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EPİDEMİYOLOJİDE MATEMATİK MODEL KULLANIMI: GELECEK TAHMİNİ

Yıl 2024, , 201 - 212, 05.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1473645

Öz

İnsan bedenine ilişkin “normal” işlevleri tanımlama ihtiyacının ortaya çıktığı günden beri sayıları kullanarak değerlendirme yapmak alışkanlık ve gereklilik haline gelmiştir ki sayı matematiğin dilidir. Yirminci yüzyılda bilgisayarların kullanılmaya başlanması ile yeni bir aşamaya geçilmiş ve hastalıkların tanısı, tedavisi, izlenmesi ve ileriye yönelik beklentilerin belirlenmesi konusunda önemli adımlar atılmıştır. Günümüzde veri madenciliği, yapay zeka, makine öğrenmesi, nöral ağ uygulamaları tıbbın her alanına girmiş ve geliştirilen algoritmalarla, modellemelerle matematik kullanımı tıbbın ve sağlık hizmetlerinin vazgeçilmez bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Özellikle son yaşanılan COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde matematik modellemelere olan ihtiyacın önemi daha da belirginleşmiştir.Sağlıkla ilgili her türlü durum ve olayın sıklığını ve dağılımını inceleyerek uygun kontrol yöntemleri geliştirmeyi amaç edinmiş epidemiyoloji bilimi için önemli bir alan olan matematik modellemeler başlangıçta sihirli bir formül gibi görünse de pek çok açmaz ile karşı karşıya olunduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada tıpta matematik modellemelerin kullanılma amaçları ve türleri konusunda özet bilgi verildikten sonra epidemiyolojik amaçla geliştirilmiş olan çeşitli modellemeler üzerinde durulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Gravemeijer K. Preamble: From models to modeling. In: K. Gravemeijer, R. Lehrer, B. Oers, L. Verschaffel (Eds). Symbolizing, modeling and tool use in mathematics education. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. pp. 7-22.
  • Altun M. Bir Yeterlik Alanı Olarak Matematiksel Modellemenin Yeniden Gözden Geçirilmesi. 2nd International Conference on Science, Mathematics, Entrepreneurship and Technology Education, 2020.
  • Kermack WO, McKendrick AG. A contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics. Proceedings of the royal society of london. Series A, Containing papers of a mathematical and physical character, 1927;115(772):700-21.
  • Goldman L, Caldera DL, Nussbaum SR, et al. Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgicalprocedures. N Engl J Med. 1977;297(16):845-50. doi:10.1056/NEJM197710202971601.
  • Fihn SD, Berlin JA, Haneuse SJPA, Rivara FP. Prediction Models and Clinical Outcomes—A Call for Papers. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e249640. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9640.
  • Collins GS, Reitsma JB, Altman DG, Moons KG. Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(1):55-63. doi:10.7326/M14-0697.
  • Dautel KA, Agyingi E, Pathmanathan P. Validation framework for epidemiological models with application to COVID-19 models. PLoS Comput Biol 2023;19(3):e1010968. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010968.
  • Lu JH, Callahan A, Patel BS, Morse KH. Assessment of Adherence to Reporting Guidelines by Commonly Used Clinical Prediction Models From a Single Vendor: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(8):e2227779. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27779.
  • Kamran F, Tjandra D, Heiler A, Virzi J, Singh K, King JE, et al. Evaluation of Sepsis Prediction Models before Onset of Treatment. NEJM AI. 2024;1(3). doi:10.1056/AIoa2300032.
  • Liu Y, Wu R, Yang A. Research on Medical Problems Based on Mathematical Models. Mathematics. 2023;11:2842. doi:10.3390/math11132842.
  • Ledder G. Mathematical Modeling for Epidemiology and Ecology. Second edition, Springer, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09454-5.
  • Toma M, Wei OC. Predictive Modeling in Medicine. Encyclopedia 2023; 3:590–601. doi:10.3390/encyclopedia3020042.
  • Gill NS. Deterministic and stochastic models of infectious disease: Circular migrations and HIV transmission dynamics. 2015. Available from: https://math.uchicago.edu/~may/REU2015/REUPapers/Gill.pdf
  • Lash T, VanderWeele TJ, Haneuse S, Rothman KJ. Modern Epidemiology. Fourth edition. Wolters Kluwer, 2021.
  • Kobayashi H. Stochastic Modeling of an Infectious Disease Part I: Understand the Negative Binomial Distribution and Predict an Epidemic More Reliably. arXiv:2006.01586v1 [q-bio.PE] 2 Jun 2020.
  • Allen LJS. A primer on stochastic epidemic models: Formulation, numerical simulation, and analysis. Infect Dis Model. 2017;2(2):128-42. doi:10.1016/j.idm.2017.03.001.
  • Ateşli B, Esen O, Sütlü S. Epidemiyolojideki Kompartman Modellerinin Eşlenmiş Hamilton Analizi. Int. J. Adv. Eng. Pure Sci. 2021;33(2):265-76. doi:10.7240/jeps.796442.
  • Leischow SJ, Milstein B. Systems thinking and modeling for public health practice. Am Public Health Assoc. 2006;96(3):403–5. doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.082842.
  • May RM. Simple mathematical models with very complicated dynamics. Nature. 1976;261(5560):459–67. doi:10.1038/261459a0.
  • Liu J, Jin X, Tsui KC. Autonomy Oriented Computing: From Problem Solving to Complex Systems Modeling. Boston: Springer;2006.
  • Liu J, Xia S. Computational Epidemiology: From Disease Transmission Modeling to Vaccination Decision Making. Springer, 2020.

MATHEMATİCAL MODELİNG İN EPİDEMİOLOGY: PREDİCTİON OF THE FUTURE

Yıl 2024, , 201 - 212, 05.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1473645

Öz

Using numbers is an old tradition to define "normal" functions of the human body, and the number is the language of mathematics. With the use of computers in the twentieth century, a new era was started and important steps were taken in diagnosing, treating, monitoring diseases and determining future expectations. Today, data mining, artificial intelligence, machine learning, neural network applications have entered almost every field of medicine and the use of algorithms, mathematical modelling have become an indispensable part of medicine and health services. Especially during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of the need for mathematical modeling has become even more evident. Although mathematical modeling, which is an important field for the science of epidemiology, aims to develop appropriate control methods by examining the frequency and distribution of all kinds of health-related conditions and events, initially seems like a magic formula, it is seen that many dilemmas are faced. In this study, various models developed for epidemiological purposes are discussed following the brief information regarding the aim and types of mathematical modeling in medicine.

Kaynakça

  • Gravemeijer K. Preamble: From models to modeling. In: K. Gravemeijer, R. Lehrer, B. Oers, L. Verschaffel (Eds). Symbolizing, modeling and tool use in mathematics education. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. pp. 7-22.
  • Altun M. Bir Yeterlik Alanı Olarak Matematiksel Modellemenin Yeniden Gözden Geçirilmesi. 2nd International Conference on Science, Mathematics, Entrepreneurship and Technology Education, 2020.
  • Kermack WO, McKendrick AG. A contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics. Proceedings of the royal society of london. Series A, Containing papers of a mathematical and physical character, 1927;115(772):700-21.
  • Goldman L, Caldera DL, Nussbaum SR, et al. Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgicalprocedures. N Engl J Med. 1977;297(16):845-50. doi:10.1056/NEJM197710202971601.
  • Fihn SD, Berlin JA, Haneuse SJPA, Rivara FP. Prediction Models and Clinical Outcomes—A Call for Papers. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e249640. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9640.
  • Collins GS, Reitsma JB, Altman DG, Moons KG. Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(1):55-63. doi:10.7326/M14-0697.
  • Dautel KA, Agyingi E, Pathmanathan P. Validation framework for epidemiological models with application to COVID-19 models. PLoS Comput Biol 2023;19(3):e1010968. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010968.
  • Lu JH, Callahan A, Patel BS, Morse KH. Assessment of Adherence to Reporting Guidelines by Commonly Used Clinical Prediction Models From a Single Vendor: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(8):e2227779. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27779.
  • Kamran F, Tjandra D, Heiler A, Virzi J, Singh K, King JE, et al. Evaluation of Sepsis Prediction Models before Onset of Treatment. NEJM AI. 2024;1(3). doi:10.1056/AIoa2300032.
  • Liu Y, Wu R, Yang A. Research on Medical Problems Based on Mathematical Models. Mathematics. 2023;11:2842. doi:10.3390/math11132842.
  • Ledder G. Mathematical Modeling for Epidemiology and Ecology. Second edition, Springer, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09454-5.
  • Toma M, Wei OC. Predictive Modeling in Medicine. Encyclopedia 2023; 3:590–601. doi:10.3390/encyclopedia3020042.
  • Gill NS. Deterministic and stochastic models of infectious disease: Circular migrations and HIV transmission dynamics. 2015. Available from: https://math.uchicago.edu/~may/REU2015/REUPapers/Gill.pdf
  • Lash T, VanderWeele TJ, Haneuse S, Rothman KJ. Modern Epidemiology. Fourth edition. Wolters Kluwer, 2021.
  • Kobayashi H. Stochastic Modeling of an Infectious Disease Part I: Understand the Negative Binomial Distribution and Predict an Epidemic More Reliably. arXiv:2006.01586v1 [q-bio.PE] 2 Jun 2020.
  • Allen LJS. A primer on stochastic epidemic models: Formulation, numerical simulation, and analysis. Infect Dis Model. 2017;2(2):128-42. doi:10.1016/j.idm.2017.03.001.
  • Ateşli B, Esen O, Sütlü S. Epidemiyolojideki Kompartman Modellerinin Eşlenmiş Hamilton Analizi. Int. J. Adv. Eng. Pure Sci. 2021;33(2):265-76. doi:10.7240/jeps.796442.
  • Leischow SJ, Milstein B. Systems thinking and modeling for public health practice. Am Public Health Assoc. 2006;96(3):403–5. doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.082842.
  • May RM. Simple mathematical models with very complicated dynamics. Nature. 1976;261(5560):459–67. doi:10.1038/261459a0.
  • Liu J, Jin X, Tsui KC. Autonomy Oriented Computing: From Problem Solving to Complex Systems Modeling. Boston: Springer;2006.
  • Liu J, Xia S. Computational Epidemiology: From Disease Transmission Modeling to Vaccination Decision Making. Springer, 2020.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Osman Hayran 0000-0002-9994-5033

Ayşe Nur Balcı Yapalak 0000-0003-1323-4511

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Hayran O, Balcı Yapalak AN. EPİDEMİYOLOJİDE MATEMATİK MODEL KULLANIMI: GELECEK TAHMİNİ. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi. 2024;9(2):201-12.

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