Examining The Rules in Nuclear and Origin Families Living in Turkey

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 393 - 405, 29.09.2023

Yağmur Ulusoy , Suat Kılıçarslan

https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1174079

Öz

This study aimed to examine married couples’ descriptions of themselves, their spouses, mothers, and fathers and their views about the rules in their nuclear and families of origin. The study group consisted of 12 married individuals, including eight females and four males, who were aged between 23 and 49, were not married to another participant, lived in the central county of a province in the central Anatolia region. The study used the phenomenological research design, which is one of the qualitative research approaches. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, one of the qualitative research techniques, and analyzed with the content analysis method. The results of the study indicated that altruism and submissiveness were the common and prominent descriptions of the female participants about themselves and the descriptions of all participants about their mothers, whereas cold and distant were common descriptions of the participants about their mothers and fathers. It was found that the rules about couple relationships, family relationships, parenting, and spirituality/values were similar in nuclear and families of origin but that although the rules of the relationships with the family of origin/relatives and budget management were expressed in nuclear families, they were not expressed in families of origin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Family, family rules, nuclear family, family of origin

Türkiye’de Yaşayan Çekirdek ve Köken Ailelerdeki Kuralların İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, evli bireylerin kendilerine ve eşlerine; annelerine ve babalarına ilişkin tanımlamaları ile çekirdek ailelerindeki ve köken ailelerindeki kurallara ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Orta Anadolu’da bir il merkezinde yaşayan, birbirleriyle evli olmayan ve yaşları 23 ile 49 arasında değişen sekizi kadın dördü erkek olmak üzere toplam 12 evli bireyden oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından biri olan fenomenolojik araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Verileri toplamak için nitel araştırma tekniklerinden biri olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeden ve verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda kadınların kendilerine ilişkin tanımlamaları ile tüm katılımcıların annelerine ilişkin tanımlamalarında fedakâr olma ve alttan almanın ortak olarak ön plana çıktığı; anne ve babalarına ilişkin tanımlamalarında ise soğuk ve mesafeli olmanın ortak özellik olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Çift ilişkisi, aile ilişkisi, çocuk yetiştirme ve değerlere ilişkin kuralların çekirdek ve köken ailelerde benzerlik gösterdiği; bununla birlikte köken aile ve akraba ilişkileri ve bütçe yönetimine ilişkin kuralların çekirdek ailelerinde ifade edilmesine rağmen köken ailelerde ifade edilmediği bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aile, aile kuralları, çekirdek aile, köken aile

Kaynakça

• Adler, A. (1994). Recognition of human nature. (Trans. A. Yörükhan). Istanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Cultural Publications.
• Adler, A. (1999). Cooperation between the sexes. (Trans. S. Cypress). Istanbul: Payel Publishing House.
• Allsop, D. B., Leavitt, C. E., Clarke, R. W., Driggs, S. M., Gurr, J. B., Marks, L. D., & Dollahite, D. C. (2021). Perspectives from highly religious families on boundaries and rules about sex. Journal of religion and health, 60(3), 1576-1599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01171-9
• Aluş, Y. (2015) Evaluation of the family understanding and Turkish family in terms of our cultural and social reality. PESA International Journal of Social Studies, 1(1), 15-24.
• ASAGEM (2009). Divorce reasons research. Ankara: T.C. Publications of the Prime Ministry General Directorate of Family and Social Research.
• ASAGEM, (2010a). Family Structure Survey 2006 Ankara: T.C. Publications of the Prime Ministry General Directorate of Family and Social Research.
• ASAGEM. (2010b). Family Values Research in Turkey, (Edt. M. Turgut), T.C. Prime Ministry General Directorate of Family and Social Research, Publication No: 145, Ankara.
• ASAGEM (2011). Family structure research in Turkey 2011. Ankara: T.C. Prime Ministry Family and Community Services General Directorate Publications.
• Aykan, H. & Wolf, D.A. (2000). “Traditionality, modernity and household composition”. Research on Aging, 22(4):359-421.
• Aslan Cevheroğlu, B., & Kışlak, Ş. (2022). A qualitative study on how early married women experienced the married woman role. AYNA Journal of Clinical Psychology, 9(1), 207–233. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.910951
• Belli, A., & Aynacı, G. (2020). The perception of the gender roles amongst university students; How can women empower themselves? OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 15(26), 4208-4229. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.663605
• Bepko, C. & Krestan, J. (1998). Good women unhappy lives (Trans. C. Ener Sılay). Istanbul, Ilhan Publishing House.
• Bilgin, V. (1998). Adoption and Ownership Levels of Family Institution in Turkish Society. Journal of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Theology. 10(10), 387-414.
• Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. New York: Jason Aronson.
• Bryant, C. M., Conger, R. D., & Meehan, J. M. (2001). The influence of in-laws on change in marital success. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63(3), 614–626. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2001.00614
• Bulut, I. (1993). The effect of mental health on family functions. Prime Ministry Undersecretariat of Women and Social Services Publications. Publication No: 74. Ankara: Kılıçarslan Printing House.
• Bülbül, İ., & Kaygusuz, S. (2022). An evaluation of individuals in the process of divorce based on social assesment reports: The case of Adana family courtinternational. Journal of Social Work Research, 2(1), 67-83.
• Can, Y. & Aksu, N. B. (2016). Woman during the divorce process and after. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 15(58), 888-902. http://dx.doi.org/10.17755/esosder.25593
• Canatan, K., Konbak, E., Aslan, T., Özdemir, M. & Yılmaz, Ö. M. (2020). Child rearing attitudes in traditional and modern families. Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University Journal of Social Sciences, 8 (16), 151-165.
• Cigno, A., Gioffré, A., & Luporini, A. (2021). Evolution of individual preferences and persistence of family rules. Review of Economics of the Household, 19(4), 935-958. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-020-09499-7
• Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative research methods. (Trans. M. Tüm and S. B. Demir). Istanbul: Political Bookstore.
• Erdoğan, Ö. (2020). Relationship between family members’ perceptions of family communication pattern. Journal of Erciyes Communication, 7(1), 53-74. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.622576
• Figley, C & Nelson, T. (1990). Basic family therapy skills, II: Structural family therapy. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 16(3):225-239.
• Furman, R., Langer, C. L., & Taylor, D. B. (2010). Analyzing narratives through poetic forms and structures in gerontology: Applying new tools in qualitative research. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 23(2), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2010.482809
• Gladding, S. (2012). Family therapy: History, theory, and practice. (Trans. Edt İ. Keklik). Ankara: PDR Association Publications.
• İmamoğlu, O. (1993). Changing family roles in a changing world. Women’s Studies Review. 0 (1), 58-68.
• İmamoğlu, A., & Çelik, Y. (2009). Psychological approach to jealousy– piety relationship in married life. Religious Studies, 12(35), 7-30
• Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2007). Cultural psychology:Human and family in the context of culture. 3rd Edition. Istanbul: Evrim Publishing House.
• Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2012). Family culture in Turkey. Women’s Studies Review. 0(1), 49-57.
• Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1982). The changing value of children in Turkey. East West Center: Honolulu, Hawaii
• Kalaycı, İ. & Özkul, M. (2017). I wish I could protect my traditional position, be modern: Elderly experiences in modernization process. Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Visionary, 8 (18), 90-110. https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.308309
• Kaplan, S. Abay, H. Bükecik, E. Şahin, S. Arıöz Düzgün, A. Bay-Karabulut, A. (2018). The reasons of divorce in women the context of studies in Turkey (2000-2018): A systematic review. Journal of The International Scientific Researches; 3(2):821-833. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.463456
• Kasl, C. D. (1993). Woman, sexuality, addiction. (Trans. L. Onat) Ümit Publishing.
• Leila, A., Leili, P., Mansoureh Sadat, S.; Zarchi, Z. & Sadegh, M. (2020). The mediating role of personality factors in the relationship between family of origin health status and marital adjustment. Journal of Research & Health, 10 (4), 239-248. https://doi.org/10.32598/JRH.10.4.1526.1
• Marshall, K., Banford Witting, A. Sandberg, J.G. & Bean, R. (2020). We Shall Overcome: The Association Between Family of Origin Adversity, Coming to Terms, and Relationship Quality in African Americans. Contemporary Family Therapy, 42, 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-020-09542-w
• Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Qualitative data analysis (Trans. Ed. S. Akbaba Altun & A. Ersoy). Pegem Publishing.
• Nichols, M.P. (2013). Family therapy: Concepts and methods. (Trans. O. Gündüz). Kaknüs publications.
• Ökten, Ş. (2009). Tribe, kinship and social solidarity: The way of governing the traditional life Journal of social policy studies. 18 (18), 99-112.
• Öz Soysal, F. S., Uz Baş, A., & Aysan, F. (2020). A qualitative study for university students’ marriage expectation. İnonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education (INUJFE), 21(1). 241-253. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.491512
• Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (Trans. Edt. Bütün, M., & Demir, S.B.). Pegem Publishing.
• Pryor, J. & Rodgers, B. (2011). Children in changing families: Life after parental separation. (Trans: İ. E. Köksaldı). Doruk Publishing.
• Richter, H.E. (1997) Patient Family. (Trans. G. Koptagel İnan). Mert Publishing.
• Schwartz, S. J., Mason, C. A., Pantin, H., & Szapocznik, J. (2009). Longitudinal relationships between family functioning and identity development in Hispanic adolescents: Continuity and change. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 29(2), 177–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431608317605
• Schipper, M. (2010). ‘Men suffer, women don’t know’ Wisdom about Women from Around the World. (Translate. T.U. Belge and N. Devrim). NTV Publishing.
• Silverman, D. (2018). Interpreting qualitative data (Trans. Edt. E. Dinç). Pegem Akademy Publishing.
• Strakes, C. (1997). Cognitive group therapy program for codependent women: Development and effects on self-esteem, depression and coping skills. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University.
• Susilo, S. (2020). The Role of families in cultivating children’s personality values: An analysis of social psychology education. Journal of Social Studies Education Research. 11(4), 275-303.
• Süleymanov, A. (2009). Family and marriage relations in contemporary turkish societies. Journal of Social Policy Studies, 17(17), 7-17.
• Tavşancıl, E., & Aslan, E. (2001). Content analysis and practice examples for verbal, written and other materials. Epsilon Publishing.
• Turğut, M. (2006). Research on family structure in Turkey. (Edt. M. Turğut and A. Abduşoğlu). The Ministry of Family and Social Policies General Directorate of Family and Community Services. Research and Social Policies Series 02 Second Reviewed Print.
• Tuna-Uysal, M., Tan-Eren, G. ve Şimşek, E. (2019). Naturalization of social: Gender perception in early marriages. Süleyman Demirel Üniversity, Faculty of Arts And Sciences, Journal of Social Sciences 1(47), 196-220. https://doi.org/10.35237/sufesosbil.569738
• Ünal, V. (2013) The problem of divorce during the transition from extended family to nuclear family and religion, The Journal of International Social Research, 6, (26), 588-602.
• Ünver, Ş., & Demirli, C. (2022). Distribution of roles within the family in the context of gender role perception of working married women and men: A qualitative research. International Journal of Social Inquiry, 15(1), 143-156. https://doi.org/10.37093/ijsi.944705
• Yuan, X. (2019). Family-of-Origin Triangulation and Marital Quality of Chinese Couples: The Mediating Role of In-Law Relationships. Journal of Comparative Family Studies. 50 (1), 98-111. https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.042-2017