Kamusallık Kavramı Üzerinden Kamusal Alanı ve Kamusal Alan Niteliklerini Tanımlamak

Öz

Kamusallık ve kamusal alan olgusu tarih boyunca kentlerin yaşanabilirliği ve canlılığı için önemli olmuştur. Kentler, insanların ortak faaliyetlerini içeren ve birlikte yaşamlarını paylaştıkları kamusal alanlar barındırır. Kamusal alan kavramı, farklı özellikleriyle çeşitli şekillerde tanımlanabilir ve anlamlandırılabilir. Bu çalışma, kamusallığın tanımlarını ve niteliklerini kavramsal ve deneysel açıdan değerlendirmekte ve kamusal alanın söylemsel – eylemsel ve kamusal yaşama ilişkin özelliklerini ortaya çıkartmaktadır. Bu tanımlardan yola çıkarak, mülkiyet, erişim ve kullanım özeliklerine bağlı değişkenlik gösteren, erişim ve kullanımı kontrollü, erişim ve kullanımı serbest kamusal alanlar açıklanmaktadır. Literatür taramasında farklı disiplinlerde tanımlanan kamusallık ve kamusal alan kavramları ele alınmaktadır. Kamusallık kavramı, kentsel kamusal alanın işlevleri üzerinden değerlendirilmekte ve başarılı bir kamusal alanın nitelikleri oluşturulmaktadır. Kamusal alanın nitelikleri fiziksel, sosyal, insan, toplum ve çevre ilişkileri nitelikleri baz alınarak incelenmektedir. Oluşturulan tanım ve nitelikler, kentsel planlamada hem teorik çalışmalar için hem de uygulama pratiği için önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kamusallık
• Kamusal Alan
• Kamu Mülkiyeti
• Özel Mülkiyet
• Kamusal Alan Nitelikleri

Describing Public Space and Its Qualities Through Publicness

Öz

Throughout history, the phenomena of publicness and public space has been crucial to the livability and vitality of cities. Cities contain public spaces that include people's common activities and where they share their lives together. There are numerous definitions and perceptions of the concept of "public space" each with its own unique qualities. This research uncovers the discursive-activist and public life-related characteristics of public space while analyzing the definitions and attributes of publicness from theoretical and empirical viewpoints. Based on these definitions, public spaces that vary depending on the characteristics of ownership, access, and use, as well as controlled and free access and usage, are explained. The literature review addresses the concepts of publicness and public space as defined in different disciplines. The concept of publicness is evaluated through the functions of urban public space, and the qualities of a successful public space are established. The qualities of public space are examined based on physical, social, human, community, and environmental relations. The characteristics and criteria developed are crucial for theoretical research as well as practical urban planning applications.

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