral Reform, 'New Polıtıcs' And Intra-Party Democracy in Post-Devolutıon Scotland, Representation, Vol. 44, No. 4, 2008.
• PLATTNER, Marc, Democracy Witlıout Borders?: Global Challenges to Liberal Democracy, Rownıan & Littlefield, Maryland 2008.
• RAHAT Gideon, HAZAN Reuven, Democracy within Parties: Candidate Selection Methods and their Political Consequences, Oxford University Press, Oxford New York2010.
• ROKKAN, Stein, Citizens, Elections, Parties: Approaches To The Comparative Study OfThe Processes OfDevelopment, McKay, Oslo 1970.
• SARTORI, Giovanni, Demokrasi Teorisine Geri Dönüş, Çev. Tuncer Karamustafaoğlu Mehmet Turan, Yetkin Yayınlan, Ankara 1993.
• SCHUMPETER, Joseph A., Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, Routledge, London New York, 2012.
• SELÇUK, Sami, Zorba Devletten Hukukun Ü stülüğüne, Yeni Türkiye Yayınlan, Anka- ra 1999.
• SHUGART, Mattlıew S0berg, Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Pattenıs, French Politics, Vol. 3, 2005.
• SUNAY, Reyhan, İfade Hürriyetinin Muhtevası ve Sınırlan, Liberal Düşünce Toplulu- ğu, Ankara 2001.
• TEORELL Jan, HADENIUS Axel, Democracy without Democratic Values: A Rejoinder to Welzel and Inglehart, Studies in Comparative Intenıational Development, Vol. 41, Issue 3, Fall 2006.
• TEORELL, Jan, Political participation and three theories of democracy: A research inventory and agenda, European Journal of Political Research, Vol. 45, Issue 5, 2006.
• TEZİÇ, Erdoğan, Anayasa Hukuku, Beta Yayınlan, İstanbul 2003.
• TUNCAY, Suavi, Parti İçi Demokrasi ve Türkiye, Gündoğan Yayınlan, Ankara 1996. (Parti İçi Demokrasi) TUNCAY, Suavi, Parti İçi Demokrasi ve Türkiye, Yeni Türkiye, y. 3, sy. 17, 1997.
• UYGUN, Oktay, Demokrasinin Çoğunlukçu ve Çoğulcu Modelleri İki Bin Beşyüz Yıllık Bir Tartışmanın Analizi, Çoğulcu Demokrasi Çoğunlukçu Demokrasi İkilemi ve İnsan Haklan Toplantısı, Türkiye Barolar Birliği Yayını, Ankara 2010.
• WAUTERS, Bram, Explaining Participation in Intra-Party Elections: Evidence from Belgian Political Parties, Party Politics, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2010.
• YANIK, Murat, Parti İçi Demokrasi Açısından Aday Belirleme Yöntemleri, Erzincan Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C. XI, Sy. 3-4, 2007.
• YANIK, Murat, Parti İçi Demokrasi, Beta Yayınlan, İstanbul 2002.
• YAYLA, Atilla, Parti İçi Demokrasi" ve Demokrasi, http://www.liberal- dt.org.tr/guncel/Y ayla/ay_demokrasil.htm, 13.10.2004.
• YAYLA, Atilla, Siyaset Teorisine Giriş, Siyasal Kitabevi, Ankara 2004