Bireylerin Sosyodemografik ve Kişilik Özelliklerinin Pandemideki Önleyici Tedbirlere Uyuma Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde uygulanan önleyici tedbirlere uyum düzeyi ile sosyodemografik özellikler ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri değerlendirmekti. Bu kesitsel çalışmanın verileri, Türkiye’de pandeminin dördüncü dalga dönemi içerisinde olan Şubat - Mart 2022’de toplandı. Çalışmaya toplam 1228 kişi çevrimiçi anket yoluyla katıldı. COVID-19 Önleme Yönergeleri Uyum Ölçeği (C-PGC), COVID-19 önleme tedbirlerine uyumu değerlendirmek için kullanılırken, kişilik özelliklerini değerlendirmek için On Maddeli Kişilik Envanteri kullanıldı. Katılımcıların %57,7’si kadındı ve ortanca yaş 50 yıldı. Çoğunluk üniversite mezunuydu (%55,6), evliydi (%61,5) ve bir şehir merkezinde ikamet ediyordu (%82,4). Çok değişkenli doğrusal regresyon analizi, COVID-19 önleyici tedbirlere uyumun kadınlarda (β=2,535, p<0,001), ileri yaştaki bireylerde (β=0,073, p<0,001) ve en az bir komorbiditesi olanlarda (β=0,926, p=0,017) daha yüksek olduğunu ve daha önce COVID-19 öyküsü olan bireylerde daha düşük olduğunu (β=-0,572, p=0,005) ortaya koydu. Ayrıca, daha yüksek uyumun; uyumluluk (β=0,280, p<0,001), nevrotiklik (β=0,369, p<0,001) ve vicdanlılık (β=0,268, p=0,005) ile ilişkili olduğu bulundu. Pandemide koruyucu tedbirlere uyum, bireyler arasında sosyodemografik, tıbbi ve kişilik özelliklerine bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Sağlık davranışlarını etkileyen kişisel özellikleri anlamak, halk sağlığı krizleri sırasında hedef odaklı yaklaşımlar sağlamak açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uyumluluk
• COVID-19
• pandemi
• kişilik özellikleri
• önleme

Etik Beyan

Çalışmanın etik kurul onayı 11.02.2022 tarihinde Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Etik Kurulu’ndan 09.2022.295 protokol numarası ile alındı.

The Impacts of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Personality Traits on Adherence with the Preventive Measures of the Pandemic

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the level of compliance with preventive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic and sociodemographic characteristics and personality traits in Türkiye. The data of this cross-sectional study was collected in February – March 2022, during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Türkiye. A total of 1228 individuals participated in the study via online questionnaire. The COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines Compliance Scale (C-PGC) was used to evaluate adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures, while the Ten-Item Personality Inventory was used to assess personality traits. Of the participants, 57.7% were women, and the median age was 50 years. The majority were university graduates (55.6%), married (61.5%), and resided in an urban center (82.4%). The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures was higher among females (β=2.535, p<0.001), individuals of older age (β=0.073, p<0.001), and those with at least one comorbidity (β=0.926, p=0.017), while compliance was lower among individuals with a previous history of COVID-19 (β=-0.572, p=0.005). In addition, higher compliance was associated with agreeableness (β=0.280, p<0.001), neuroticism (β=0.369, p<0.001), and conscientiousness (β = 0.268, p = 0.005). Compliance with pandemic protective measures varies among individuals depending on their sociodemographic, medical, and personality characteristics. Understanding personal characteristics that impact health behaviors is essential to provide targeted approaches to individuals during public health crises.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Compliance
• COVID-19
• pandemic
• personal traits
• prevention

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval for the study was received from the Marmara University School of Medicine Ethics Committee on 11.02.2022 with protocol number 09.2022.295.

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