GÜVENLİ BÖLGELERİN ULUSLARARASI HUKUK AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE TÜRKİYE’NİN SURİYE’DE TESİS ETTİĞİ GÜVENLİ BÖLGE UYGULAMALARI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 91, 925 - 942, 25.07.2024

Berkant Akkuş

https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1392971

Öz

Güvenli bölgeler, genellikle çatışma bölgelerinden kaçan mültecilere barınma, gıda, su ve temel ihtiyaçlar sağlamak amacıyla oluşturulan alanlardır. Bu bölgeler, uluslararası toplumun yardım ve koruma amacı taşıyan bir girişimidir. Uluslararası hukuk çerçevesinde, güvenli bölgelerin oluşturulmasıyla ilgili bir dizi prensip ve kriter bulunmaktadır. Bu ilkelere göre, mültecilerin insan haklarına saygı gösterilmeli, insanlık dışı veya aşağılayıcı muamele yapılmamalı ve güvenli bölgelerde barınma hakları korunmalıdır. Ayrıca, uluslararası toplumun desteği ve iş birliği ile güvenli bölgelerin sürdürülebilirliği sağlanmalıdır. Bu bölgelerin oluşturulmasıyla ilgili kararlar dikkatlice değerlendirilmeli ve mültecilerin güvenliği, sağlığı ve refahı gözetilmelidir. Bu sayede uluslararası toplum, çatışma bölgelerinden kaçan mültecilere geçici bir sığınak ve koruma sağlayarak insani yardımda bulunabilir. Bu makale, uluslararası hukuk kapsamında güvenli bölgelerin temel zorluklarını, faydalarını, risklerini ele almayı ve mülteci alan devletlerin uyması gereken hukuki çerçeveye ilişkin incelemelerde bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Güvenli Bölgeler, Mülteci Koruması, İlticaya Erişim, Geri Göndermeme Yasağı, Sığınma Hakkı

EVALUATION OF SAFE ZONES IN TERMS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND TURKEY’S SAFE ZONE PRACTICES IN SYRIA

Öz

Safe zones are areas created with the purpose of providing shelter, food, water, and basic necessities to refugees fleeing conflict zones. These zones represent an international effort driven by the goal of aid and protection. Within the framework of international law, there are principles and criteria governing the establishment of safe zones. According to these principles, refugees must be treated with respect for their human rights, and inhumane or degrading treatment should be avoided. This article aims to examine the fundamental challenges, benefits, and risks of safe zones within the scope of international law. By evaluating the underlying objective of regulating migration flows, the article assesses whether the existence of safe zones serves as an alternative for states receiving refugees to comply with their obligations under international law, especially regarding the right to seek asylum and the principle of non-refoulement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Safe Zones, Refugee Protection, Access to Asylum, The Principle of Non-Refoulement, The Right to Asylum

Kaynakça

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