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Determination of the Water Footprint of the Staff and Students at Yenisey Campus of Ardahan University

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1526 - 1536, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.587306

Öz

Demand for freshwater has increased in recent years. Population growth,
improvement in living standards, change in consumption patterns, expansion of
irrigated agricultural areas, etc. can be listed as the reasons for the
increase in fresh water demand. Water
use on a global scale is mostly associated with agricultural production,
however, industrial and domestic areas consume and pollute a significant
amount of water, too. Arjen Y. Hoekstra considered water consumption throughout
the supply chain and created the concept of "water footprint". The
water footprint is an indicator of freshwater consumption that looks at both
direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer. The overall objective
in assessing the water footprint is to analyse the relation of human activities
or certain products with water scarcity and pollution, and how activities and
products can become more sustainable from a water perspective. This study was conducted by taking into
consideration an equal number of staff and students in each unit at Yenisey
Campus of Ardahan University. The study aimed to determine the water footprint
of the campus in relation to personal consumption behaviours by asking the
questions in the "Water
Footprint Network (WFN)"
to a total of 320 people at the campus, including 160 from both the
staff and the students. According to the Water Footprint Network, the average
water footprint of the staff was determined as 1420.4 m3/ year and
of the students as 1490.1 m3/ year, and in total, the average was
1455.2 m3/ year.
 

Kaynakça

  • Cao, X., Wu, M., Zheng, Y., Guo, X., Chen, D., Wang, W. 2018a. "Can China achieve food security through the development of irrigation?", Regional Environmental Change, 18(2), 465-475.
  • Cao, X., Ren, J., Wu, M., Guo, X., Wang, Z., Wang, W. 2018b. "Effective use rate of generalized water resources assessment and to improve agricultural water use efficiency evaluation index system", Ecological Indicators, 86, 58-66.
  • FAO, 2013. "Food Wastage Footprint: Impacts on Natural Resources. Summary Report", http://www.fao.org/3/i3347e/i3347e.pdf, Son erişim tarihi: 03.06.2019
  • Feng, K., Siu, Y.L., Guan, D., Hubacek, K. 2012. "Assessing regional virtual water flows and water footprints in the Yellow River Basin, China: A consumption based approach", Applied Geography, 32 (2), 691-701.
  • Gustavsson, J., Cederberg, C., Sonesson, U., Otterdijk, R., Van Meybeck, A. 2011. "Global Food Losses and Food Waste: Extent, Causes and Prevention", FAO, Rome, http://www.fao.org/3/a-i2697e.pdf, Son erişim tarihi: 03.06.2019
  • Hoekstra, A. Y., Chapagain, A. K., Aldaya, M. M., Mekonnen, M. M. 2011. The Water Footprint Assessment Manual, Setting the Global Standard, Water Footprint Network, London, Washington DC.
  • Hoekstra, A.Y., Mekonnen, M.M. 2012. "The water footprint of humanity", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 109(9), 3232-3237.
  • Mekonnen, M. M., Hoekstra, A. Y. 2016. "Four billion people facing severe water scarcity", Science Advances, 2 (2) DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500323.
  • Renault, D., Wallender, W.W. 2000. "Nutritional water productivity and diets", Agricultural Water Management, 45, 275-296.
  • Rockström, J., Falkenmark, M., Karlberg, L., Hoff, H., Rost, S., Gerten, D. 2009. "Future water availability for global food production: The potential of green water for increasing resilience to global change", Water Resources Research, 45, 1-16.
  • Schewe, J., Heinke, J., Gerten, D., Haddeland, I., Arnell, N.W., Clark, D.B., Dankers, R., Eisner, S., Fekete, B. M., Colón-González, F. J., Gosling, S. N., Kim, H., Liu, X., Masaki, Y., Portmann, F. T., Satoh, Y., Stacke, T., Tang, Q., Wada, Y., Wisser, D., Albrecht, T., Frieler, K., Piontek, F., Warszawski, L., Kabat, P. 2014. "Multimodel assessment of water scarcity under climate change", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 111(9), 3245-3250.
  • Water Footprint Network. "Personal water pootprint calculator",https://waterfootprint.org/en/resources/interactive-tools/personal-water-footprint calculator/personal-calculator-extended/,Son erişim tarihi: 29.05.2019
  • Water Footprinting Report, 2009. Identifying & Addressing water risks in the value chain, SABMILLER, WWF.
  • Vörösmarty, C.J., Green, P., Salisbury, J., Lammers, R.B. 2000. "Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth", Science, 289(5477), 284-288.

Ardahan Üniversitesi Yenisey Kampüsü'nde Görev Yapan Personel ve Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerin Su Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1526 - 1536, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.587306

Öz

Son
yıllarda, tatlı su talebinde artış olmuştur. Nüfus artışı, yaşam standartlarını
iyileştirme, tüketim modellerini değiştirme, sulanan tarımsal alanların
genişlemesi v.s. tatlı su talebi artışının nedenleri olarak sıralanabilir. Küresel ölçekte su kullanımı, çoğunlukla
tarımsal üretimle olup bununla birlikte endüstriyel ve evsel alanlarda
tüketilen ve kirlenen önemli derecede su miktarıyla gerçekleşmektedir. Arjen Y.
Hoekstra, tedarik zinciri boyunca su tüketimini göz önünde bulundurmuş ve
"su ayak izi" kavramının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Su ayak izi,
bir tüketicinin veya üreticinin hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı su kullanımını
gözeten tatlı su tüketiminin bir göstergesidir. Su ayak izini değerlendirmede
genel amaç, insan faaliyetlerinin veya belirli ürünlerin su kıtlığı ve
kirliliği ile ilgili olduğunu, faaliyetlerin ve ürünlerin su perspektifinden
nasıl daha sürdürülebilir hale gelebileceğini analiz etmektir. Bu çalışma, Ardahan Üniversitesi Yenisey
Kampüsü'nde her birimde eşit sayıda personel ve öğrenci katılımı dikkate
alınarak uygulanmıştır. Kampüste görev yapan 160 personel ve öğrenim gören 160
öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 320 kişiye "
Su Ayak İzi Ağı (Water Footprint Network-WFN)"ndaki sorular
yöneltilerek, kişisel tüketim davranışlarına bağlı olarak kampüsün su ayak
izinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Su ayak İzi Ağı'na göre personelin su ayak
izi ortalama 1420.4  m3/yıl,
öğrencilerin su ayak izi ortalama 1490.1 m3/yıl, toplam su ayak izi
ise ortalama 1455.2 m3/yıl olarak belirlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Cao, X., Wu, M., Zheng, Y., Guo, X., Chen, D., Wang, W. 2018a. "Can China achieve food security through the development of irrigation?", Regional Environmental Change, 18(2), 465-475.
  • Cao, X., Ren, J., Wu, M., Guo, X., Wang, Z., Wang, W. 2018b. "Effective use rate of generalized water resources assessment and to improve agricultural water use efficiency evaluation index system", Ecological Indicators, 86, 58-66.
  • FAO, 2013. "Food Wastage Footprint: Impacts on Natural Resources. Summary Report", http://www.fao.org/3/i3347e/i3347e.pdf, Son erişim tarihi: 03.06.2019
  • Feng, K., Siu, Y.L., Guan, D., Hubacek, K. 2012. "Assessing regional virtual water flows and water footprints in the Yellow River Basin, China: A consumption based approach", Applied Geography, 32 (2), 691-701.
  • Gustavsson, J., Cederberg, C., Sonesson, U., Otterdijk, R., Van Meybeck, A. 2011. "Global Food Losses and Food Waste: Extent, Causes and Prevention", FAO, Rome, http://www.fao.org/3/a-i2697e.pdf, Son erişim tarihi: 03.06.2019
  • Hoekstra, A. Y., Chapagain, A. K., Aldaya, M. M., Mekonnen, M. M. 2011. The Water Footprint Assessment Manual, Setting the Global Standard, Water Footprint Network, London, Washington DC.
  • Hoekstra, A.Y., Mekonnen, M.M. 2012. "The water footprint of humanity", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 109(9), 3232-3237.
  • Mekonnen, M. M., Hoekstra, A. Y. 2016. "Four billion people facing severe water scarcity", Science Advances, 2 (2) DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500323.
  • Renault, D., Wallender, W.W. 2000. "Nutritional water productivity and diets", Agricultural Water Management, 45, 275-296.
  • Rockström, J., Falkenmark, M., Karlberg, L., Hoff, H., Rost, S., Gerten, D. 2009. "Future water availability for global food production: The potential of green water for increasing resilience to global change", Water Resources Research, 45, 1-16.
  • Schewe, J., Heinke, J., Gerten, D., Haddeland, I., Arnell, N.W., Clark, D.B., Dankers, R., Eisner, S., Fekete, B. M., Colón-González, F. J., Gosling, S. N., Kim, H., Liu, X., Masaki, Y., Portmann, F. T., Satoh, Y., Stacke, T., Tang, Q., Wada, Y., Wisser, D., Albrecht, T., Frieler, K., Piontek, F., Warszawski, L., Kabat, P. 2014. "Multimodel assessment of water scarcity under climate change", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 111(9), 3245-3250.
  • Water Footprint Network. "Personal water pootprint calculator",https://waterfootprint.org/en/resources/interactive-tools/personal-water-footprint calculator/personal-calculator-extended/,Son erişim tarihi: 29.05.2019
  • Water Footprinting Report, 2009. Identifying & Addressing water risks in the value chain, SABMILLER, WWF.
  • Vörösmarty, C.J., Green, P., Salisbury, J., Lammers, R.B. 2000. "Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth", Science, 289(5477), 284-288.
Toplam 14 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nesrin Dursun 0000-0002-7463-1038

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Dursun, N. (2019). Ardahan Üniversitesi Yenisey Kampüsü’nde Görev Yapan Personel ve Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerin Su Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, 12(3), 1526-1536. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.587306