Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Measurement of K Level Natural Line Widths, Kα1 and Kα2 X-Ray Line Widths

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 837 - 848, 31.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.927078

Öz

In this study, the K shell natural line widths with K1 and K2 X-ray line widths of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn elements and compounds were semi-experimentally calculated by using the values of K shell fluorescence yield. An 241Am radioisotope source, emitting in 75 mCi intensity and 59.5 keV energy gamma rays was used to stimulate the samples. A solid state Si(Li) detector have a resolution 155 eV at 5.96 keV, was used to count K X-rays emitted from the specimens. It was determined that the X-ray line widths of ΓK1 and ΓK2 and the natural line width of the ΓK K level vary depending on the chemical structure. The results show that ΓK, ΓK1 and ΓK2 line widths measured in compounds deviated up to 5-48% from according to values of the pure element. The present results, for pure elements, are in good agreement with the results of other researchers in the literature within the limits of error.


Destekleyen Kurum

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Proje Numarası

2017/2-35 M

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi (BAP) tarafından desteklenmiştir ve yazarlar bu destek için BAP birimine minnettardır.

Kaynakça

  • Bambynek W., Craseman B., Fink R.W., Freund H.U., Mark H., Swift C.D., Price R.E., Rao P.V., 1972. X-Ray Fluorescence Yields, Auger, and Coster Kronig Transition Probabilities, Review of Modern Physics 44(4), (1972), 716-813.
  • Boydaş E., Orhan E., Boydaş M.G., Cömert E., 2015. Chemical Shifts of Kα and Kβ1,3 X-ray Emission Spectra for Oxygen Compounds of Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu with WDXRF, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 195, 1757-1761.
  • Broll N., 1986. Quantitative X-Ray-Fluorescence Analysis - Theory and Practice of the Fundamental Coefficient Method, X-Ray Spectrometry 15(4), 271-285.
  • Campbell J.L and Papp T., 2001. Widths of the atomic K-N7 levels, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 77(1), 1-56.
  • Campbell J.L. and Schulte C.W., 1980. Energy-dispersive measurement of Kα x-ray line widths and relative intensities, Phys. Rev. A 22(2), 609-613.
  • Cevik U., Değirmencioğlu I., Ertuğral B., Apaydın G., Baltaş H., 2005. Chemical effects on the K β/Kα X-ray intensity ratios of Mn, Ni and Cu complexes, The European Physical Journal D-Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics 36(1), 29-32.
  • Durak R. and Özdemir Y., 1998. K- to L- and M-shell radiative vacancy transfer probability measurements in some elements from Nd to Pb ,J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 31(16), 3575-3581.
  • Ertuğrul M. and Şimşek Ö., 2002. Determination of L-2 and L-3 subshell fluorescence yields of some elements in the atomic number range 22≦ Z≦ 62, Radiation Physics and Chemistry 65(3), 205-209.
  • Hubbell J.H., Seltzer S.M., 1995. Tables of X-ray mass attenu¬ation coefficients and mass energy absorption coefficients1 keV to 20 MeV for elements Z=1 to 92 and 48 addi¬tional substances of dosimetric interest, U.S., Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Insti¬tute of Standards and Phys. Laboratory, NISTIR5692.
  • John J.M. and DuMond J.W.M., 1961. Precision measurement of L X-ray wavelengths and line widths for 74 ≦ Z ≦ 95 and their interpretation in terms of nuclear perturbations, Annals of Physics 14, 166-288.
  • Kessler E.G., Deslattes Jr.R.D., Girard D., Schwithz W., Jacobs L. and Renner O., 1982. Mid-to-high-Z precision x-ray measurements , Phys. Rev. A26(5), 2696-2706.
  • Kundeyi K., Aylikci K.N., 2019.The Semi-Empirical Determination of Kα X-ray, KLL Auger Line and L subshell level widths for 3d transition elements at 59.5 keV, Celal Bayar University Journal of Science 15(1), 57-64.
  • Krause M.O. and Oliver J.H., 1979. Natural widths of atomic K and L levels, Kα X‐ray lines and several KLL Auger lines, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 8, 329 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 8(2), 329-338
  • Mauron O., Dousse J.Cl., Beachler S., Berset M., Maillard Y-P. and Raboud P.A., 2003. Reexamination of L-3 and M-1 atomic-level widths of elements 54≦Z≦77, Physical Rev. A67(3), 032506.
  • Mukoyama T., 2000. Kalpha(1,2) X-ray emission lines of chromium and its compounds, X-Ray Spectrometry 29(6), 413-417.
  • Nyholm R., Martensson N., Lebugle A., Axelsson U., 1981. Auger and Coster-Kronig Broadening Effects in the 2P and 3P Photoelectron-Spectra from The Metals Ti-22-Zn-30, Journal of Physics F-METAL Physics, 1727-1733.
  • Raboud P.A., Berset M., Dousse J.Cl., and Maillard Y.P., 2002. L1 atomic-level width of elements 62≦Z≦83 Phys. Rev. A 65, 022512.
  • Salem S.I. and Lee P.L., 1976. Experimental widths of K and L x-ray lines, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 18(3), 233-241. Scofield J.H., 1973. Theoretical photoionisation cross-sections from 1 to 1500 keV, Lawrence Livermore National Lab¬oratory Report UCRL 51326.
  • Scofield J.H., 1974. Relativistic Hatree-Slater values for K and L X-ray emission rates, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 14(2), 121-137.
  • Schönfeld E. and Janßen H. 1996. Evaluation of atomic shell data, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 369(2-3), 527-533.
  • Sögüt Ö., 2009. Investigation of K to L shell/subshell vacancy transitions of Zn and Fe in FexZn1-x thin film alloys, Radiochimica Acta 97 (12), 695-699.
  • Söğüt Ö., Büyükkasap E., Erdoğan H., 2002. Chemical-effect variation of Kβ/Kα X-ray intensity ratios in 3d elements Radiation Physics and Chemistry 64(5-6), 343-348. Sögüt Ö., Büyükkasap E., Ertugrul M., Küçükönder A., 1997.Chemical Effect on L X-ray Intensity Ratios of Mercury, Lead, and Bismuth, Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 32 (1-2), 167-173.
  • Yin L.I., Adler I., Chen MH and Craseman B., 1973. Width of Atomic L2 and L3 Vacancy States near Z=30, Physics Review A7, 897-902.

Measurement of K Level Natural Line Widths, Kα1 and Kα2 X-Ray Line Widths

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 837 - 848, 31.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.927078

Öz

Bu çalışmada Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu ve Zn element ve bileşiklerinin K kabuğu doğal çizgi genişlikleri ile Kα1 ve Kα2 X-ışını çizgi genişlikleri yarı deneysel olarak, K kabuk flüoresans verimi değerleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. Numuneleri uyarmak için 75mCi şiddetinde ve 59. 5 keV enerjili gama ışınları yayınlayan 241Am radyoizotop kaynağı kullanıldı. Numunelerden yayınlanan K X-ışınlarını saymak için çözünürlüğü 5.96 keV'de 155 eV olan katı hal Si(Li) detektörü kullanıldı. Kimyasal yapıya bağlı olarak K seviyesi doğal çizgi genişliği ile Kα1 ve Kα2 X-ışını çizgi genişliklerinin değiştiği tespit edildi. Sonuçlar bileşiklerde ölçülen ΓK, ΓKα1 and ΓKα2 çizgi genişliklerinin saf element değerlerine göre % 5-48 kadar değiştiğini göstermektedir. Ancak, saf elementler için ölçülen deneysel sonuçlar, literatürdeki diğer araştırmacıların sonuçlarıyla hata sınırları dâhilinde iyi bir uyum içinde olduğu bulunmuştur.

Proje Numarası

2017/2-35 M

Kaynakça

  • Bambynek W., Craseman B., Fink R.W., Freund H.U., Mark H., Swift C.D., Price R.E., Rao P.V., 1972. X-Ray Fluorescence Yields, Auger, and Coster Kronig Transition Probabilities, Review of Modern Physics 44(4), (1972), 716-813.
  • Boydaş E., Orhan E., Boydaş M.G., Cömert E., 2015. Chemical Shifts of Kα and Kβ1,3 X-ray Emission Spectra for Oxygen Compounds of Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu with WDXRF, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 195, 1757-1761.
  • Broll N., 1986. Quantitative X-Ray-Fluorescence Analysis - Theory and Practice of the Fundamental Coefficient Method, X-Ray Spectrometry 15(4), 271-285.
  • Campbell J.L and Papp T., 2001. Widths of the atomic K-N7 levels, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 77(1), 1-56.
  • Campbell J.L. and Schulte C.W., 1980. Energy-dispersive measurement of Kα x-ray line widths and relative intensities, Phys. Rev. A 22(2), 609-613.
  • Cevik U., Değirmencioğlu I., Ertuğral B., Apaydın G., Baltaş H., 2005. Chemical effects on the K β/Kα X-ray intensity ratios of Mn, Ni and Cu complexes, The European Physical Journal D-Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics 36(1), 29-32.
  • Durak R. and Özdemir Y., 1998. K- to L- and M-shell radiative vacancy transfer probability measurements in some elements from Nd to Pb ,J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 31(16), 3575-3581.
  • Ertuğrul M. and Şimşek Ö., 2002. Determination of L-2 and L-3 subshell fluorescence yields of some elements in the atomic number range 22≦ Z≦ 62, Radiation Physics and Chemistry 65(3), 205-209.
  • Hubbell J.H., Seltzer S.M., 1995. Tables of X-ray mass attenu¬ation coefficients and mass energy absorption coefficients1 keV to 20 MeV for elements Z=1 to 92 and 48 addi¬tional substances of dosimetric interest, U.S., Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Insti¬tute of Standards and Phys. Laboratory, NISTIR5692.
  • John J.M. and DuMond J.W.M., 1961. Precision measurement of L X-ray wavelengths and line widths for 74 ≦ Z ≦ 95 and their interpretation in terms of nuclear perturbations, Annals of Physics 14, 166-288.
  • Kessler E.G., Deslattes Jr.R.D., Girard D., Schwithz W., Jacobs L. and Renner O., 1982. Mid-to-high-Z precision x-ray measurements , Phys. Rev. A26(5), 2696-2706.
  • Kundeyi K., Aylikci K.N., 2019.The Semi-Empirical Determination of Kα X-ray, KLL Auger Line and L subshell level widths for 3d transition elements at 59.5 keV, Celal Bayar University Journal of Science 15(1), 57-64.
  • Krause M.O. and Oliver J.H., 1979. Natural widths of atomic K and L levels, Kα X‐ray lines and several KLL Auger lines, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 8, 329 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 8(2), 329-338
  • Mauron O., Dousse J.Cl., Beachler S., Berset M., Maillard Y-P. and Raboud P.A., 2003. Reexamination of L-3 and M-1 atomic-level widths of elements 54≦Z≦77, Physical Rev. A67(3), 032506.
  • Mukoyama T., 2000. Kalpha(1,2) X-ray emission lines of chromium and its compounds, X-Ray Spectrometry 29(6), 413-417.
  • Nyholm R., Martensson N., Lebugle A., Axelsson U., 1981. Auger and Coster-Kronig Broadening Effects in the 2P and 3P Photoelectron-Spectra from The Metals Ti-22-Zn-30, Journal of Physics F-METAL Physics, 1727-1733.
  • Raboud P.A., Berset M., Dousse J.Cl., and Maillard Y.P., 2002. L1 atomic-level width of elements 62≦Z≦83 Phys. Rev. A 65, 022512.
  • Salem S.I. and Lee P.L., 1976. Experimental widths of K and L x-ray lines, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 18(3), 233-241. Scofield J.H., 1973. Theoretical photoionisation cross-sections from 1 to 1500 keV, Lawrence Livermore National Lab¬oratory Report UCRL 51326.
  • Scofield J.H., 1974. Relativistic Hatree-Slater values for K and L X-ray emission rates, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 14(2), 121-137.
  • Schönfeld E. and Janßen H. 1996. Evaluation of atomic shell data, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 369(2-3), 527-533.
  • Sögüt Ö., 2009. Investigation of K to L shell/subshell vacancy transitions of Zn and Fe in FexZn1-x thin film alloys, Radiochimica Acta 97 (12), 695-699.
  • Söğüt Ö., Büyükkasap E., Erdoğan H., 2002. Chemical-effect variation of Kβ/Kα X-ray intensity ratios in 3d elements Radiation Physics and Chemistry 64(5-6), 343-348. Sögüt Ö., Büyükkasap E., Ertugrul M., Küçükönder A., 1997.Chemical Effect on L X-ray Intensity Ratios of Mercury, Lead, and Bismuth, Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 32 (1-2), 167-173.
  • Yin L.I., Adler I., Chen MH and Craseman B., 1973. Width of Atomic L2 and L3 Vacancy States near Z=30, Physics Review A7, 897-902.
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ömer Söğüt 0000-0003-1987-1116

Proje Numarası 2017/2-35 M
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Söğüt, Ö. (2021). Measurement of K Level Natural Line Widths, Kα1 and Kα2 X-Ray Line Widths. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, 14(2), 837-848. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.927078