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EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 26 - 31, 30.03.2019

Öz

Ebelik
eğitiminin amacı özellikle kadın, bebek ve çocuk sağlığının korunması ve
geliştirilmesine yönelik bilgi ve beceri kazandırmak olup istenilen niteliklere
sahip ebeler yetiştirmektir. Bu derleme farklı ülkelerin ebelik eğitimini
değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ebelik eğitiminde ülkeler arasında farklılıklar
ve benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Bazı ülkelerde ebelik eğitimi üç bazılarında ise
dört yıllık eğitim ile verilmektedir. Ebelik mesleğinin gelişmiş olduğu çoğu
ülkede ebelerin yetkileri sertifika programları ile genişletilmiştir. Ebelik
mesleğinin güçlenmesi için standart bir eğitim yürütülmeli ve mezunu olan
öğrenciler, belirli mesleki yeterlilik ve yetkinliklere sahip olmalıdır. Ebelerin
kadınlara yüksek düzeyde ve kaliteli bir bakım verebilmesi için yüksek
standartta öğrenim görmeleri, akademik olarak geliştirilmeleri ve güçlü özerk konumlarının
korunması gerekmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Applauds Introduction of the Improving Access to Maternity Care Act. 2015.
  • American College of Nurse-Midwives, Midwifery education trends report 2015, Accreditation Comission for Midwifery Education 2015;1-10.
  • Atun R, Aydın S, Chakroborty S, Sümer S, Aran M, Gürol İ, Nazlıoğlu S, Özgülcü Ş, Aydoğan Ü, Ayar B, Dilmen U, Akdağ R. Universal health coverage in Turkey: enhancement of equity. The Lancet 2013;6;382(9886):65-99.
  • Brucker MC. Midwifery in American Institutes of Higher Education: Women’s Work, Vocations and the 21st Century. Forum on Public Policy. 2009;0-11.
  • Canatan K, Yükselen A, Serbest F, Okumuş F. 2014 Yılı Hollanda İnsan Hakları Raporu. İslamofobi ve Entegrasyon Arasında Azınlıklar. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, 2015. p.12-20.
  • Cheung NF, Mander R, Cheng L, Yang XQ, Chen VY. ‘Informed choice’ in the context of caesarean decision making in China. Evidence Based Midwifery 2005;3:33-8.
  • Curriculum: Bachelor of Midwifery (B.M). National Curriculum Bachelor of Midwifery Denmark 2009. p.4-12.
  • Çakır Koçak Y, Öztürk Can H, Yücel U, Demirelöz Akyüz M, Çeber Turfan E. Türkiye’de Ebelik Bölümlerinin Akademik ve Fiziki Profili, HSP 2017;4(2):88-97.
  • Embo M, Valcke M. Workplace learning in midwifery education in Flanders (Belgium). Midwifery. 2016;33:24-7.
  • Emons J, Luiten M. Midwifery in Europe. An inventory in fifteen EU-member states. Deloitte & Touche. The Netherlands. 2001. p.30-126.
  • European Commission, Evaluation of the Professional Qualifications Directive (Directive 2005/36/EC) 2016. p.47-9.
  • Groß M, Learning and teaching in midwifery education, Midwifery Research and Education Unit Hannover Medical School. 2014 URL: https://www.mh-hannover.de/fileadmin/kliniken/geburtshilfe_praenatalmedizin/download/heb-studium_-forschung/Studiengang/Modulflyer/Flyer_learning_and_teaching_2014.pdf
  • Gualda DMR, Narchi NZ, Campos EA. Strengthening midwifery in Brazil: Education, regulation and professional association of midwives. Midwifery 2013;29(10):1077-81.
  • Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). Projecting the supply and demand for primary care practitioners through 2020. 2013. URL: https://bhw.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/bhw/nchwa/projectingprimarycare.pdf
  • Hochschule für Gesundheit (HSG). Brings New Life to the World Midwifery Degree Programme (B.Sc.) 2012. URL: https://www.hs-gesundheit.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Redakteure/pdfs/International_Office/Studiengangsflyer_engl/flyer_midwifery_web.pdf
  • Huang XH. The present and future of caesarean section. The Journal of the Chinese Applied Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2000;16:259-61.
  • Hunter M, Gunn J. Pharmacology and Prescribing. In: Pairman S, Pincombe J, Thorogood C, Tracy S. eds. Midwifery Preparation for Practice, Sydney: Elsivier 3th ed. 2015. p.858-91.
  • Korkmaz Yıldız N. Yeni Zelanda’da Ebelik Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi, 2008;1(2):76-80.
  • Li C, Zhang L, Ye L, et al. (Eds.), 2003. The Call of Life: A Strategic Action and Prospect for a Safe Motherhood Initiative. The Department of Public Health and the Maternity and Child Welfare of the State Public Health Ministry, the United Nations Children’s Fund, The Women, Children Office of the State Council, Beijing.
  • Mezuniyet öncesi ebelik ulusal çekirdek eğitim programı (EUÇEP) 2016, Ankara.
  • Ministry of Welfare. Reglugerd um menntun, rettindi og skyldur ljosmaedra og skilyrdi til ad hljota starfsleyfi og serfraedileyfi (Regulation on the Education, Rights and Obligations of Midwives and Criteria for Granting of Licences and Specialist Licences). Reykjavik, Iceland: Ministry of Welfare. Icelandic. 2012.
  • Narchi NZ, Silva LCFP, Gualda DMR. Midwifery training in Brazil: context, challenges and perspectives (Contexto, desafios e perspectivas na formação de obstetrizes no Brasil Saúde e Sociedade), 2013;21(2):510-19.
  • Okumuş F. Ebeler Liderliğinde Doğum Bakım Modeli Hollanda Örneği. Uluslararası Hakemli Kadın Hastalıkları ve Anne Çocuk Sağlığı Dergisi, 2016;(7):120-41.
  • Olafsdottir OA, Kristjansdottir H, Halfdansdottir B, Gottfredsdottir H. Midwifery in Iceland: From vocational training to university education. Midwifery 2018;62:104-6.
  • Pehlke-Milde J. Ein Kompetenzprofil für die Hebammenausbildung: Grundlage einer lernergebnisorientierten Curriculumsentwicklung. Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum curae, Universitätsmedizin 2009, Berlin, Institut für Medizin-Pflegepädagogik und Pflegewissenschaft.
  • Råholm MB, Hedegaard BL, Löfmark A, Slettebø Å. Nursing education in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden–from bachelor’s degree to PhD. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2010;66(9):2126-37.
  • Rayburn WF. The Obstetrician-Gynecologist Workforce in the United States, Facts, Figures and Implications. Washington, DC: American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2011.
  • Riesco MLG, Tsunechiro MA. Midwifery and Nurse-Midwifery Education: Old Problems or New Possibilities? (Formação profissional de obstetrizes e enfermeiras obstétricas: velhos problemas ou novas possibilidades?) Revista Estudos Feministas, 2002;10:449-59.
  • Robins J. Nursing and Midwifery in Ireland in the Twentieth Century Fifty Years of An Bord Altranais (The Nursing Board) 1950-2000, An Bord Altranais, Dublin, Ireland 2000. p.101-24.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü. Sağlık İstatistikleri Yıllığı Ankara, 2014.
  • The International Confederation of Midwives. Global Standards. Glossary of Terms-June 2011.p.1-17. URL: http://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/Global%20Standards%20Comptencies%20Tools/English/GENERAL%20GLOSSARY%20OF%20TERMS%20ENG%20_revised_db_12-oct-11.pdf
  • The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) Strengthening Midwifery. Global Standards for Midwifery Education (2010) Amended 2013. p.1-9. URL: http://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/CoreDocuments/ICM%20Standards%20Guidelines_ammended2013.pdf
  • The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) Strengthening Midwifery. Globally. International Definition of the Midwife. Toronto. 2017. p.1. URL: https://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/Position%20Statements%20-%20English/New%20Position%20Statements%20in%202014%20and%202017%20/ENG%20Definition_of_the_Midwife%202017.pdf
  • UKCC. Guidelines for Professional practice. United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. London. 1998. p.5-37.
  • U.S. Department of Education. Enrollment in distance education courses, by state: fall 2012. URL: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2014/2014023.pdf
  • Yörük S. Türkiye’de Ebelik Eğitiminin Gelişimi. Tıp Etiği ve Hukuku Dergisi. 2012;20(1):38-42.
  • Yükseköğretim Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi, Öğretim Elemanı İstatistikleri, Ebelik Anabilim Dalı Öğretim Elemanı Sayıları, 2018.
  • Zhou N, Lu H. A review and comparison of midwifery management and education in five representative countries. International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018;5(1):10-4.
  • Zondag L, Cadee F, de Geus M. Education. In: Kweekel L eds. Midwifery in the Netherlands The Royal Dutch Organisation of Midwives (KNOV) 2017. p.7-16.
  • World Health Organization Meeting Report. Strengthening quality midwifery education. Switzerland. 2016. p.18-23.
  • World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2006- working together for health. Geneva: WHO; 2006.

World situation of midwifery education

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 26 - 31, 30.03.2019

Öz

The
aim of midwifery education is to provide knowledge and skills for the
protection and improvement of especially women, infants and children’s health
and also train qualified midwives. This review was conducted to evaluate the
midwifery education of different countries. There are differences and
similarities between countries in midwifery education. Midwifery education is
given in three years in some countries and four years in others. Midwife’s
authorities have been expanded with certificate programs in most countries
where the midwifery profession has developed.
A
standardized training should be conducted to strengthen the midwifery
profession and graduate students who should have specific professional
qualifications and competence. It is required to midwives study at a high
standard, to develop academically and the protection of powerful autonomous
position to give women a high level of quality care.

Kaynakça

  • American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Applauds Introduction of the Improving Access to Maternity Care Act. 2015.
  • American College of Nurse-Midwives, Midwifery education trends report 2015, Accreditation Comission for Midwifery Education 2015;1-10.
  • Atun R, Aydın S, Chakroborty S, Sümer S, Aran M, Gürol İ, Nazlıoğlu S, Özgülcü Ş, Aydoğan Ü, Ayar B, Dilmen U, Akdağ R. Universal health coverage in Turkey: enhancement of equity. The Lancet 2013;6;382(9886):65-99.
  • Brucker MC. Midwifery in American Institutes of Higher Education: Women’s Work, Vocations and the 21st Century. Forum on Public Policy. 2009;0-11.
  • Canatan K, Yükselen A, Serbest F, Okumuş F. 2014 Yılı Hollanda İnsan Hakları Raporu. İslamofobi ve Entegrasyon Arasında Azınlıklar. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, 2015. p.12-20.
  • Cheung NF, Mander R, Cheng L, Yang XQ, Chen VY. ‘Informed choice’ in the context of caesarean decision making in China. Evidence Based Midwifery 2005;3:33-8.
  • Curriculum: Bachelor of Midwifery (B.M). National Curriculum Bachelor of Midwifery Denmark 2009. p.4-12.
  • Çakır Koçak Y, Öztürk Can H, Yücel U, Demirelöz Akyüz M, Çeber Turfan E. Türkiye’de Ebelik Bölümlerinin Akademik ve Fiziki Profili, HSP 2017;4(2):88-97.
  • Embo M, Valcke M. Workplace learning in midwifery education in Flanders (Belgium). Midwifery. 2016;33:24-7.
  • Emons J, Luiten M. Midwifery in Europe. An inventory in fifteen EU-member states. Deloitte & Touche. The Netherlands. 2001. p.30-126.
  • European Commission, Evaluation of the Professional Qualifications Directive (Directive 2005/36/EC) 2016. p.47-9.
  • Groß M, Learning and teaching in midwifery education, Midwifery Research and Education Unit Hannover Medical School. 2014 URL: https://www.mh-hannover.de/fileadmin/kliniken/geburtshilfe_praenatalmedizin/download/heb-studium_-forschung/Studiengang/Modulflyer/Flyer_learning_and_teaching_2014.pdf
  • Gualda DMR, Narchi NZ, Campos EA. Strengthening midwifery in Brazil: Education, regulation and professional association of midwives. Midwifery 2013;29(10):1077-81.
  • Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). Projecting the supply and demand for primary care practitioners through 2020. 2013. URL: https://bhw.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/bhw/nchwa/projectingprimarycare.pdf
  • Hochschule für Gesundheit (HSG). Brings New Life to the World Midwifery Degree Programme (B.Sc.) 2012. URL: https://www.hs-gesundheit.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Redakteure/pdfs/International_Office/Studiengangsflyer_engl/flyer_midwifery_web.pdf
  • Huang XH. The present and future of caesarean section. The Journal of the Chinese Applied Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2000;16:259-61.
  • Hunter M, Gunn J. Pharmacology and Prescribing. In: Pairman S, Pincombe J, Thorogood C, Tracy S. eds. Midwifery Preparation for Practice, Sydney: Elsivier 3th ed. 2015. p.858-91.
  • Korkmaz Yıldız N. Yeni Zelanda’da Ebelik Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi, 2008;1(2):76-80.
  • Li C, Zhang L, Ye L, et al. (Eds.), 2003. The Call of Life: A Strategic Action and Prospect for a Safe Motherhood Initiative. The Department of Public Health and the Maternity and Child Welfare of the State Public Health Ministry, the United Nations Children’s Fund, The Women, Children Office of the State Council, Beijing.
  • Mezuniyet öncesi ebelik ulusal çekirdek eğitim programı (EUÇEP) 2016, Ankara.
  • Ministry of Welfare. Reglugerd um menntun, rettindi og skyldur ljosmaedra og skilyrdi til ad hljota starfsleyfi og serfraedileyfi (Regulation on the Education, Rights and Obligations of Midwives and Criteria for Granting of Licences and Specialist Licences). Reykjavik, Iceland: Ministry of Welfare. Icelandic. 2012.
  • Narchi NZ, Silva LCFP, Gualda DMR. Midwifery training in Brazil: context, challenges and perspectives (Contexto, desafios e perspectivas na formação de obstetrizes no Brasil Saúde e Sociedade), 2013;21(2):510-19.
  • Okumuş F. Ebeler Liderliğinde Doğum Bakım Modeli Hollanda Örneği. Uluslararası Hakemli Kadın Hastalıkları ve Anne Çocuk Sağlığı Dergisi, 2016;(7):120-41.
  • Olafsdottir OA, Kristjansdottir H, Halfdansdottir B, Gottfredsdottir H. Midwifery in Iceland: From vocational training to university education. Midwifery 2018;62:104-6.
  • Pehlke-Milde J. Ein Kompetenzprofil für die Hebammenausbildung: Grundlage einer lernergebnisorientierten Curriculumsentwicklung. Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum curae, Universitätsmedizin 2009, Berlin, Institut für Medizin-Pflegepädagogik und Pflegewissenschaft.
  • Råholm MB, Hedegaard BL, Löfmark A, Slettebø Å. Nursing education in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden–from bachelor’s degree to PhD. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2010;66(9):2126-37.
  • Rayburn WF. The Obstetrician-Gynecologist Workforce in the United States, Facts, Figures and Implications. Washington, DC: American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2011.
  • Riesco MLG, Tsunechiro MA. Midwifery and Nurse-Midwifery Education: Old Problems or New Possibilities? (Formação profissional de obstetrizes e enfermeiras obstétricas: velhos problemas ou novas possibilidades?) Revista Estudos Feministas, 2002;10:449-59.
  • Robins J. Nursing and Midwifery in Ireland in the Twentieth Century Fifty Years of An Bord Altranais (The Nursing Board) 1950-2000, An Bord Altranais, Dublin, Ireland 2000. p.101-24.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü. Sağlık İstatistikleri Yıllığı Ankara, 2014.
  • The International Confederation of Midwives. Global Standards. Glossary of Terms-June 2011.p.1-17. URL: http://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/Global%20Standards%20Comptencies%20Tools/English/GENERAL%20GLOSSARY%20OF%20TERMS%20ENG%20_revised_db_12-oct-11.pdf
  • The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) Strengthening Midwifery. Global Standards for Midwifery Education (2010) Amended 2013. p.1-9. URL: http://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/CoreDocuments/ICM%20Standards%20Guidelines_ammended2013.pdf
  • The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) Strengthening Midwifery. Globally. International Definition of the Midwife. Toronto. 2017. p.1. URL: https://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/Position%20Statements%20-%20English/New%20Position%20Statements%20in%202014%20and%202017%20/ENG%20Definition_of_the_Midwife%202017.pdf
  • UKCC. Guidelines for Professional practice. United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. London. 1998. p.5-37.
  • U.S. Department of Education. Enrollment in distance education courses, by state: fall 2012. URL: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2014/2014023.pdf
  • Yörük S. Türkiye’de Ebelik Eğitiminin Gelişimi. Tıp Etiği ve Hukuku Dergisi. 2012;20(1):38-42.
  • Yükseköğretim Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi, Öğretim Elemanı İstatistikleri, Ebelik Anabilim Dalı Öğretim Elemanı Sayıları, 2018.
  • Zhou N, Lu H. A review and comparison of midwifery management and education in five representative countries. International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018;5(1):10-4.
  • Zondag L, Cadee F, de Geus M. Education. In: Kweekel L eds. Midwifery in the Netherlands The Royal Dutch Organisation of Midwives (KNOV) 2017. p.7-16.
  • World Health Organization Meeting Report. Strengthening quality midwifery education. Switzerland. 2016. p.18-23.
  • World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2006- working together for health. Geneva: WHO; 2006.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Sema Dereli Yılmaz

Yasemin Erkal Aksoy 0000-0002-7453-1205

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2018
Kabul Tarihi 25 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Dereli Yılmaz, S., & Erkal Aksoy, Y. (2019). EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU. Ebelik Ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 26-31.
AMA Dereli Yılmaz S, Erkal Aksoy Y. EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Mart 2019;1(1):26-31.
Chicago Dereli Yılmaz, Sema, ve Yasemin Erkal Aksoy. “EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU”. Ebelik Ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 1, sy. 1 (Mart 2019): 26-31.
EndNote Dereli Yılmaz S, Erkal Aksoy Y (01 Mart 2019) EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 1 1 26–31.
IEEE S. Dereli Yılmaz ve Y. Erkal Aksoy, “EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU”, Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 1, sy. 1, ss. 26–31, 2019.
ISNAD Dereli Yılmaz, Sema - Erkal Aksoy, Yasemin. “EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU”. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 1/1 (Mart 2019), 26-31.
JAMA Dereli Yılmaz S, Erkal Aksoy Y. EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;1:26–31.
MLA Dereli Yılmaz, Sema ve Yasemin Erkal Aksoy. “EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU”. Ebelik Ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 1, sy. 1, 2019, ss. 26-31.
Vancouver Dereli Yılmaz S, Erkal Aksoy Y. EBELİK EĞİTİMİNİN DÜNYADAKİ DURUMU. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;1(1):26-31.

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