ASSESSMENT OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND ITS IMPACT ON MENTAL HEALTH: A POPULATION-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Öz

This study investigates the prevalence and predictors of domestic violence against women (VAW), with a particular focus on cultural factors that commonly encountered locally. It also examines the impact of VAW and these cultural factors on women’s mental health. The cross-sectional study was conducted with the 659 women aged 15-49 years residing in the city center of Ağrı, between February 15–March 15, 2024. Domestic Violence Against Women Scale and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 were used to measure VAW and mental health outcomes, respectively. Pearson correlation analyses used as preliminary analysis, and hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to identify predictors of VAW and mental health outcomes. The findings revealed 23.5% of women self-reported exposure to physical violence, and 31.4% of participants reported experiencing non-physical forms of domestic violence. Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that arranged marriage (β=-0.181), and living in an extended family (β=0.097) predicted VAW among cultural factors. Additionally, low husband’s education level (β=-0.230), low family monthly income (β=-0.105), and history of psychiatric illness (β=0.330) individual and familial factors that predicted VAW. Analyses regarding predictors of mental health outcomes revealed that domestic VAW, history of psychiatric illness and age difference with spouse strongly predicted women’s all mental health outcomes. Additionally, high husbands’ age predicted anxiety, and high husbands’ education level predicted depression, stress, and total DASS scores. The finding of this study underscore efforts to reduce violence against women and ensure mental well-being of women requires a comprehensive approach that considers the individual, familial, and cultural factors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Domestic violence
• women
• mental health
• culture
• Türkiye

KADINA YÖNELİK AİLE İÇİ ŞİDDET VE RUH SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: TOPLUM TABANLI KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Bu çalışmada, özellikle yerel olarak yaygın olarak karşılaşılan kültürel faktörlere odaklanarak, kadına yönelik aile içi şiddetin (KYŞ) yaygınlığı ve belirleyicileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, KYŞ’nin ve bu kültürel faktörlerin kadınların ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Kesitsel tipteki çalışma, 15 Şubat-15 Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında Ağrı il merkezinde ikamet eden 15-49 yaş aralığındaki 659 kadınla yürütülmüştür. KYŞ ve ruh sağlığı semptomlarını ölçmek için sırasıyla Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddet Ölçeği ve Depresyon Anksiyete ve Stres Ölçeği-21 kullanılmıştır. Ön analiz olarak Pearson korelasyon analizleri kullanılmış, KYŞ ve ruh sağlığı semptomlarının yordayıcılarını belirlemek için hiyerarşik doğrusal regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, kadınların %23,5’inin fiziksel şiddete maruz kaldığını, %31,4’ünün ise fiziksel olmayan türde aile içi şiddet yaşadığını ortaya koymuştur. Hiyerarşik doğrusal regresyon analizleri, kültürel faktörler arasında görücü usulü ile evlilik (β=-0,181) ve geniş ailede yaşamanın (β=0,097) KYŞ’yi belirlediğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, eşin eğitim düzeyinin düşük olması (β=-0,230), ailenin aylık gelirinin düşük olması (β=-0,105) ve psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsünün olması (β=0,330) KYŞ’yi öngören bireysel ve ailevi faktörler olarak bulunmuştur. Ruh sağlığı sonuçlarının öngörücülerine ilişkin analizler, aile içi KYŞ’nin, psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsünün ve eşle yaş farkının kadınların tüm ruh sağlığı sonuçlarını (depresyon, anksiyete, stres) güçlü bir şekilde belirlediğini ortaya koydu. Ayrıca, eş yaşının yüksek olması kaygıyı, eş eğitim düzeyinin yüksek olması ise depresyon, stres ve toplam DASS puanlarını belirledi. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, KYŞ’yi azaltma ve kadınların ruhsal iyilik hallerinin sağlama çabalarının bireysel, ailevi ve kültürel faktörleri dikkate alan kapsamlı bir yaklaşım gerektirdiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aile içi şiddet
• kadın
• ruh sağlığı
• kültür
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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