Hybrid Protection of Earthquake Excited Structures by Using Seismic Base Isolation and Multiple Tuned Mass Damper Systems

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 499 - 516, 24.03.2019

Sepanta Naimi , Mohammad Harris Waheb

https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.523955

Cited By: 1

Öz

Earthquake is an
unpredictable and inevitable fact, and the only effort to minimize the loss of
life and property is to design and build the structure to resist the forces
associated with earthquakes. Considering the Kobi, Northridge and Düzce
earthquakes in particular, it is foreseen that public buildings such as
hospitals, schools and multi-storey buildings should be protected with basic
isolators against earthquakes. Various attempts have been made to achieve an
earthquake-resistant design desired for buildings. As a result of these
initiatives, significant progress has been made, which is significantly
beneficial to reduce structural responses during an earthquake. The seismic
response control of base insulated structures must be examined using single-set
mass damper (STMD), multiple-set mass dampers (MTMDs) and distributed
multiple-set mass dampers (d-MTMDs) under different earthquake ground motions.
In this study, the structure was isolated with stratified rubber supports
(LRB), lead-core rubber bearings (NZ), friction pendulum system (FPS) and
flexible friction base insulator (R-FBI) isolation systems and on the top floor
STMD, MTMDs and MTMDs at floors and d-MTMDs on floors. Also, for the parametric
study, the insulator time period has been realized by changing between 2 and
2.5 and 3 sec. The mass ratio for all STMD cases was accepted as 2, 3, 5 and
10%. In addition, MTMDs were placed along the top floor as well as on the base
and distributed throughout the height of the isolated structure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Seismic Base-Isolator, Damping, Tuned Mass Damper, Friction, Earthquake Resistant Building, Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Deprem Etkisindeki Yapıların Sismik Taban İzolasyonu ve Çoklu Ayarlı Kütle Sönümleyici Sistemleri ile Karma Korunması

Öz

Deprem öngörülemez ve
önlenemez bir gerçektir, can ve mal kaybını en aza indirgemek için tek çaba,
yapıyı depreme bağlı kuvvetlere karşı koyacak şekilde tasarlanması ve inşa
edilmesidir. Özellikle Kobi, Northridge ve Düzce depremleri gözönünde
bulundurulduğunda hastane, okul gibi kamu binalarının ve çok-katlı binaların
depreme karşı temel izolatörlerle korunması gerekliliği öngörülmektedir.
Yapılar için istenen depreme dayanıklı bir tasarıma ulaşmak için çeşitli
girişimlerde bulunulmuştur. Bu girişimler sonucunda, bir deprem sırasında
yapısal tepkileri azaltmak için önemli ölçüde faydalı olan önemli ilerlemeler
kaydedilmiştir. Farklı deprem yer hareketleri altında tek ayarlı kütle
sönümleyici (STMD), çoklu ayarlı kütle sönümleyicileri (MTMD’ler) ve dağıtılmış
çoklu ayarlı kütle sönümleyicileri (d-MTMD’ler) kullanılarak, taban izolasyonlu
yapıların sismik tepki kontrolünün incelenmesi gerekmektedir.  Bu çalışmada yapı, tabakalı kauçuk mesnetler
(LRB), kurşun çekirdekli kauçuk mesnetler (N-Z), sürtünmeli sarkaç sistemi
(FPS) ve esnek sürtünmeli taban izolatörü (R-FBI) izolasyon sistemleri ile
izole edilmiş ve en üst katta STMD, MTMD’ler ve tabanda MTMD’ler ve katlarda
d-MTMD’ler ile donatılmıştır. Ayrıca parametrik çalışma için izolatör zaman
periyodu 2 ile 2,5 ve 3 sn arasında değiştirilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tüm
STMD durumları için kütle oranı %2, 3, 5 ve %10 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Buna
ek olarak, MTMD’ler en üst katın yanı sıra taban üzerine yerleştirilmiş ve
izole edilmiş yapının yüksekliği boyunca dağıtılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sismik Taban-İzolatörü, Sönümleme, Ayarlı Kütle Sönümleyici, Sürtünme, Depreme Dayanıklı Yapılar, Betonarme Yapılar

Kaynakça

• Brock, J. E. 1946. A Note on the Damped Vibration Absorber, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 68: A-284.
• Frahm, H. 1909. Device for Damping Vibration of Bodies, US Patent No: 989958.
• Iwanami, K., Seto, K. 1984. Optimum Design of Dual Tuned Mass Dampers and Their Effectiveness, Japan Society of Mechanical Engineering, 50(1): 44-52.
• Jangid, R.S. 1995. Dynamic Characteristics of Structures with Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers, Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 3(5): 497-509.
• Jangid, R.S., Datta, T.K. 1995. Performance of Base Isolation Systems for Asymmetric Building Subject to Random Excitation, Engineering Structures, 17 (6): 443-454.
• Kareem, A. 1997. Modelling of Base-Isolated Buildings with Passive Dampers Under Winds, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 72(1-3): 323-333.
• Kareem, A., Kline, S. 1995. Performance of Multiple Mass Dampers Under Random Loading, Journal of Structural Engineering, 121(2): 348-341.
• Kelly, J.M. 1986. Aseismic Base-isolation: Review and Bibliography, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 5(4): 202-216.
• Krishnamoorthy, A., Shetty, K.K. 2005. Seismic Response Control of Structure Using Tuned Mass Damper, Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Civil Engineering Division, 86 (AUG): 58-61.
• Li, C., Liu, Y. 2002. Further Characteristics for Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers, Journal of Structural Engineering, 128 (10): 1362-1365.
• Mokha, A., Constantinou, M., Reinhorn, A. 1990. Teflon Bearings in Base-Isolation, Journal of Structural Engineering, 116(2): 438-454.
• Palazzo, B., Petti, L. 1997. Combined Control Strategy: Base Isolation and Tuned Mass Damping, Journal of Earthquake Technology, 36(2-4): 121-137.
• Palazzo, B., Petti, L. ,M. Ligio, D. 1999. Response of Base Isolated Systems Equipped with Tuned Mass Dampers to Random Excitations, Journal of Structural Control, 4(11): 9-22.
• Rana, R. ,Soong, T.T. 1998. Parametric Study and Simplified Design of Tuned Mass Dampers, Engineering Structures, 20(3): 193-204.
• Randall, S.E., Halsted, D.M. ,Taylor, D.L. 1981. Optimum Vibration Absorbers for Linear Damped Systems, Mechanical Design, 103(12): 908-913.
• Soong, T.T. ,Dargush G.F. 1997. Passive Energy Dissipation Systems in Structural Engineering, John Wily and Sons Yayınları, 368s. Chichester.
• Su, L., Ahmadi, G., Tadjbakhsh, I.G. 1990. A Probabilistic Comparative Study of Base Isolation Systems, Mechanics of Structures and Machines, 18(1): 107-133.
• Tsai, H. 1995. The Effect of Tuned-Mass Dampers on the Seismic Response of Base-Isolated Structures, International Journal of Solid Structures, 32(8/9): 1199-1210.
• Xu, K., Igusa, T. 1992. Dynamic Characteristics of Multiple Substructure with Closely Spaced Frequencies, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 21(12): 1059-1070.
• Yamaguchi, H., Harnpornchai, N. 1993. Fundamental Characteristics of Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers for Suppressing Harmonically Forced Oscillations, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 22(1): 51-62.
• Yang, J., Dandelions, A., Liu, S. 1991. Aseismic Hybrid Control Systems for Building Structures, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 117(4): 836-853.
• Naimi, S., Kamiarfar, M. 2016. Faya Yakın Depremlerin Etkisi ve Yapıların Güçlendirme Amacı ile İncelenmesi, İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Dergisi, 32: 127-136.
• Bekdaş, G. ve Niğdeli, S. M. (2011), “Estimating Optimum Parameters of Tuned Mass Dampers using Harmony Search”, Engineering Structures, 33(9), Sayfa 2716-2723.
• Bekdaş, G., ve Niğdeli, S. M. (2013), “Mass ratio factor for optimum tuned mass damper strategies”, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 71, Sayfa 68-84.
• Özkaya, C., Akyüz, A., Caner, A., Dicleli, M. ve Pınarbaşı, S. (2011), “Development of a New Rubber Seismic Isolator: ‘Ball Rubber Bearing”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 40(12), Sayfa1337-1352.