OTİZM SPEKTRUM BOZUKLUĞU İLE İLGİLİ METİNLERİN OKUNABİLİRLİĞİNİN VE İÇERİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

İnternet sitelerindeki bilgilendirme metinlerinin hasta hekim iletişimine ve hastaların tedaviye uyumuna olumlu katkılar sağlayabileceği bildirilmektedir. İnternetteki bilgi kaynaklarının içeriği, doğruluğu ve güvenilirliği kadar kullanıcılar tarafından okunabilirliği ve anlaşılabilirliği de önemlidir. Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) son yıllarda görülme sıklığı gittikçe artan bir halk sağlığı sorunu olduğundan bu alanda bilgi edinmek isteyen bireylerin doğru ve anlaşılabilir kaynaklara ulaşması OSB’nin yönetiminde önemli bir rol alacaktır. Çalışmamızda OSB ile ilgili olarak Türkçe internet sitelerinde sunulan hasta bilgilendirme metinlerinin içeriklerinin ve okunabilirlik düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İnternet arama motoru Google’da “Otizm, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu, Otistik Bozukluk, Yaygın Gelişimsel Bozukluk” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak yapılan aramada ulaşılan toplam 400 internet sitesi değerlendirmeye alındı. Ateşman ve Bezirci-Yılmaz okunabilirlik formülleri kullanılarak ortalama okunabilirlik düzeyi analiz edildi. Metin içerikleri ‘’Sağlık çalışanları tarafından hazırlanan internet siteleri’’ ve ‘’sağlık çalışanı olmayanlar tarafından hazırlanan internet Siteleri’’ olarak iki gruba ayrılıp karşılaştırıldı. 43 internet sitesi değerlendirme için uygun bulundu. İnternet sitelerinin okunabilirlik düzeyi Ateşman formülüne göre “zor”; Bezirci-Yılmaz formülüne göre ise “lisans düzeyinde” olduğu saptandı. Değerlendirilen tüm internet sitelerinin (n=43) içerik yüzdesi 65,12±22,71 olarak bulundu. Sağlık çalışanları tarafından hazırlanan internet siteleri içerik yüzdesi 81,18±19,32, sağlık çalışanı olmayanlar tarafından hazırlanan internet siteler içerik yüzdesi ise 42,00±3,94 olarak tespit edildi. Sağlık enformasyonuna internet üzerinden erişim, kronik hastalığı olan bireyler ve onların yakınları açısından da kritik değere sahiptir. OSB’li çocukların erken teşhis edilmesi ve erken yoğun müdahaleye ulaşabilmesi hastalığın prognozunda önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu alanda çoğu ailenin ilk başvuru kaynağı olan internet sitelerindeki metinlerin okunabilir, anlaşılabilir ve hastalıkla ilgili temel bilgileri içermesi OSB’nin prognozuna olumlu katkı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Okunabilirlik
• otizm
• otizm spektrum bozukluğu

EVALUATION OF READABILITY AND CONTENT OF TEXTS ON AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Öz

Informative texts on the websites may make positive contributions to patient-physician communication and patients' compliance. The readability and comprehensibility of the information resources on the Internet is as important as the content, accuracy, and reliability. Access to accurate and understandable resources for individuals who want to learn about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will play an important role in the management of ASD. In our study, it was aimed to
evaluate the contents and readability of information texts presented on Turkish websites about ASD. A total of 400 websites were evaluated in Google search using the keywords "autism, autism spectrum disorder, autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder". The average readability level was analyzed using the Ateşman and Bezirci-Yılmaz readability formulas. The text contents were divided into two groups "websites prepared by healthcare professionals" and "websites prepared by non-health professionals" and compared. Forty-three websites were eligible for evaluation. The readability level of the websites is “difficult” according to the Ateşman formula; According to the Bezirci-Yılmaz formula, it was found to be "undergraduate level". The percentage of content of all evaluated websites (n=43) was found to be 65.12±22.71. The content percentage of the websites prepared by health professionals was 81.18±19.32, and the content percentage of websites prepared by non-healthcare professionals was 42.00±3.94 (p=0.001). Access to health information on the Internet has a critical value for individuals with chronic diseases and their families. Early diagnosis of children with ASD and access to early intensive intervention have an important place in the prognosis of the disorder. The readability and comprehensibility of the texts on websites, which are the first source of reference for most families, may contribute to the management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Readability
• autism
• autism spectrum disorder

Kaynakça

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